Transverse Cracking In Newly Constructed Bridge Decks
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Transverse Cracking In Newly Constructed Bridge Decks
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Author : Paul D. Krauss
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1996
Transverse Cracking In Newly Constructed Bridge Decks written by Paul D. Krauss and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Transverse Cracking In Newly Constructed Bridge Decks
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Author : Paul D. Krauss
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1964
Transverse Cracking In Newly Constructed Bridge Decks written by Paul D. Krauss and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1964 with Bridges, Concrete categories.
Transverse Cracking In Newly Constructed Bridge Decks
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1996
Transverse Cracking In Newly Constructed Bridge Decks written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Concrete bridges categories.
Cause And Control Of Transverse Cracking In Concrete Bridge Decks
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Author : M. Ala Saadeghvaziri
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
Cause And Control Of Transverse Cracking In Concrete Bridge Decks written by M. Ala Saadeghvaziri and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Concrete bridges categories.
Many concrete bridge decks develop transverse cracking and most of these cracks develop at early ages, some right after construction and some after the bridge has been opened to traffic for a period of time. Structural design factors have not been the subject of much research in the past and they were the main thrust of this research study. Using 2-D and 3-D linear and nonlinear finite element models many design factors such as girder stiffness, deck thickness, girder spacing, relative stiffness of deck to girder, amount of reinforcements, etc., were studied. The research study also included a comprehensive review of the existing literature as well as survey of 24 bridges in the state of New Jersey. Results of each research task are presented and discussed in detail. Furthermore, based on analytical results and literature review, the effect of various factors are quantified and specific recommendations for possible consideration in design are made.
Cracking In Bridge Decks
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Author : Pui-shum B. Shing
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999
Cracking In Bridge Decks written by Pui-shum B. Shing and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Concrete categories.
This report summarizes the findings of a study whose primary objectives are to determine the cause of extensive transverse cracking that has been observed in some existing bridge decks, and to identify the change of material specifications and construction practice that is necessary to reduce the severity of deck cracking. To achieve these goals, recent studies on the cause of bridge deck cracking were reviewed, an experimental study was conducted to compare the shrinkage properties of different concrete mixes, and the current material and design specifications and construction practice adopted by the Colorado Department of Transportation (CDOT) were reviewed to identify areas that need improvement. A survey was conducted on seven newly constructed bridges to examine the extent of cracking in concrete decks that were constructed with the different mix designs and curing procedure that were currently used by CDOT.
Bridge Deck Cracking And Composite Action Analyses
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Author : Hani H. Nassif
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Bridge Deck Cracking And Composite Action Analyses written by Hani H. Nassif and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Bridges categories.
Transverse Cracking Of High Performance Concrete Bridge Decks After One Season Or Six To Eight Months
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Transverse Cracking Of High Performance Concrete Bridge Decks After One Season Or Six To Eight Months written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Concrete categories.
Cracking is a major problem with newly placed concrete decks. These decks tend to develop full depth, transverse cracks and partial depth longitudinal cracks within a few months of the concrete being placed. A literature review showed that several other states had experienced similar problems. A review of data from Ohio bridge decks showed weak correlations between deck cracking and slump, time of year when the deck was placed, shrinkage, chloride permeability and compressive strength, but there was no clear relationship between cracking and any of these properties. Data also suggested that using a coarse aggregate with an absorption> 1% may help mitigate deck cracking but will not always stop it. As part of this study, 3 bridge decks were instrumented. One was a standard class "S" concrete deck and the other two were high performance concrete. The class "S" deck showed only hairline cracking after 1 year, but transverse cracking occurred in the HPC decks. Instruments were placed in the decks to monitor strains. From the data, it appears that cracking is caused by several factors. High heat of hydration caused the plastic concrete to expand. When the concrete sets and cools, tensile stressed develop. Further tensile stresses develop through drying shrinkage. Restraining the deck against normal thermal movement contributes to additional tensile stress. Autogeneous shrinkage, where high heats of hydration cause water evaporation during hydration, and plastic shrinkage may cause more tensile stress. Recommendations for mitigating cracking include using lower cement contents, adding pozzolans and retarders, using slightly higher water/cement ratios, using larger aggregates, taking steps to limit shrinkage and eliminating restraints.
