Uma Ci Ncia Sobre Coisa Alguma Rela Es Funcionais Comportamento E Cultura
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Uma Ci Ncia Sobre Coisa Alguma Rela Es Funcionais Comportamento E Cultura
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Author :
language : pt-BR
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Uma Ci Ncia Sobre Coisa Alguma Rela Es Funcionais Comportamento E Cultura written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
Embora seu conteúdo seja do interesse de áreas vizinhas, como Antropologia, Filosofia, Sociologia e Biologia, o livro está situado no âmbito da Análise Comportamental da Cultura. Essa área representa um campo temático relevante no contexto de uma das mediações teórico-epistemológicas da Psicologia e é constituída por uma ciência, a Análise do Comportamento, e uma filosofia de ciência, o Behaviorismo Radical. O texto, mais precisamente, está centrado nas práticas culturais, que se referem às ações humanas executadas de maneira entrelaçada com ações de outros indivíduos, característica inerente aos comportamentos sociais. Tecnicamente, o conteúdo examinado é o anunciado no subtítulo do livro, ou seja: relações funcionais, comportamento e cultura. No entanto, para além dessa instância, o texto trata da lógica subjacente às relações ou interações entre as pessoas, e entre estas e as agências de controle (como governo, lei e religião), ocupando-se de examinar tais relações de maneira funcional. Pode-se dizer que o texto, paralelamente ao interesse por precisão técnica na ciência do comportamento, busca estimular o leitor para uma avaliação sobre quanto temos, tradicionalmente, construído pressupostos, princípios, sistemas explicativos, escolas de pensamento e teorias voltados à defesa de explicações do comportamento humano com base em estruturas, quer físicas, quer conceituais, que não passam de constructos hipotéticos que se supõe sejam diretamente causadores de ações, atividades, comportamentos. Conceber uma "estrutura cognitiva", uma "mente pensante", uma "estrutura de personalidade", um ego, um eu, um id, um superego, um traço de caráter, uma estrutura fisiológica, enfim, um mecanismo subjacente responsável pela causalidade primeira do comportamento parece constituir um equívoco perene na história da Psicologia e, talvez mais, na história da ciência. Embora sem, naturalmente, negar um monismo fisicalista, ontológico, de substância, o livro rejeita o status prioritário de importância tradicionalmente atribuído às estruturas, em si mesmas, como entes explicativos do comportamento humano.
Verbal Behavior
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Author : B. F. Skinner
language : en
Publisher: B. F. Skinner Foundation
Release Date : 2014-05-26
Verbal Behavior written by B. F. Skinner and has been published by B. F. Skinner Foundation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-05-26 with Psychology categories.
In 1934, at the age of 30, B. F. Skinner found himself at a dinner sitting next to Professor Alfred North Whitehead. Never one to lose an opportunity to promote behaviorism, Skinner expounded its main tenets to the distinguished philosopher. Whitehead acknowledged that science might account for most of human behavior but he would not include verbal behavior. He ended the discussion with a challenge: "Let me see you," he said, "account for my behavior as I sit here saying, 'No black scorpion is falling upon this table.'" The next morning Skinner began this book. It took him over twenty years to complete. This book extends the laboratory-based principles of selection by consequences to account for what people say, write, gesture, and think. Skinner argues that verbal behavior requires a separate analysis because it does not operate on the environment directly, but rather through the behavior of other people in a verbal community. He illustrates his thesis with examples from literature, the arts, and sciences, as well as from his own verbal behavior and that of his colleagues and children. Perhaps it is because this theoretical work provides a way to approach that most human of human behavior that Skinner ofter called Verbal Behavior his most important work.
The Civilizing Process
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Author : Norbert Elias
language : en
Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
Release Date : 2000-07-13
The Civilizing Process written by Norbert Elias and has been published by Wiley-Blackwell this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-07-13 with Social Science categories.
The Civilizing Process stands out as Norbert Elias' greatest work, tracing the "civilizing" of manners and personality in Western Europe since the late Middle Ages by demonstrating how the formation of states and the monopolization of power within them changed Western society forever.
Asylums
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Author : Erving Goffman
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-09-08
Asylums written by Erving Goffman and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-09-08 with Social Science categories.
