Tuberculosis Prevalence Surveys
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National Tuberculosis Prevalence Surveys 2007 2016
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date : 2021-05-03
National Tuberculosis Prevalence Surveys 2007 2016 written by and has been published by World Health Organization this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-05-03 with Medical categories.
Between 2007 and the end of 2016, 24 countries implemented a total of 25 national tuberculosis prevalence surveys using methods recommended by WHO. The 25 surveys consisted of 13 in Asia and 12 in Africa. Collectively, survey findings have informed the policies, plans and programmatic actions needed to address gaps in TB diagnosis and treatment and to reduce the burden of TB disease. Finally, the 24 countries have a robust baseline for assessing progress towards new global targets set in the UN Sustainable Development Goals (2016–2030) and WHO’s End TB Strategy (2016–2035). The methods, results, successes achieved, challenges faced and lessons learned from the 25 surveys were comprehensively documented in the book. We viewed such a product as a global public good, that should be available to all those with an interest in and commitment to using survey findings, now and in the future e.g. academics, donors, public health officers and national TB programmes. As with implementation of the 25 surveys themselves, the book is the result of a major global, regional and national collaborative and collective effort, with more than 450 contributors from all around the world.
National Tuberculosis Prevalence Surveys What Diagnostic Algorithms Should Be Used In Future
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Author : World Health Organization
language : en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date : 2023-05-19
National Tuberculosis Prevalence Surveys What Diagnostic Algorithms Should Be Used In Future written by World Health Organization and has been published by World Health Organization this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-05-19 with Medical categories.
Assessing Tuberculosis Prevalence Through Population Based Surveys
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Author : Who Regional Office for the Western Pacific
language : en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date : 2007
Assessing Tuberculosis Prevalence Through Population Based Surveys written by Who Regional Office for the Western Pacific and has been published by World Health Organization this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Medical categories.
This publication provides countries with practical guidelines for planning population-based surveys to estimate the prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) at a national level. TB prevalence surveys yield useful information in areas where notification data obtained through routine surveillance are incomplete, or of unproven accuracy, and in areas with an estimated TB prevalence of more than 100 per 100 000. These surveys are used to evaluate the performance of the TB program, and to assess trends over time. To achieve this objective, data are collected through standards methods in a well-defined study population. This document is meant to provide information on the core survey methods, including diagnostic tests for TB, screening strategies, and case definitions. The target audience includes TB experts and advisers at national and international levels, and investigators involved in prevalence surveys.
Tuberculosis Prevalence Surveys
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Author : World Health Organization
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Tuberculosis Prevalence Surveys written by World Health Organization and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Medical categories.
Rev. ed. of: Assessing tuberculosis prevalence through population-based surveys. 2007.
Namibia Tuberculosis Disease Prevalence Survey Report
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Author : Namibia Ministry of Health and Social Services
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date :
Namibia Tuberculosis Disease Prevalence Survey Report written by Namibia Ministry of Health and Social Services and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with Tuberculosis categories.
Adaptive Sampling
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Author : Steven K. Thompson
language : en
Publisher: Wiley-Interscience
Release Date : 1996-06-07
Adaptive Sampling written by Steven K. Thompson and has been published by Wiley-Interscience this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-06-07 with Mathematics categories.
Offering a viable solution to the long-standing problem of estimating the abundance of rare, clustered populations, adaptive sampling designs are rapidly gaining prominence in the natural and social sciences as well as in other fields with inherently difficult sampling situations. In marked contrast to conventional sampling designs, in which the entire sample of units to be observed is fixed prior to the survey, adaptive sampling strategies allow for increased sampling intensity depending upon observations made during the survey. For example, in a survey to assess the abundance of a rare animal species, neighboring sites may be added to the sample whenever the species is encountered during the survey. In an epidemiological survey of a contagious or genetically linked disease, sampling intensity may be increased whenever prevalence of the disease is encountered. Written by two acknowledged experts in this emerging field, this book offers researchers their first comprehensive introduction to adaptive sampling. An ideal reference for statisticians conducting research in survey designs and spatial statistics as well as researchers working in the environmental, ecological, public health, and biomedical sciences. Adaptive Sampling: Provides a comprehensive, fully integrated introduction to adaptive sampling theory and practice Describes recent research findings Introduces readers to a wide range of adaptive sampling strategies and techniques Includes numerous real-world examples from environmental pollution studies, surveys of rare animal and plant species, studies of contagious diseases, marketing surveys, mineral and fossil-fuel assessments, and more
Systematic Screening For Active Tuberculosis
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Author : World Health Organization
language : en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date : 2013
Systematic Screening For Active Tuberculosis written by World Health Organization and has been published by World Health Organization this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Medical categories.
