Under Osman S Tree
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Under Osman S Tree
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Author : Alan Mikhail
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2019-03-08
Under Osman S Tree written by Alan Mikhail and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-08 with History categories.
Osman, the founder of the Ottoman Empire, had a dream in which a tree sprouted from his navel. As the tree grew, its shade covered the earth; as Osman’s empire grew, it, too, covered the earth. This is the most widely accepted foundation myth of the longest-lasting empire in the history of Islam, and offers a telling clue to its unique legacy. Underlying every aspect of the Ottoman Empire’s epic history—from its founding around 1300 to its end in the twentieth century—is its successful management of natural resources. Under Osman’s Tree analyzes this rich environmental history to understand the most remarkable qualities of the Ottoman Empire—its longevity, politics, economy, and society. The early modern Middle East was the world’s most crucial zone of connection and interaction. Accordingly, the Ottoman Empire’s many varied environments affected and were affected by global trade, climate, and disease. From down in the mud of Egypt’s canals to up in the treetops of Anatolia, Alan Mikhail tackles major aspects of the Middle East’s environmental history: natural resource management, climate, human and animal labor, energy, water control, disease, and politics. He also points to some of the ways in which the region’s dominant religious tradition, Islam, has understood and related to the natural world. Marrying environmental and Ottoman history, Under Osman’s Tree offers a bold new interpretation of the past five hundred years of Middle Eastern history.
Under Osman S Tree
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Author : Alan Mikhail
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2017-03-13
Under Osman S Tree written by Alan Mikhail and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-03-13 with History categories.
The early modern Middle East was a crucial zone of connection between Europe and the Mediterranean world, on the one hand, and South Asia, the Indian Ocean, and sub-Saharan Africa, on the other. Accordingly, global trade, climate, and disease both affected and were affected by what was happening in the Middle East s many environments. The trans-territorial and trans-temporal character of environmental history helps shed new light on the history of the region, and Alan Mikhail s latest tackles major topics in environmental history: natural resource management, climate, human and animal labor, water control, disease, and the politics of nature. It also reveals how one of the world s most important religious traditions, Islam, has related to the natural world. This is a model book that sets the course for Middle East environmental history."
Steiner Trees In Industry
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Author : Xiuzhen Cheng
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2001-10-31
Steiner Trees In Industry written by Xiuzhen Cheng and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-10-31 with Computers categories.
This book is a collection of articles studying various Steiner tree prob lems with applications in industries, such as the design of electronic cir cuits, computer networking, telecommunication, and perfect phylogeny. The Steiner tree problem was initiated in the Euclidean plane. Given a set of points in the Euclidean plane, the shortest network interconnect ing the points in the set is called the Steiner minimum tree. The Steiner minimum tree may contain some vertices which are not the given points. Those vertices are called Steiner points while the given points are called terminals. The shortest network for three terminals was first studied by Fermat (1601-1665). Fermat proposed the problem of finding a point to minimize the total distance from it to three terminals in the Euclidean plane. The direct generalization is to find a point to minimize the total distance from it to n terminals, which is still called the Fermat problem today. The Steiner minimum tree problem is an indirect generalization. Schreiber in 1986 found that this generalization (i.e., the Steiner mini mum tree) was first proposed by Gauss.
On The Way To The Un Known
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Author : Doris Gruber
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2022-09-06
On The Way To The Un Known written by Doris Gruber and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-09-06 with History categories.
This volume brings together twenty-two authors from various countries who analyze travelogues on the Ottoman Empire between the fifteenth and nineteenth centuries. The travelogues reflect the colorful diversity of the genre, presenting the experiences of individuals and groups from China to Great Britain. The spotlight falls on interdependencies of travel writing and historiography, geographic spaces, and specific practices such as pilgrimages, the hajj, and the harem. Other points of emphasis include the importance of nationalism, the place and time of printing, representations of fashion, and concepts of masculinity and femininity. By displaying close, comparative, and distant readings, the volume offers new insights into perceptions of "otherness", the circulation of knowledge, intermedial relations, gender roles, and digital analysis.
Trees Iv
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Author : Y. P. S. Bajaj
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1996-06-04
Trees Iv written by Y. P. S. Bajaj and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-06-04 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This volume presents twenty-four chapters on the biotechnology of trees and deals with the importance, distribution, conventional propagation, micropropagation, review of tissue culture studies, in vitro culture, and genetic manipulation of forest, fruit and ornamental trees, such as various species of Acrocomia, Ailanthus, Anacardium, Allocasuarina, Carya, Casuarina, Coffea, Cyphomandra, Fagus, Feijoa, Fraxinus, Gymnocladus, Leptospermum, Metroxylon, Oxydendrum, Paeonia, Paulownia, Pouteria, Psidium, Quercus. Included are also five chapters on gymnosperm trees, such as Abies fraseri, Cephalotaxus, Pinus durangensis, P. greggii, P. halepensis, P. pinea, and Tetraclinis articulata. Trees IV is a valuable reference book for scientists, teachers, and students of forestry, botany, genetics and horticulture, who are interested in tree biotechnology.
Encyclopedia Of Optimization
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Author : Christodoulos A. Floudas
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2008-09-04
Encyclopedia Of Optimization written by Christodoulos A. Floudas and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-09-04 with Mathematics categories.
The goal of the Encyclopedia of Optimization is to introduce the reader to a complete set of topics that show the spectrum of research, the richness of ideas, and the breadth of applications that has come from this field. The second edition builds on the success of the former edition with more than 150 completely new entries, designed to ensure that the reference addresses recent areas where optimization theories and techniques have advanced. Particularly heavy attention resulted in health science and transportation, with entries such as "Algorithms for Genomics", "Optimization and Radiotherapy Treatment Design", and "Crew Scheduling".
Campaigns Of Osman Sultans Chiefly In Western Asia From B Yezyd Ildirim To The Death Of Murad The Fourth 1389 1640 From The German Of J Von H By T A Dale
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Author : Joseph Freiherr von Hammer-Purgstall
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1835
Campaigns Of Osman Sultans Chiefly In Western Asia From B Yezyd Ildirim To The Death Of Murad The Fourth 1389 1640 From The German Of J Von H By T A Dale written by Joseph Freiherr von Hammer-Purgstall and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1835 with categories.
Bulletin
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1944
Bulletin written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1944 with Geology categories.
Advances In Steiner Trees
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Author : Ding-Zhu Du
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-06-29
Advances In Steiner Trees written by Ding-Zhu Du and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-29 with Mathematics categories.
The Volume on Advances in Steiner Trees is divided into two sections. The first section of the book includes papers on the general geometric Steiner tree problem in the plane and higher dimensions. The second section of the book includes papers on the Steiner problem on graphs. The general geometric Steiner tree problem assumes that you have a given set of points in some d-dimensional space and you wish to connect the given points with the shortest network possible. The given set ofpoints are 3 Figure 1: Euclidean Steiner Problem in E usually referred to as terminals and the set ofpoints that may be added to reduce the overall length of the network are referred to as Steiner points. What makes the problem difficult is that we do not know a priori the location and cardinality ofthe number ofSteiner points. Thus)the problem on the Euclidean metric is not known to be in NP and has not been shown to be NP-Complete. It is thus a very difficult NP-Hard problem.
Mosaic
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1972
Mosaic written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1972 with Science categories.