A total institution is defined by Goffman as a place of residence and work where a large number of like-situated, individuals, cut off from the wider society for an appreciable period of time, together lead an enclosed, formally administered round of life. Prisons serve as a clear example, providing we appreciate that what is prison-like about prisons is found in institutions whose members have broken no laws. This volume deals with total institutions in general and, mental hospitals, in particular. The main focus is, on the world of the inmate, not the world of the staff. A chief concern is to develop a sociological version of the structure of the self. Each of the essays in this book were intended to focus on the same issue--the inmate's situation in an institutional context. Each chapter approaches the central issue from a different vantage point, each introduction drawing upon a different source in sociology and having little direct relation to the other chapters. This method of presenting material may be irksome, but it allows the reader to pursue the main theme of each paper analytically and comparatively past the point that would be allowable in chapters of an integrated book. If sociological concepts are to be treated with affection, each must be traced back to where it best applies, followed from there wherever it seems to lead, and pressed to disclose the rest of its family.
Ideology And Modern Culture
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Author : John B. Thompson
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2013-05-02
Ideology And Modern Culture written by John B. Thompson and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-05-02 with Social Science categories.
In this major new work, Thompson develops an original account of ideology and relates it to the analysis of culture and mass communication in modern Societies. Thompson offers a concise and critical appraisal of major contributions to the theory of ideology, from Marx and Mannheim, to Horkheimer, Adorno and Habermas. He argues that these thinkers - and social and political theorists more generally - have failed to deal adequately with the nature of mass communication and its role in the modern world. In order to overcome this deficiency, Thompson undertakes a wide-ranging analysis of the development of mass communication, outlining a distinctive social theory of the mass media and their impact.
Nature
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Author : Maurice Merleau-Ponty
language : en
Publisher: Northwestern University Press
Release Date : 2003
Nature written by Maurice Merleau-Ponty and has been published by Northwestern University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Philosophy categories.
Collected in this text are the written notes of courses on the concept of nature give by Merleau-Ponty at the College de France in the 1950s. The ideas that animated the philosopher's lectures emerge in an early, fluid form in the process of being elaborated, negotiated, critiqued and reconsidered.
A Neuroscientist S Guide To Classical Conditioning
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Author : John W. Moore
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-09-05
A Neuroscientist S Guide To Classical Conditioning written by John W. Moore and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-09-05 with Psychology categories.
Classical conditioning (CC) refers to the general paradigm for scientific studies of learning and memory, as initiated by Pavlov and his followers. Despite the current high level of interest in CC within neuroscience there is presently no single source that provides up-to-date comprehensive coverage of core topics. CC is a very large field. Nevertheless, some organisms and behaviors have dominated the neuroscience scene. Foremost of these are classical eyeblink conditioning (rats, cats, rabbits, and humans) and ear'conditioning. This handbook of CC focuses on these systems. It will be particularly appealing to the growing amount of scientists and medical specialists who employ CC methods.'
About Behaviorism
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Author : B.F. Skinner
language : en
Publisher: Vintage
Release Date : 2011-08-24
About Behaviorism written by B.F. Skinner and has been published by Vintage this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-08-24 with Psychology categories.
The basic book about the controversial philosophy known as behaviorism, written by its leading exponent.
Infant Mother Attachment
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Author : Michael E. Lamb
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-08-21
Infant Mother Attachment written by Michael E. Lamb and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-08-21 with Psychology categories.
First Published in 1985. This book provides a thorough review of the literature concerning the origins, interpretation, and developmental significance of individual differences in early infant-parent attachment.
Science And Human Behavior
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Author : B.F Skinner
language : en
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
Release Date : 2012-12-18
Science And Human Behavior written by B.F Skinner and has been published by Simon and Schuster this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-18 with Psychology categories.
The psychology classic—a detailed study of scientific theories of human nature and the possible ways in which human behavior can be predicted and controlled—from one of the most influential behaviorists of the twentieth century and the author of Walden Two. “This is an important book, exceptionally well written, and logically consistent with the basic premise of the unitary nature of science. Many students of society and culture would take violent issue with most of the things that Skinner has to say, but even those who disagree most will find this a stimulating book.” —Samuel M. Strong, The American Journal of Sociology “This is a remarkable book—remarkable in that it presents a strong, consistent, and all but exhaustive case for a natural science of human behavior…It ought to be…valuable for those whose preferences lie with, as well as those whose preferences stand against, a behavioristic approach to human activity.” —Harry Prosch, Ethics