Uncertainty And Explanation In Medicine And The Health Sciences
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Uncertainty And Explanation In Medicine And The Health Sciences
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Author : Olaf Dammann
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2025-03-27
Uncertainty And Explanation In Medicine And The Health Sciences written by Olaf Dammann and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-03-27 with Medical categories.
This book offers a comprehensive account of how uncertainty is tackled in medicine and the health sciences. Olaf Dammann explores recent accounts of medicine as ineffective and suggests that the impression that medicine does not achieve its goal is, at least in part, due to the aleatoric (natural) uncertainty of biomedical processes and the subsequent epistemic (cognitive) uncertainty of those who desire solid information about such processes. Dammann shows how concepts like inference, explanation, and causometry help mitigate this disconnect. He points toward the possibility that some of the statistically rigid and formalized approaches (such as the randomized controlled trial as the gold standard for the justification of medical interventions) might better be replaced by approaches that emphasize the coherence of evidence and the people’s needs for helpful health interventions (auxiliarianism).
Uncertainty In Pharmacology
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Author : Adam LaCaze
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-02-20
Uncertainty In Pharmacology written by Adam LaCaze and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-02-20 with Medical categories.
This volume covers a wide range of topics concerning methodological, epistemological, and regulatory-ethical issues around pharmacology. The book focuses in particular on the diverse sources of uncertainty, the different kinds of uncertainty that there are, and the diverse ways in which these uncertainties are (or could be) addressed. Compared with the more basic sciences, such as chemistry or biology, pharmacology works across diverse observable levels of reality: although the first step in the causal chain leading to the therapeutic outcome takes place at the biochemical level, the end-effect is a clinically observable result—which is influenced not only by biological actions, but also psychological and social phenomena. Issues of causality and evidence must be treated with these specific aspects in mind. In covering these issues, the book opens up a common domain of investigation which intersects the deeply intertwined dimensions of pharmacological research, pharmaceutical regulation and the related economic environment. The book is a collective endeavour with in-depth contributions from experts in pharmacology, philosophy of medicine, statistics, scientific methodology, formal and social epistemology, working in constant dialogue across disciplinary boundaries.
Patient Care Under Uncertainty
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Author : Charles F. Manski
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2019-09-10
Patient Care Under Uncertainty written by Charles F. Manski and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-09-10 with Business & Economics categories.
For the past few years, the author, a renowned economist, has been applying the statistical tools of economics to decision making under uncertainty in the context of patient health status and response to treatment. He shows how statistical imprecision and identification problems affect empirical research in the patient-care sphere.
Testing Treatments
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Author : Imogen Evans
language : en
Publisher: Pinter & Martin Publishers
Release Date : 2011
Testing Treatments written by Imogen Evans and has been published by Pinter & Martin Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Health & Fitness categories.
This work provides a thought-provoking account of how medical treatments can be tested with unbiased or 'fair' trials and explains how patients can work with doctors to achieve this vital goal. It spans the gamut of therapy from mastectomy to thalidomide and explores a vast range of case studies.
The Laws Of Medicine
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Author : Siddhartha Mukherjee
language : en
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
Release Date : 2015-10-13
The Laws Of Medicine written by Siddhartha Mukherjee and has been published by Simon and Schuster this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-10-13 with Medical categories.
Essential, required reading for doctors and patients alike: A Pulitzer Prize-winning author and one of the world’s premiere cancer researchers reveals an urgent philosophy on the little-known principles that govern medicine—and how understanding these principles can empower us all. Over a decade ago, when Siddhartha Mukherjee was a young, exhausted, and isolated medical resident, he discovered a book that would forever change the way he understood the medical profession. The book, The Youngest Science, forced Dr. Mukherjee to ask himself an urgent, fundamental question: Is medicine a “science”? Sciences must have laws—statements of truth based on repeated experiments that describe some universal attribute of nature. But does medicine have laws like other sciences? Dr. Mukherjee has spent his career pondering this question—a question that would ultimately produce some of most serious thinking he would do around the tenets of his discipline—culminating in The Laws of Medicine. In this important treatise, he investigates the most perplexing and illuminating cases of his career that ultimately led him to identify the three key principles that govern medicine. Brimming with fascinating historical details and modern medical wonders, this important book is a fascinating glimpse into the struggles and Eureka! moments that people outside of the medical profession rarely see. Written with Dr. Mukherjee’s signature eloquence and passionate prose, The Laws of Medicine is a critical read, not just for those in the medical profession, but for everyone who is moved to better understand how their health and well-being is being treated. Ultimately, this book lays the groundwork for a new way of understanding medicine, now and into the future.
Improving Diagnosis In Health Care
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Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2015-12-29
Improving Diagnosis In Health Care written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-12-29 with Medical categories.
