Understanding 21st Century Hydroclimatic Trends In Western Usa Mountain Ranges Using Variable Resolution Cesm
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Understanding 21st Century Hydroclimatic Trends In Western Usa Mountain Ranges Using Variable Resolution Cesm
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Author : Alan Michael Rhoades
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Understanding 21st Century Hydroclimatic Trends In Western Usa Mountain Ranges Using Variable Resolution Cesm written by Alan Michael Rhoades and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.
Mountains have historically functioned as both natural dams and water towers as they block atmospheric moisture transport and store it in the form of snowpack. They are also unique natural sentinels of climate change with high susceptibility to fluctuations in radiation, surface temperature, and moisture concentrations. The nonlinear atmosphere-land interactions between the major mountain hydroclimate variables such as snowfall, snow cover, snow water equivalent, and surface temperature determine the ebb and flow of how mountains naturally manage water resources. Snowfall totals are representative of the storm composition, orographic forcing, and, ultimately, the initial placement of snow in mountains. Snow cover represents the areal extent of snowfall deposition and the modifications in radiative surface properties. Snow water equivalent is a measure of the vertical build-up of water over the snow covered area that can be stored and slowly released over a given time period. Finally, surface temperature regulates the total storage and release time of mountains in their role as natural reservoirs. Thus, as anthropogenic climate change modifies nonlinear feedbacks at various elevation bands in mountain environments, a physically based model with dynamic feedbacks between the large-scale atmosphere drivers and regional-scale land surface processes is necessary to understand both historical and future trends in mountain hydroclimatology. To address this my research advances the use of a new modeling tool known as variable-resolution in the Community Earth System Model (VR-CESM) to better understand the historical evolution and potential climate change effects on the mountain hydroclimatology of California and the broader western USA, with a particular focus on snowpack. My dissertation represents the first application of this technique to explore scientific questions associated with mountain hydroclimatology and utilizes a suite of climate model, observational, and reanalysis datasets to provide a comprehensive assessment of how western US water resources has and will continue to be shaped by climate change. This research topic sits at the boundary of the atmospheric, hydrologic and computer sciences with an overall goal to push the boundaries of both global climate modeling and regional climate modeling. Chapter 1 explores the usability of VR-CESM in hydroclimate applications by assessing its relative performance to a suite of model, observational, and reanalysis datasets to represent historical snowpack life cycles and snow cover extents in the California Sierra Nevada. Chapter 2 utilizes VR-CESM to explore the effects of a "business-as-usual'' climate change scenario on mountain hydroclimatological trends within the five major western US mountain ranges and explored the nonlinear feedbacks with elevation. Chapter 3 identifies the relative effects of horizontal grid refinement and sub-grid-scale physics in VR-CESM to understand what controls simulated precipitation, snowpack, and surface temperature trends and what systemic biases need to be addressed.
Numerical Techniques For Global Atmospheric Models
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Author : Peter H. Lauritzen
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2011-03-29
Numerical Techniques For Global Atmospheric Models written by Peter H. Lauritzen and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-03-29 with Mathematics categories.
This book surveys recent developments in numerical techniques for global atmospheric models. It is based upon a collection of lectures prepared by leading experts in the field. The chapters reveal the multitude of steps that determine the global atmospheric model design. They encompass the choice of the equation set, computational grids on the sphere, horizontal and vertical discretizations, time integration methods, filtering and diffusion mechanisms, conservation properties, tracer transport, and considerations for designing models for massively parallel computers. A reader interested in applied numerical methods but also the many facets of atmospheric modeling should find this book of particular relevance.
Atmospheric Rivers
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Author : F. Martin Ralph
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-07-10
Atmospheric Rivers written by F. Martin Ralph and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-07-10 with Science categories.
This book is the standard reference based on roughly 20 years of research on atmospheric rivers, emphasizing progress made on key research and applications questions and remaining knowledge gaps. The book presents the history of atmospheric-rivers research, the current state of scientific knowledge, tools, and policy-relevant (science-informed) problems that lend themselves to real-world application of the research—and how the topic fits into larger national and global contexts. This book is written by a global team of authors who have conducted and published the majority of critical research on atmospheric rivers over the past years. The book is intended to benefit practitioners in the fields of meteorology, hydrology and related disciplines, including students as well as senior researchers.
Interior Western United States
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Author : Joel L. Pederson
language : en
Publisher: Geological Society of America
Release Date : 2005-01-01
Interior Western United States written by Joel L. Pederson and has been published by Geological Society of America this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-01-01 with Science categories.
