Two Dependent Economies
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Two Dependent Economies
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Author : Bernard Goodman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1964
Two Dependent Economies written by Bernard Goodman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1964 with Australia categories.
Comparison of the economies of Australia and Canada, with particular reference to the dependence of both countries on foreign investment and trade - covers trends in balance of payments, inflation, gross national products, the role of USA and the role of UK capital, government policies, wage policies, etc. References.
Essays On Resource Dependent Economies
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Author : Samer Atallah
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Essays On Resource Dependent Economies written by Samer Atallah and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
"This dissertation designs and analyzes three innovative models dealing with policy formulation in resource-dependent economies. The emphasis is on two environments characterized by conflicting interests. The first environment deals with the political transition to democracy while the second deals with environmental regulation. The first chapter surveys the recent literature on the political economy of the resource curse. One strand of literature suggests that the resource curse is an outcome of a competition between rent seeking activities and productive activities. The second strand suggests that politicians desire to retain power distorts the efficiency of the economic activity leading to the resource curse. The first model explains the lack of democratization in resource exporting countries using a two period resource extraction model. The elite announce, in the first period, their plans for resource extraction and investment in the economy. Citizens, in the second period, decide on conducting a revolution to capture their share of rents from un-extracted resources. The government policies are designed to ensure that the elite remain in power and that citizens do not have the incentive to revolt. These policies subsidize extraction and investment during the first period. The extraction subsidy reduces the benefit of revolution while the investment subsidy increases its cost. On the other hand, policies in the democracy case are not constrained by the revolution threat and represent the median voter preferences. The resource is over extracted in the non-democratic case compared to the democratic case. Also, investment in the non-resource sector is lower. The model suggests that extraction path goes against price signals. Non-Democratic institution is the rational choice of the elite. The third chapter addresses the question of whether a rent extractive tariff has an impact on internal transfer policies and the probability of conflict emergence in resource exporting countries. The model also considers the impact of technological progress in resource importing economies. Conflict arises due to a threat of revolution conducted by citizens against elite. The cost of the revolution and its probability of success depend on the level of income inequality. Alternatively, citizens and elite bargain to determine the optimal transfer from resource rents. Institutional quality is key in determining whether conflict would arise or not. The direct effect of the rent extractive tariff is that it reduces the chances of conflict and increases the chances of a successful bargain between citizens and elite. The increase in the tariff renders the transfers between elite to citizens less costly to elite through two channels. The first channel is by reducing the resource rents directly. Secondly, it reduces the citizens revolution effort and the probability of a successful revolution. The tariff does not necessarily reduce elite welfare. It unambiguously reduces citizens welfare. Technological progress has the opposite effect of the tariff. The last model in chapter four adds to the previous literature on the choice of market instrument to regulate emissions. Static models suggest the superiority of price instruments under a set of strict assumptions. Dynamic models model either the regulator or industry acting strategically. Here, the model assumes that both regulator and industry act together strategically to determine the choice of market instrument. In addition to social welfare, the regulator's payoff function is extended to include political gains from investment in abatement and improvement in the provision of the environmental good. The model suggests that quantity instrument is favorable to both regulator and industry. Also, industry with high cost of abatement has a better incentive to invest in clean technology under a quota system. The regulated quantity is optimal and does not generate welfare losses. " --
Natural Resources And Economic Development
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Author : Edward B. Barbier
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2019-09-19
Natural Resources And Economic Development written by Edward B. Barbier and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-09-19 with Business & Economics categories.
The second edition of this landmark book explores how natural resources contribute to development in poor economies.
Diversification And Cooperation In A Decarbonizing World
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Author : Grzegorz Peszko
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2020-07-24
Diversification And Cooperation In A Decarbonizing World written by Grzegorz Peszko and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-07-24 with Nature categories.
