Turn Taking In Human Communicative Interaction
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Turn Taking In Human Communicative Interaction
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Author : Judith Holler
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2016-05-09
Turn Taking In Human Communicative Interaction written by Judith Holler and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-05-09 with Conversation categories.
The core use of language is in face-to-face conversation. This is characterized by rapid turn-taking. This turn-taking poses a number central puzzles for the psychology of language. Consider, for example, that in large corpora the gap between turns is on the order of 100 to 300 ms, but the latencies involved in language production require minimally between 600 ms (for a single word) or 1500 ms (for as simple sentence). This implies that participants in conversation are predicting the ends of the incoming turn and preparing in advance. But how is this done? What aspects of this prediction are done when? What happens when the prediction is wrong? What stops participants coming in too early? If the system is running on prediction, why is there consistently a mode of 100 to 300 ms in response time? The timing puzzle raises further puzzles: it seems that comprehension must run parallel with the preparation for production, but it has been presumed that there are strict cognitive limitations on more than one central process running at a time. How is this bottleneck overcome? Far from being 'easy' as some psychologists have suggested, conversation may be one of the most demanding cognitive tasks in our everyday lives. Further questions naturally arise: how do children learn to master this demanding task, and what is the developmental trajectory in this domain? Research shows that aspects of turn-taking, such as its timing, are remarkably stable across languages and cultures, but the word order of languages varies enormously. How then does prediction of the incoming turn work when the verb (often the informational nugget in a clause) is at the end? Conversely, how can production work fast enough in languages that have the verb at the beginning, thereby requiring early planning of the whole clause? What happens when one changes modality, as in sign languages – with the loss of channel constraints is turn-taking much freer? And what about face-to-face communication amongst hearing individuals – do gestures, gaze, and other body behaviors facilitate turn-taking? One can also ask the phylogenetic question: how did such a system evolve? There seem to be parallels (analogies) in duetting bird species, and in a variety of monkey species, but there is little evidence of anything like this among the great apes. All this constitutes a neglected set of problems at the heart of the psychology of language and of the language sciences. This Research Topic contributes to advancing our understanding of these problems by summarizing recent work from psycholinguists, developmental psychologists, students of dialog and conversation analysis, linguists, phoneticians, and comparative ethologists.
Language Processing
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Author : Simon Garrod
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 1999
Language Processing written by Simon Garrod and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Psychologists study many aspects of language, its acquisition, or how it breaks down in various disorders, the central concern of this book questions what happens when we process language and the mental operations that occur.
Duetting And Turn Taking Patterns Of Singing Mammals From Genes To Vocal Plasticity And Beyond
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Author : Patrice Adret
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2023-10-23
Duetting And Turn Taking Patterns Of Singing Mammals From Genes To Vocal Plasticity And Beyond written by Patrice Adret and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-10-23 with Science categories.
Mammalian vocal duets and turn-taking exchanges — long, coordinated acoustic signals exchanged between two individuals— are primarily found in family-living, pair-bonded mammals with a socially monogamous lifestyle (some rodents, some lemurs, tarsiers, titi monkeys, a Mentawai langur, gibbons and siamangs). Duetting and turn-taking patterns combine visual, chemical, tactile and auditory cues to produce some of the most exuberant displays in the realm of animal communication. How and why such phenotypes evolved independently across main lineages are fundamental questions at the core of the nature-nurture debate. Duetting styles ranging from antiphonal (non-overlapping) to simultaneous (overlapping) emissions have now been documented in various taxa, some of which are quite reminiscent of turn-taking rules in human conversation. Nonetheless, much remains to be learned about this complex motor skill, and at all four levels of analysis, namely (1) developmental processes, (2) causal mechanisms (3) functional properties and (4) evolutionary history. Given the strong link between this form of coordinated singing and pair-bonding, gaining a deeper understanding of this kind of cooperative behavior will likely shed more light on the deep evolutionary roots of human culture, language and music.
