Tulsa 1921
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Tulsa 1921
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Author : Randy Krehbiel
language : en
Publisher: University of Oklahoma Press
Release Date : 2019-09-19
Tulsa 1921 written by Randy Krehbiel and has been published by University of Oklahoma Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-09-19 with History categories.
In 1921 Tulsa’s Greenwood District, known then as the nation’s “Black Wall Street,” was one of the most prosperous African American communities in the United States. But on May 31 of that year, a white mob, inflamed by rumors that a young black man had attempted to rape a white teenage girl, invaded Greenwood. By the end of the following day, thousands of homes and businesses lay in ashes, and perhaps as many as three hundred people were dead. Tulsa, 1921 shines new light into the shadows that have long been cast over this extraordinary instance of racial violence. With the clarity and descriptive power of a veteran journalist, author Randy Krehbiel digs deep into the events and their aftermath and investigates decades-old questions about the local culture at the root of what one writer has called a white-led pogrom. Krehbiel analyzes local newspaper accounts in an unprecedented effort to gain insight into the minds of contemporary Tulsans. In the process he considers how the Tulsa World, the Tulsa Tribune, and other publications contributed to the circumstances that led to the disaster and helped solidify enduring white justifications for it. Some historians have dismissed local newspapers as too biased to be of value for an honest account, but by contextualizing their reports, Krehbiel renders Tulsa’s papers an invaluable resource, highlighting the influence of news media on our actions in the present and our memories of the past. The Tulsa Massacre was a result of racial animosity and mistrust within a culture of political and economic corruption. In its wake, black Tulsans were denied redress and even the right to rebuild on their own property, yet they ultimately prevailed and even prospered despite systemic racism and the rise during the 1920s of the second Ku Klux Klan. As Krehbiel considers the context and consequences of the violence and devastation, he asks, Has the city—indeed, the nation—exorcised the prejudices that led to this tragedy?
The 1921 Tulsa Race Massacre
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Author : Chris M. Messer
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-06-12
The 1921 Tulsa Race Massacre written by Chris M. Messer and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-06-12 with History categories.
This book examines the Tulsa Race Massacre of 1921, perhaps the most lethal and financially devastating instance of collective violence in early twentieth-century America. The Greenwood district, a comparably prosperous black community spanning thirty-five city blocks, was set afire and destroyed by white rioters. This work analyzes the massacre from a sociological perspective, extending an integrative approach to studying its causes, the organizational responses that followed, and the complicated legacy that remains.
The 1921 Tulsa Race Massacre
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Author : Karlos K. Hill
language : en
Publisher: University of Oklahoma Press
Release Date : 2021-03-18
The 1921 Tulsa Race Massacre written by Karlos K. Hill and has been published by University of Oklahoma Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-03-18 with History categories.
On the evening of May 31, 1921, and in the early morning hours of June 1, several thousand white citizens and authorities violently attacked the African American Greenwood District of Tulsa, Oklahoma. In the course of some twelve hours of mob violence, white Tulsans reduced one of the nation’s most prosperous black communities to rubble and killed an estimated 300 people, mostly African Americans. This richly illustrated volume, featuring more than 175 photographs, along with oral testimonies, shines a new spotlight on the race massacre from the vantage point of its victims and survivors. Historian and Black Studies professor Karlos K. Hill presents a range of photographs taken before, during, and after the massacre, mostly by white photographers. Some of the images are published here for the first time. Comparing these photographs to those taken elsewhere in the United States of lynchings, the author makes a powerful case for terming the 1921 outbreak not a riot but a massacre. White civilians, in many cases assisted or condoned by local and state law enforcement, perpetuated a systematic and coordinated attack on Black Tulsans and their property. Despite all the violence and devastation, black Tulsans rebuilt the Greenwood District brick by brick. By the mid-twentieth century, Greenwood had reached a new zenith, with nearly 250 Black-owned and Black-operated businesses. Today the citizens of Greenwood, with support from the broader community, continue to work diligently to revive the neighborhood once known as “Black Wall Street.” As a result, Hill asserts, the most important legacy of the Tulsa Race Massacre is the grit and resilience of the Black survivors of racist violence. The 1921 Tulsa Race Massacre: A Photographic History offers a perspective largely missing from other accounts. At once captivating and disturbing, it will embolden readers to confront the uncomfortable legacy of racial violence in U.S. history.
The Burning
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Author : Tim Madigan
language : en
Publisher: Macmillan
Release Date : 2003-02
The Burning written by Tim Madigan and has been published by Macmillan this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-02 with History categories.