There have been calls to revisit the experiences of TB screening campaigns that were widely applied in Europe and North America in the mid-20th century, as well as more recent experiences with TB screening in countries with a high burden of the disease, and to assess their possible relevance for TB care and prevention in the 21st century. In response, WHO has developed guidelines on screening for active TB. An extensive review of the evidence has been undertaken. The review suggests that screening, if done in the right way and targeting the right people, may reduce suffering and death, but the review also highlights several reasons to be cautious. As discussed in detail in this book, there is a need to balance potential benefits against the risks and costs of screening; this conclusion is mirrored by the history of TB screening. This publication presents the first comprehensive assessment by WHO of the appropriateness of screening for active TB since the recommendations made in 1974 by the Expert Committee. However, the relative effectiveness and cost effectiveness of screening remain uncertain, a point that is underscored by the systematic reviews presented in this guideline. Evidence suggests that some risk groups should always be screened, whereas the prioritization of other risk groups as well as the choice of screening approach depend on the epidemiology, the health-system context, and the resources available. This book sets out basic principles for prioritizing risk groups and choosing a screening approach; it also emphasizes the importance of assessing the epidemiological situation, adapting approaches to local situations, integrating TB screening into other health-promotion activities, minimizing the risk of harm to individuals, and engaging in continual monitoring and evaluation. It calls for more and better research to assess the impact of screening and to develop and evaluate new screening tests and approaches.
Ordeal Of The Presidency
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Author : David Cushman Coyle
language : en
Publisher: Greenwood Publishing Group
Release Date : 1973
Ordeal Of The Presidency written by David Cushman Coyle and has been published by Greenwood Publishing Group this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1973 with History categories.
Global Tuberculosis Report 2013
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Author : World Health Organization
language : en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date : 2013
Global Tuberculosis Report 2013 written by World Health Organization and has been published by World Health Organization this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Medical categories.
This is the eighteenth global report on tuberculosis (TB) published by WHO in a series that started in 1997. It provides a comprehensive and up-to-date assessment of the TB epidemic and progress in implementing and financing TB prevention care and control at global regional and country levels using data reported by almost 200 countries that account for over 99% of the world's TB cases. Two years before the 2015 deadline for achievement of global TB targets the 2013 report includes a special supplement that assesses progress towards the 2015 targets and the actions needed to accelerate towards or move beyond them.The report has 8 main chapters. The introductory chapter provides general background on TB as well as an explanation of global targets for TB control the WHO's Stop TB Strategy that covers the period 2006-2015 and the development of a post-2015 global TB strategy. The remaining seven chapters cover the disease burden caused by TB (incidence prevalence mortality); TB case notifications and treatment outcomes; drug resistance surveillance among TB patients and the programmatic response in detecting and providing treatment for multidrug-resistant TB; diagnostics and laboratory strengthening for TB; addressing the co-epidemics of TB and HIV; financing TB care and control; and research and development for new TB diagnostics drugs and vaccines.The four annexes of the report include a thorough explanation of methods used to estimate the burden of disease caused by TB one-page profiles for 22 high TB-burden countries and tables of data on key indicators for all countries organized by WHO region.
Disease Control Priorities Third Edition Volume 6
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Author : King K. Holmes
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2017-11-06
Disease Control Priorities Third Edition Volume 6 written by King K. Holmes and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-06 with Medical categories.
Infectious diseases are the leading cause of death globally, particularly among children and young adults. The spread of new pathogens and the threat of antimicrobial resistance pose particular challenges in combating these diseases. Major Infectious Diseases identifies feasible, cost-effective packages of interventions and strategies across delivery platforms to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS, other sexually transmitted infections, tuberculosis, malaria, adult febrile illness, viral hepatitis, and neglected tropical diseases. The volume emphasizes the need to effectively address emerging antimicrobial resistance, strengthen health systems, and increase access to care. The attainable goals are to reduce incidence, develop innovative approaches, and optimize existing tools in resource-constrained settings.