Cracking In Concrete Bridge Decks
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Author : Tony R. Schmitt
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995
Cracking In Concrete Bridge Decks written by Tony R. Schmitt and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Concrete bridges categories.
The causes of cracking in bridge decks are investigated and procedures are recommended to alleviate the problem. Forty continuous steel girder bridges, thirty-seven composite and three noncomposite bridges are evaluated. Field surveys conducted to document cracking patterns and to determine the crack density of each bridge are described. Information collected from construction documents, field books, and weather data logs is presented and compared to the observed levels of cracking to identify correlations between cracking and the variables studied. Thirty-one variables are considered such as material properties, site conditions, construction procedures, design specifications, age of bridge and traffic volume. Based on the research reported herein, cracking in monolithic bridge decks increases with increasing values of concrete slump, percent volume of water and cement, water content, and compressive strength, and decreasing values of air content (especially below 6.0%). Bridge deck overlays placed with zero slump concrete consistently exhibit high levels of cracking. Cracking in overlays also increases as placement lengths increase. High maximum air temperatures and large changes in air temperature on the day of casting aggravate cracking in monolithic bridge decks. High average air temperatures and large changes in air temperature similarly aggravate cracking in bridge deck overlays. Both monolithic and two layer bridges with fixed-ended girders exhibit increased cracking near the abutments compared to those with pin-ended girders.
Incidence Assessment Of Transverse Cracking In Concrete Bridge Decks Construction And Material Considerations
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1985
Incidence Assessment Of Transverse Cracking In Concrete Bridge Decks Construction And Material Considerations written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1985 with Concrete bridges categories.
A survey of transverse cracking in 72 recently completed concrete bridge decks in the Piedmont region of North Carolina.
Transverse Cracking Of Bridge Decks Influence Of Temperature And Restrained Shrinkage
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
Transverse Cracking Of Bridge Decks Influence Of Temperature And Restrained Shrinkage written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with categories.
Ohio Department of Transportation started a program of replacement of bridge decks by high performance concrete decks but the decks started showing cracks after just six to eight months or a season of construction. This study was taken up to ascertain the causes of this early cracking with emphasis on the study of the role of temperature and restrained shrinkage in cracking. Analysis of data from ODOT about its previously cast decks about their location, mix design, slump, compressive strength, average shrinkage, month of casting, ninety day chloride penetration values and temperature differential showed vast scatter, indicating that deck cracking is the compounded effect of several factors acting together and implied an in-depth study in various directions. To gain an insight into the role of temperature and restrained shrinkage in cracking, an experiment was done in an ODOT project involving a phased replacement of deck of a bridge (on US 127) over still water in Richland Township of Darke County in Ohio. Prior to casting, four pairs of vibrating wire gages were placed at the top and bottom of the reinforcement cage of deck at following locations * On the mid-span between two beams * Over the pier * Over the beam * Over the beam pier intersection. Hourly strains and corresponding Temperatures were measured and recorded for fifteen months. Numerical analysis and analytic study was done on the data obtained from site. Both phases of construction showed a different behavior so far as the pattern of strain generation is concerned. It was observed that the gages having least external restraint developed highest strains. The deck showed a wavy behavior with upward curvature at locations where deck had a beam below and downward curvature for locations where deck has no beam (restraint) below it. The temperature was seen to become a potential source for cracking only when a vast difference of temperature existed along the cross section of deck. Even after one year of casting the deck, only minor cracking was observed. This unexpected behavior of deck was attributed to good construction practices, especially proper curing.