Geomorphic Approaches To Integrated Floodplain Management Of Lowland Fluvial Systems In North America And Europe
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Author : Paul F. Hudson
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-04-29
Geomorphic Approaches To Integrated Floodplain Management Of Lowland Fluvial Systems In North America And Europe written by Paul F. Hudson and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-04-29 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This volume provides a comprehensive perspective on geomorphic approaches to management of lowland alluvial rivers in North America and Europe. Many lowland rivers have been heavily managed for flood control and navigation for decades or centuries, resulting in engineered channels and embanked floodplains with substantially altered sediment loads and geomorphic processes. Over the past decade, floodplain management of many lowland rivers has taken on new importance because of concerns about the potential for global environmental change to alter floodplain processes, necessitating revised management strategies that minimize flood risk while enhancing environmental attributes of floodplains influenced by local embankments and upstream dams. Recognition of the failure of old perspectives on river management and the need to enhance environmental sustainability has stimulated a new approach to river management. The manner that river restoration and integrated management are implemented, however, requires a case study approach that takes into account the impact of historic human impacts to the system, especially engineering. The river basins examined in this volume provide a representative coverage of the drainage of North America and Europe, taking into account a range of climatic and physiographic provinces. They include the 1) Sacramento (California, USA), 2) San Joaquin (California), 3) Missouri (Missouri, USA), 4) Red (Manitoba, Canada and Minnesota, USA), 5) Mississippi (Louisiana, USA), 6) Kissimmee (Florida, USA), 7) Ebro (Spain), 8) Rhone (France), 9) Rhine (Netherlands), 10) Danube (Romania), and 11) Volga (Russian Federation) Rivers. The case studies covered in these chapters span a range of fluvial modes of adjustment, including sediment, channel, hydrologic regime, floodplains, as well as ecosystem and environmental associations.
Mesoscale Meteorology In Midlatitudes
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Author : Paul Markowski
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2011-09-20
Mesoscale Meteorology In Midlatitudes written by Paul Markowski and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-09-20 with Science categories.
Mesoscale Meteorology in Mid-Latitudes presents the dynamics of mesoscale meteorological phenomena in a highly accessible, student-friendly manner. The book's clear mathematical treatments are complemented by high-quality photographs and illustrations. Comprehensive coverage of subjects including boundary layer mesoscale phenomena, orographic phenomena and deep convection is brought together with the latest developments in the field to provide an invaluable resource for mesoscale meteorology students. Mesoscale Meteorology in Mid-Latitudes functions as a comprehensive, easy-to-use undergraduate textbook while also providing a useful reference for graduate students, research scientists and weather industry professionals. Illustrated in full colour throughout Covers the latest developments and research in the field Comprehensive coverage of deep convection and its initiation Uses real life examples of phenomena taken from broad geographical areas to demonstrate the practical aspects of the science
Empirical Statistical Downscaling
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Author : Rasmus E. Benestad
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2008
Empirical Statistical Downscaling written by Rasmus E. Benestad and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Science categories.
Empirical-statistical downscaling (ESD) is a method for estimating how local climatic variables are affected by large-scale climatic conditions. ESD has been applied to local climate/weather studies for years, but there are few ? if any ? textbooks on the subject. It is also anticipated that ESD will become more important and commonplace in the future, as anthropogenic global warming proceeds. Thus, a textbook on ESD will be important for next-generation climate scientists.
Hydroclimatology
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Author : Marlyn L. Shelton
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2009
Hydroclimatology written by Marlyn L. Shelton and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Science categories.
A graduate textbook on the interdisciplinary significance of hydroclimatology, explaining the relationship between the climate system and the hydrologic cycle.
Next Generation Earth System Prediction
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Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2016-08-22
Next Generation Earth System Prediction written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-08-22 with Science categories.
As the nation's economic activities, security concerns, and stewardship of natural resources become increasingly complex and globally interrelated, they become ever more sensitive to adverse impacts from weather, climate, and other natural phenomena. For several decades, forecasts with lead times of a few days for weather and other environmental phenomena have yielded valuable information to improve decision-making across all sectors of society. Developing the capability to forecast environmental conditions and disruptive events several weeks and months in advance could dramatically increase the value and benefit of environmental predictions, saving lives, protecting property, increasing economic vitality, protecting the environment, and informing policy choices. Over the past decade, the ability to forecast weather and climate conditions on subseasonal to seasonal (S2S) timescales, i.e., two to fifty-two weeks in advance, has improved substantially. Although significant progress has been made, much work remains to make S2S predictions skillful enough, as well as optimally tailored and communicated, to enable widespread use. Next Generation Earth System Predictions presents a ten-year U.S. research agenda that increases the nation's S2S research and modeling capability, advances S2S forecasting, and aids in decision making at medium and extended lead times.
Climate Planetary And Evolutionary Sciences
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Author : Guido Visconti
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-04-14
Climate Planetary And Evolutionary Sciences written by Guido Visconti and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-04-14 with Science categories.
This book presents the result of an innovative challenge, to create a systematic literature overview driven by machine-generated content. Questions and related keywords were prepared for the machine to query, discover, collate and structure by Artificial Intelligence (AI) clustering. The AI-based approach seemed especially suitable to provide an innovative perspective as the topics are indeed both complex, interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary, for example, climate, planetary and evolution sciences. Springer Nature has published much on these topics in its journals over the years, so the challenge was for the machine to identify the most relevant content and present it in a structured way that the reader would find useful. The automatically generated literature summaries in this book are intended as a springboard to further discoverability. They are particularly useful to readers with limited time, looking to learn more about the subject quickly and especially if they are new to the topics. Springer Nature seeks to support anyone who needs a fast and effective start in their content discovery journey, from the undergraduate student exploring interdisciplinary content, to Master- or PhD-thesis developing research questions, to the practitioner seeking support materials, this book can serve as an inspiration, to name a few examples. It is important to us as a publisher to make the advances in technology easily accessible to our authors and find new ways of AI-based author services that allow human-machine interaction to generate readable, usable, collated, research content.