Getting the right diagnosis is a key aspect of health care - it provides an explanation of a patient's health problem and informs subsequent health care decisions. The diagnostic process is a complex, collaborative activity that involves clinical reasoning and information gathering to determine a patient's health problem. According to Improving Diagnosis in Health Care, diagnostic errors-inaccurate or delayed diagnoses-persist throughout all settings of care and continue to harm an unacceptable number of patients. It is likely that most people will experience at least one diagnostic error in their lifetime, sometimes with devastating consequences. Diagnostic errors may cause harm to patients by preventing or delaying appropriate treatment, providing unnecessary or harmful treatment, or resulting in psychological or financial repercussions. The committee concluded that improving the diagnostic process is not only possible, but also represents a moral, professional, and public health imperative. Improving Diagnosis in Health Care, a continuation of the landmark Institute of Medicine reports To Err Is Human (2000) and Crossing the Quality Chasm (2001), finds that diagnosis-and, in particular, the occurrence of diagnostic errorsâ€"has been largely unappreciated in efforts to improve the quality and safety of health care. Without a dedicated focus on improving diagnosis, diagnostic errors will likely worsen as the delivery of health care and the diagnostic process continue to increase in complexity. Just as the diagnostic process is a collaborative activity, improving diagnosis will require collaboration and a widespread commitment to change among health care professionals, health care organizations, patients and their families, researchers, and policy makers. The recommendations of Improving Diagnosis in Health Care contribute to the growing momentum for change in this crucial area of health care quality and safety.
The Ethics Of Uncertainty
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Author : L. Syd M. Johnson
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2022
The Ethics Of Uncertainty written by L. Syd M. Johnson and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with Medical categories.
This is the first book-length, empirically-informed philosophical treatment of disorders of consciousness. The book puts forward a compelling ethical approach focused on uncertainty, epistemic and ethical risk, and justice. Bioethicist L. Syd M Johnson rejects longstanding ethical dogmas about the significance of consciousness for moral standing and personhood, and provides a new approach to medical decision making in the presence of uncertainty. With applications to medical decisions and beyond, this ethical approach enables surrogate decision makers facing fraught and risky choices to fulfill their obligations as moral and epistemic agents.
The Handbook Of Applied Communication Research
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Author : H. Dan O'Hair
language : en
Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
Release Date : 2020-05-12
The Handbook Of Applied Communication Research written by H. Dan O'Hair and has been published by Wiley-Blackwell this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-05-12 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
An authoritative survey of different contexts, methodologies, and theories of applied communication The field of Applied Communication Research (ACR) has made substantial progress over the past five decades in studying communication problems, and in making contributions to help solve them. Changes in society, human relationships, climate and the environment, and digital media have presented myriad contexts in which to apply communication theory. The Handbook of Applied Communication Research addresses a wide array of contemporary communication issues, their research implications in various contexts, and the challenges and opportunities for using communication to manage problems. This innovative work brings together the diverse perspectives of a team of notable international scholars from across disciplines. The Handbook of Applied Communication Research includes discussion and analysis spread across two comprehensive volumes. Volume one introduces ACR, explores what is possible in the field, and examines theoretical perspectives, organizational communication, risk and crisis communication, and media, data, design, and technology. The second volume focuses on real-world communication topics such as health and education communication, legal, ethical, and policy issues, and volunteerism, social justice, and communication activism. Each chapter addresses a specific issue or concern, and discusses the choices faced by participants in the communication process. This important contribution to communication research: Explores how various communication contexts are best approached Addresses balancing scientific findings with social and cultural issues Discusses how and to what extent media can mitigate the effects of adverse events Features original findings from ongoing research programs and original communication models and frameworks Presents the best available research and insights on where current research and best practices should move in the future A major addition to the body of knowledge in the field, The Handbook of Applied Communication Research is an invaluable work for advanced undergraduate students, graduate students, and scholars.
Decision Making In Health And Medicine
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Author : M. G. Myriam Hunink
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2014-10-16
Decision Making In Health And Medicine written by M. G. Myriam Hunink and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-10-16 with Education categories.
A guide for everyone involved in medical decision making to plot a clear course through complex and conflicting benefits and risks.
Experts In Uncertainty
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Author : Roger M. Cooke
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 1991-10-24
Experts In Uncertainty written by Roger M. Cooke and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991-10-24 with Science categories.
This book is an extensive survey and critical examination of the literature on the use of expert opinion in scientific inquiry and policy making. The elicitation, representation, and use of expert opinion is increasingly important for two reasons: advancing technology leads to more and more complex decision problems, and technologists are turning in greater numbers to "expert systems" and other similar artifacts of artificial intelligence. Cooke here considers how expert opinion is being used today, how an expert's uncertainty is or should be represented, how people do or should reason with uncertainty, how the quality and usefulness of expert opinion can be assessed, and how the views of several experts might be combined. He argues for the importance of developing practical models with a transparent mathematic foundation for the use of expert opinion in science, and presents three tested models, termed "classical," "Bayesian," and "psychological scaling." Detailed case studies illustrate how they can be applied to a diversity of real problems in engineering and planning.