Cognitive Pragmatics
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Author : Bruno G. Bara
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2010-05-28
Cognitive Pragmatics written by Bruno G. Bara and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-05-28 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
An argument that communication is a cooperative activity between agents, who together consciously and intentionally construct the meaning of their interaction. In Cognitive Pragmatics, Bruno Bara offers a theory of human communication that is both formalized through logic and empirically validated through experimental data and clinical studies. Bara argues that communication is a cooperative activity in which two or more agents together consciously and intentionally construct the meaning of their interaction. In true communication (which Bara distinguishes from the mere transmission of information), all the actors must share a set of mental states. Bara takes a cognitive perspective, investigating communication not from the viewpoint of an external observer (as is the practice in linguistics and the philosophy of language) but from within the mind of the individual. Bara examines communicative interaction through the notion of behavior and dialogue games, which structure both the generation and the comprehension of the communication act (either language or gesture). He describes both standard communication and nonstandard communication (which includes deception, irony, and "as-if" statements). Failures are analyzed in detail, with possible solutions explained. Bara investigates communicative competence in both evolutionary and developmental terms, tracing its emergence from hominids to Homo sapiens and defining the stages of its development in humans from birth to adulthood. He correlates his theory with the neurosciences, and explains the decay of communication that occurs both with different types of brain injury and with Alzheimer's disease. Throughout, Bara offers supporting data from the literature and his own research. The innovative theoretical framework outlined by Bara will be of interest not only to cognitive scientists and neuroscientists but also to anthropologists, linguists, and developmental psychologists.
Fictive Interaction
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Author : Esther Pascual
language : en
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
Release Date : 2014-09-15
Fictive Interaction written by Esther Pascual and has been published by John Benjamins Publishing Company this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-09-15 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Language is intimately related to interaction. The question arises: Is the structure of interaction somehow mirrored in language structure and use? This book suggests a positive answer to this question by examining the ubiquitous phenomenon of fictive interaction, in which non-genuine conversational turns appear in discourse, even within clauses, phrases, and lexical items (e.g. “Not happy? Money back! guarantee”). The book is based on a collection of hundreds of examples of fictive interaction at all grammatical levels from a wide variety of spoken, written, and signed languages, and from many different discourse genres. Special attention is devoted to the strategic use of fictive interaction in legal argumentation, with a focus on high-profile criminal trials. Both trial lawyers and lay jurors often present material evidence or murder victims as speaking, and express emotions and intentions in conversational terms. The book thus establishes the role of the conversational turn—rather than the sentence—as the basic unit of language, and the role of conversation as a frame that structures cognition, discourse, and grammar.
Social And Cognitive Approaches To Interpersonal Communication
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Author : Susan R. Fussell
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2014-02-25
Social And Cognitive Approaches To Interpersonal Communication written by Susan R. Fussell and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-02-25 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Historically, the social aspects of language use have been considered the domain of social psychology, while the underlying psycholinguistic mechanisms have been the purview of cognitive psychology. Recently, it has become increasingly clear that these two dimensions are highly interrelated: cognitive mechanisms underlying speech production and comprehension interact with social psychological factors, such as beliefs about one's interlocutors and politeness norms, and with the dynamics of the conversation itself, to produce shared meaning. This realization has led to an exciting body of research integrating the social and cognitive dimensions which has greatly increased our understanding of human language use. Each chapter in this volume demonstrates how the theoretical approaches and research methods of social and cognitive psychology can be successfully interwoven to provide insight into one or more fundamental questions about the process of interpersonal communication. The topics under investigation include the nature and role of speaker intentions in the communicative process, the production and comprehension of indirect speech and figurative language, perspective-taking and conversational collaboration, and the relationships between language, cognition, culture, and social interaction. The book will be of interest to all those who study interpersonal language use: social and cognitive psychologists, theoretical and applied linguists, and communication researchers.