This book is the first stocktaking of what the decarbonization of the world economy means for fossil fuel†“dependent countries. These countries are the most exposed to the impacts of global climate policies and, at the same time, are often unprepared to manage them. They depend on the export of oil, gas, or coal; the use of carbon-intensive infrastructure (for example, refineries, petrochemicals, and coal power plants); or both. Fossil fuel†“dependent countries face financial, fiscal, and macro-structural risks from the transition of the global economy away from carbon-intensive fuels and the value chains based on them. This book focuses on managing these transition risks and harnessing related opportunities. Diversification and Cooperation in a Decarbonizing World identifies multiple strategies that fossil fuel†“dependent countries can pursue to navigate the turbulent waters of a low-carbon transition. The policy and investment choices to be made in the next decade will determine these countries’ degree of exposure and overall resilience. Abandoning their comfort zones and developing completely new skills and capabilities in a time frame consistent with the Paris Agreement on climate change is a daunting challenge and requires long-term revenue visibility and consistent policy leadership. This book proposes a constructive framework for climate strategies for fossil fuel†“dependent countries based on new approaches to diversification and international climate cooperation. Climate policy leaders share responsibility for creating room for all countries to contribute to the goals of the Paris Agreement, taking into account the specific vulnerabilities and opportunities each country faces.
Varieties Of Capitalism
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Author : Peter A. Hall
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2001-08-30
Varieties Of Capitalism written by Peter A. Hall and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-08-30 with Business & Economics categories.
What are the most fundamental differences among the political economies of the developed world? How do national institutional differences condition economic performance, public policy, and social well-being? Will they survive the pressures for convergence generated by globalization and technological change? These have long been central questions in comparative political economy. This book provides a new and coherent set of answers to them. Building on the new economics of organization, the authors develop an important new theory about which differences among national political economies are most significant for economic policy and performance. Drawing on a distinction between 'liberal' and 'coordinated' market economies, they argue that there is more than one path to economic success. Nations need not converge to a single Anglo-American model. They develop a new theory of 'comparative institutionaladvantage' that transforms our understanding of international trade, offers new explanations for the response of firms and nations to the challenges of globalization, and provides a new theory of national interest to explain the conduct of nations in international relations. The analysis brings the firm back into the centre of comparative political economy. It provides new perspectives on economic and social policy-making that illuminate the role of business in the development of the welfare state and the dilemmas facing those who make economic policy in the contemporary world. Emphasizing the 'institutional complementarities' that link labour relations, corporate finance, and national legal systems, the authors bring interdisciplinary perspectives to bear on issues of strategic management, economic performance, and institutional change. This pathbreaking work sets new agendas in the study of comparative political economy. As such, it will be of value to academics and graduate students in economics, business, and political science, as well as to many others with interests in international relations, social policy-making, and the law.
The Dynamics Of Growth In Emerging Economies
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Author : Arzu Akkoyunlu Wigley
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2018-12-19
The Dynamics Of Growth In Emerging Economies written by Arzu Akkoyunlu Wigley and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-12-19 with Business & Economics categories.
How can Turkey increase its medium- and long-term growth potential? Despite episodes of fast growth, this has become a vital question for the Turkish economy, in order to avoid being stuck in a middle-income trap. There has been an increase in the number of studies presenting growth in Turkey and quantifying the sources of economic growth, however, due to the difference in the main underlying assumptions and the time period covered in these studies, the results differ. The second strand of literature on growth in Turkey identifies the relative underperformance of the Turkish economy by developing models with microeconomic foundations. Given the fact that there are a large number of studies investigating the macro dynamics of growth in Turkey, the book’s unique focus on the "neglected" issues in growth discussions closes the gap in the existing literature. It addresses the micro, macro, regional, and gender aspects, the environment–energy–growth nexus, as well as the microeconomic dynamics of growth. It also analyses the other significant determinants of long run growth in Turkey such as import dependency and saving-investment decision. The authors provide a macro overview of all of the precluded subjects in order to evaluate them in relation to one other, as well as to derive policy conclusions from them. This book primarily targets academics as well as graduate and undergraduate social sciences and humanities students both in Turkey and other countries. It is also a must read for researchers and policy makers not only in Turkey but also in other developing economies and is of interest to specialists of non-governmental and non-profit organizations.