"On the morning of June 1, 1921, a white mob numbering in the thousands marched across the railroad tracks dividing black from white in Tulsa, Oklahoma, and obliterated a black community then celebrated as one of America's most prosperous. Thirty-four square blocks of Tulsa's Greenwood community, known then as the Negro Wall Street of America, were reduced to smoldering rubble. With chilling details, humanity, and the narrative thrust of compelling fiction. The Burning re-creates the town of Greenwood at the height of its prosperity, explores the currents of hatred, racism, and mistrust between its black residents and Tulsa's neighboring white population, narrates events leading up to and including Greenwood's annihilation, and documents the subsequent silence that surrounded the tragedy that became known as the Tulsa Race Riot."--Back cover
Death In A Promised Land
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Author : Scott Ellsworth
language : en
Publisher: LSU Press
Release Date : 1992-01-01
Death In A Promised Land written by Scott Ellsworth and has been published by LSU Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992-01-01 with History categories.
Widely believed to be the most extreme incident of white racial violence against African Americans in modern United States history, the 1921 Tulsa Race Massacre resulted in the destruction of over one thousand black-owned businesses and homes as well as the murder of between fifty and three hundred black residents. Exhaustively researched and critically acclaimed, Scott Ellsworth’s Death in a Promised Land is the definitive account of the Tulsa race riot and its aftermath, in which much of the history of the destruction and violence was covered up. It is the compelling story of racial ideologies, southwestern politics, and incendiary journalism, and of an embattled black community’s struggle to hold onto its land and freedom. More than just the chronicle of one of the nation’s most devastating racial pogroms, this critically acclaimed study of American race relations is, above all, a gripping story of terror and lawlessness, and of courage, heroism, and human perseverance.
The Tulsa Race War Of 1921
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Author : R. Halliburton
language : en
Publisher: R & E Research Associates
Release Date : 1975
The Tulsa Race War Of 1921 written by R. Halliburton and has been published by R & E Research Associates this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1975 with History categories.
Materials include documents, personal narratives, and photographs.
Reconstructing The Dreamland
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Author : Alfred L. Brophy
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2003-04-10
Reconstructing The Dreamland written by Alfred L. Brophy and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-04-10 with History categories.
The 1921 Tulsa Race Riot was America's bloodiest civil disturbance of the century. In this text, Alfred Brophy draws on his own extensive research into contemporary accounts and court documents to chronicle this devastating riot, showing how and why the rule of law quickly eroded.
What Was The Tulsa Race Massacre Of 1921
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Author : Caleb Gayle
language : en
Publisher: Penguin
Release Date : 2023-04-25
What Was The Tulsa Race Massacre Of 1921 written by Caleb Gayle and has been published by Penguin this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-04-25 with Juvenile Nonfiction categories.
Learn how envy and racism led to the tragic destruction of the thriving Black community in Tulsa, Oklahoma, in this thought-provoking addition to the New York Times bestselling What Was? series! Before May 31, 1921, the Greenwood District of Tulsa, Oklahoma, was a flourishing neighborhood of 10,000 Black residents. There, Black families found success and community. They ran their own businesses, including barbershops, clothing stores, jewelers, restaurants, movie theatres, and more. There also were Black doctors, dentists, and lawyers to serve the neighborhood. Then, in one weekend, all of this was lost. A racist mob tore through the streets, burning everything to the ground and killing scores of innocent residents. Learn about what led to one of the worst moments of racial violence in America's history in this nonfiction book for young readers.
The Tulsa Race Riot
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Author : Duchess Harris
language : en
Publisher: ABDO
Release Date : 2019-08-01
The Tulsa Race Riot written by Duchess Harris and has been published by ABDO this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-08-01 with Juvenile Nonfiction categories.
In 1921, a race riot erupted in Tulsa, Oklahoma. White residents burned down black-owned businesses and homes. They killed approximately 300 African Americans. The Tulsa Race Riot explores the story and legacy of one of the worst race riots in US history. Easy-to-read text, vivid images, and helpful back matter give readers a clear look at this subject. Features include a table of contents, infographics, a glossary, additional resources, and an index. Aligned to Common Core Standards and correlated to state standards. Core Library is an imprint of Abdo Publishing, a division of ABDO.
Tulsa Race Massacre Of 1921
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Author : World Changing History
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020-12-09
Tulsa Race Massacre Of 1921 written by World Changing History and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-12-09 with categories.
If you want to discover, the history behind Americans, the worst race Massacre then you better keep reading. On the morning of June 1, 1921, a white mob numbering in the thousands marched across the railroad tracks dividing black from white in Tulsa, Oklahoma They obliterated a black community then celebrated as one of America's most prosperous. 34 square blocks of Tulsa's Greenwood community, known then as the Black Wall Street of America, were reduced to smoldering rubble. 99 years later, the death toll of what is known as the Tulsa Race Riot is more difficult to pinpoint. Conservative estimates put the number of dead at about 100 (75% of the victims are believed to have been black), but the actual number of casualties could be triple that. In this book, you will discover. How racism and envy. Destroyed a prospering black community, and how it was covered up. Scroll up and Click Buy Now to Gain Instant access!