The Cambridge Handbook Of Sociolinguistics
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Author : Rajend Mesthrie
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2011-10-06
The Cambridge Handbook Of Sociolinguistics written by Rajend Mesthrie and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-10-06 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
The most comprehensive overview available, this Handbook is an essential guide to sociolinguistics today. Reflecting the breadth of research in the field, it surveys a range of topics and approaches in the study of language variation and use in society. As well as linguistic perspectives, the handbook includes insights from anthropology, social psychology, the study of discourse and power, conversation analysis, theories of style and styling, language contact and applied sociolinguistics. Language practices seem to have reached new levels since the communications revolution of the late twentieth century. At the same time face-to-face communication is still the main force of language identity, even if social and peer networks of the traditional face-to-face nature are facing stiff competition of the Facebook-to-Facebook sort. The most authoritative guide to the state of the field, this handbook shows that sociolinguistics provides us with the best tools for understanding our unfolding evolution as social beings.
Media And Communication In The Soviet Union 1917 1953
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Author : Kirill Postoutenko
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-03-01
Media And Communication In The Soviet Union 1917 1953 written by Kirill Postoutenko and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-03-01 with History categories.
This book provides a systematic account of media and communication development in Soviet society from the October Revolution to the death of Stalin. Summarizing earlier research and drawing upon previously unpublished archival materials, it covers the main aspects of public and private interaction in the Soviet Union, from public broadcast to kitchen gossip. The first part of the volume covers visual, auditory and tactile channels, such as posters, maps and monuments. The second deals with media, featuring public gatherings, personal letters, telegraph, telephone, film and radio. The concluding part surveys major boundaries and flows structuring the Soviet communicate environment. The broad scope of contributions to this volume will be of great interest to students and researchers working on the Soviet Union, and twentieth-century media and communication more broadly.
Grammar And Cognition
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Author : Alexander Haselow
language : en
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
Release Date : 2020-11-15
Grammar And Cognition written by Alexander Haselow and has been published by John Benjamins Publishing Company this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-11-15 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This volume brings together linguistic, psychological and neurological research in a discussion of the Cognitive Dualism Hypothesis, whose central idea is that human cognitive activity in general and linguistic cognition in particular cannot reasonably be reduced to a single, monolithic system of mental processing, but that they have a dualistic organization. Drawing on a wide range of methodological approaches and theoretical frameworks that account for how language users mentally represent, process and produce linguistic discourse, the studies in this volume provide a critical examination of dualistic approaches to language and cognition and their impact on a number of fields. The topics range from formulaic language, the study of reasoning and linguistic discourse, and the lexicon–grammar distinction to studies of specific linguistic expressions and structures such as pragmatic markers and particles, comment adverbs, extra-clausal elements in spoken discourse and the processing of syntactic groups.
Communication Disability And The Psychiatry Of Old Age
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Author : Karen Bryan
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2010-09-07
Communication Disability And The Psychiatry Of Old Age written by Karen Bryan and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-09-07 with Medical categories.
This book discusses management of communication disorders in the psychiatry of old age. The contribution of the speech and language therapist is the focus of the book, but this is described within the context of the multidisciplinary team. Language change and language assessment in psychiatric disorders associated with old age, especially dementias, are descbribed in detail. The form of service delivery offered is fundamental to the speech and language therapy intervention that can be offered to this complex and often neglected client group. A management perspective and service delivery in the USA and in the UK are described. Working with carers, service delivery in the community, an innovative scheme involving residential homes, a review of how community care initiatives have affected speech and language therapy services and an analysis of service audit are all included. As well as giving a description of speech and language therapy intervention with the elderly who have psychiatric disorders, the book also highlights the issues and challenges facing clinicians who work within the reformed health service. It should be of considerable interest to speech and language therapists, other health care professionals and students who work with older mentally ill people. Purchasers and managers who are commissioning and providing services for the older population with psychiatric disorders should also find the book useful.