The Organization Of Ancient Economies
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Author : Kenneth Hirth
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2020-09-17
The Organization Of Ancient Economies written by Kenneth Hirth and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-09-17 with Business & Economics categories.
This is the first book written that examines ancient and premodern economies from a comparative and cross-cultural perspective.
When Can Oil Economies Be Deemed Sustainable
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Author : Giacomo Luciani
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-09-30
When Can Oil Economies Be Deemed Sustainable written by Giacomo Luciani and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-09-30 with Political Science categories.
This open access book questions the stereotype depicting all Gulf (GCC) economies as not sustainable, and starts a critical discussion of what these economies and polities should do to guarantee themselves a relatively stable future. Volatile international oil markets and the acceleration of the energy transition has challenged the notion that oil revenues are sufficient to sustain oil economies in the near to medium term. But what is the meaning of economic sustainability? The book discusses the multiple dimensions of the concept: economic diversification, continuing value of resources, taxation and fiscal development, labor market sustainability, sustainable income distribution, environmental sustainability, political order (democracy or authoritarianism) and sustainability, regional integration. The overarching message in this book is that we should move on from the simplistic branding of the Gulf economies as unsustainable and tackle the details of which adaptations they might need to undertake.
Why Nations Fail
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Author : Daron Acemoglu
language : en
Publisher: Crown Currency
Release Date : 2012-03-20
Why Nations Fail written by Daron Acemoglu and has been published by Crown Currency this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-03-20 with Business & Economics categories.
Brilliant and engagingly written, Why Nations Fail answers the question that has stumped the experts for centuries: Why are some nations rich and others poor, divided by wealth and poverty, health and sickness, food and famine? Is it culture, the weather, geography? Perhaps ignorance of what the right policies are? Simply, no. None of these factors is either definitive or destiny. Otherwise, how to explain why Botswana has become one of the fastest growing countries in the world, while other African nations, such as Zimbabwe, the Congo, and Sierra Leone, are mired in poverty and violence? Daron Acemoglu and James Robinson conclusively show that it is man-made political and economic institutions that underlie economic success (or lack of it). Korea, to take just one of their fascinating examples, is a remarkably homogeneous nation, yet the people of North Korea are among the poorest on earth while their brothers and sisters in South Korea are among the richest. The south forged a society that created incentives, rewarded innovation, and allowed everyone to participate in economic opportunities. The economic success thus spurred was sustained because the government became accountable and responsive to citizens and the great mass of people. Sadly, the people of the north have endured decades of famine, political repression, and very different economic institutions—with no end in sight. The differences between the Koreas is due to the politics that created these completely different institutional trajectories. Based on fifteen years of original research Acemoglu and Robinson marshall extraordinary historical evidence from the Roman Empire, the Mayan city-states, medieval Venice, the Soviet Union, Latin America, England, Europe, the United States, and Africa to build a new theory of political economy with great relevance for the big questions of today, including: - China has built an authoritarian growth machine. Will it continue to grow at such high speed and overwhelm the West? - Are America’s best days behind it? Are we moving from a virtuous circle in which efforts by elites to aggrandize power are resisted to a vicious one that enriches and empowers a small minority? - What is the most effective way to help move billions of people from the rut of poverty to prosperity? More philanthropy from the wealthy nations of the West? Or learning the hard-won lessons of Acemoglu and Robinson’s breakthrough ideas on the interplay between inclusive political and economic institutions? Why Nations Fail will change the way you look at—and understand—the world.
The Next Rural Economies
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Author : Greg Halseth
language : en
Publisher: CABI
Release Date : 2010
The Next Rural Economies written by Greg Halseth and has been published by CABI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Business & Economics categories.
This book discusses the future of rural development and the recognition of the growing importance of 'place-based economies' where the unique attributes and assets of individual places determine their attractiveness for particular types of activities and investments. New understandings of competitiveness and conceptualizations of a new economy underline the importance of making strategic investments in community infrastructure. Doing things, at the local and regional scales, matters and not doing things has consequences. Topics include seasonal economies, amenity migration, IT industries, green energy and transportation developments.