Understanding Nicotine And Tobacco Addiction
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Understanding Nicotine And Tobacco Addiction
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Author : Gregory R. Bock
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2006-06-14
Understanding Nicotine And Tobacco Addiction written by Gregory R. Bock and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-06-14 with Medical categories.
Cigarette smoking is estimated to lead to 4.9 million premature deaths per year worldwide. This is predicted to rise to 10 million by 2020. In western countries it kills half of all smokers who fail to stop. The prevailing model for tobacco addiction is that nicotine from cigarettes rewards smoking and punishes abstinence, tapping into a motivational system of operant conditioning that requires no conscious awareness. However, there are also accounts which involve cognitive biases and the effect of nicotine on impulse control. The brain pathways involved have been studied extensively, but the role of different nicotine receptor subtypes and other neurotransmitter systems is still subject to debate. In western countries, cigarette smoking as an adult has a heritability of 30-50% and candidate genes have been identified that may contribute in part to addiction susceptibility. Many socio-cultural correlates of cigarette smoking have been established, but a comprehensive model that accounts for these and links them with the psychobiological aspects of nicotine addiction has not been forthcoming. Structured behavioural support programmes aid cessation attempts, as do a number of pharmacotherapies, most notably nicotine replacement treatments and bupropion, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. This book deals with the problems involved in understanding and treating nicotine and tobacco addiction. Topics covered include the nature of the worldwide health problem posed by cigarette smoking, the psychodynamics of cigarette addiction, and the basic pharmacology and biochemistry of nicotine and its effect on the brain. Further chapters analyse the genetic basis of susceptibility to nicotine addiction. Finally, the contributors address approaches to therapy. A continuing theme in the discussions throughout the book is how best to treat nicotine addiction, given that many smokers would like to stop smoking but are unable to do so because of their addiction. This book will be of great value to all psychologists and psychiatrists working on addiction, specifically to nicotine but also to other compounds and behaviours. It will also be of interest to neuroscientists and pharmacologists working on nicotine receptors and the brain pathways involved in dependence, as well as to biochemists, molecular biologist and to public health officials.
How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Government publications categories.
This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.
Growing Up Tobacco Free
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Author : Institute of Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 1994-02-01
Growing Up Tobacco Free written by Institute of Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994-02-01 with Medical categories.
Tobacco use kills more people than any other addiction and we know that addiction starts in childhood and youth. We all agree that youths should not smoke, but how can this be accomplished? What prevention messages will they find compelling? What effect does tobacco advertisingâ€"more than $10 million worth every dayâ€"have on youths? Can we responsibly and effectively restrict their access to tobacco products? These questions and more are addressed in Growing Up Tobacco Free, prepared by the Institute of Medicine to help everyone understand the troubling issues surrounding youths and tobacco use. Growing Up Tobacco Free provides a readable explanation of nicotine's effects and the process of addiction, and documents the search for an effective approach to preventing the use of cigarettes, chewing and spitting tobacco, and snuff by children and youths. It covers the results of recent initiatives to limit young people's access to tobacco and discusses approaches to controls or bans on tobacco sales, price sensitivity among adolescents, and arguments for and against taxation as a prevention strategy for tobacco use. The controversial area of tobacco advertising is thoroughly examined. With clear guidelines for public action, everyone can benefit by reading and acting on the messages in this comprehensive and compelling book.
Nicotine Addiction
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Author : C. Tracy Orleans
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 1993
Nicotine Addiction written by C. Tracy Orleans and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Nicotine categories.
Despite persistent warnings from the medical profession about the health risks involved in cigarette smoking, millions of people continue to smoke cigarettes. With contributions from renowned experts, this ground-breaking work defines and explains nicotine addiction as a primary problem or disease, instead of as a habit or risk factor for other diseases. A comprehensive, clinical text on tobacco dependence, this book provides clinicians with essential information on how to diagnose and treat nicotine addicted patients. It also offers the medical, epidemiological and behavioral science backgrounds necessary for understanding the process and dynamics of tobacco dependence. Following the traditional format of medical texts, the book first covers etiology, pathogenesis and complications, then diagnosis and treatment, and finally public health and prevention. Part One presents an overview of the biological, psychological and social factors that contribute to nicotine dependence including such topics as a description of nicotine delivery systems, psychopharmacology, economics, natural history and epidemiology, mortality, morbidity, and environmental tobacco smoke exposure. The second part offers practical guidelines and tools for treating nicotine dependence and describes a stepped-care treatment model with brief interventions that can be easily integrated into routine medical practice. This section also covers the role of psychopharmacologic and formal treatment programs, the treatment of smokeless tobacco addiction, and treating nicotine dependence in pregnant women and in people with medical illnesses, other chemical dependencies, or psychiatric disorders. The last section focuses on worksite and community intervention programs and summarizes the research on smoking patterns and history in women, Blacks, Hispanics, youth, and older adults, and shows how intervention and prevention programs could be made more effective in these groups. Written by the nation's leading tobacco control researchers and clinicians, this important work contains new and critical information not previously available.
Negative Affective States And Cognitive Impairments In Nicotine Dependence
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Author : F. Scott Hall
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2016-08-17
Negative Affective States And Cognitive Impairments In Nicotine Dependence written by F. Scott Hall and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-08-17 with Medical categories.
Negative Affective States and Cognitive Impairments in Nicotine Dependence is the only book of its kind that addresses nicotine use and abuse in the context of negative reinforcement mechanisms. Written and edited by leading investigators in addiction, affective, genetic, and cognitive research, it provides researchers and advanced students with an overview of the clinical bases of these effects, allowing them to fully understand the various underlying dysfunctions that drive nicotine use in different individuals. In addition, this book examines animal models that researchers have utilized to investigate the biological bases of these dysfunctions. The combination of clinical and preclinical approaches to understanding nicotine dependence makes this book an invaluable resource for researchers and practitioners seeking to develop targeted treatments aimed at ameliorating symptoms of nicotine dependence, as well as identifying premorbid differences in affective or cognitive function. Provides a unique perspective on nicotine dependence that emphasizes negative reinforcement rather than positive reinforcement Examines psychiatric comorbidities and alleviation of withdrawal states as motivation for continued tobacco use Includes both clinical and preclinical perspectives Includes genetic and multi-neurotransmitter perspectives on nicotine use and withdrawal Emphasizes heterogeneity of underlying reasons for smoking, the need for multiple animal models to understand this heterogeneity, and the expectation of heterogeneous responses to potential treatments, underscoring the need for personalized therapeutics
Dying To Quit
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Author : Janet Brigham
language : en
Publisher: Joseph Henry Press
Release Date : 1998-06-19
Dying To Quit written by Janet Brigham and has been published by Joseph Henry Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998-06-19 with Science categories.
Historians and scientists a few millennia from now are likely to see tobacco as one of the major bafflements of our time, suggests Janet Brigham. Why do we smoke so much, even when we know that tobacco kills more than a million of us a year? Two decades ago, smoking was on the decline in the United States. Now the decline has flattened, and smoking appears to be increasing, most ominously among young people. Cigar smoking is on the rise. Data from a generation of young smokers indicate that many of them want to quit but have no access to effective treatment. Dying to Quit features the real-life smoking day of a young woman who plans to quitâ€"again. Her comments take readers inside her love/hate relationship with tobacco. In everyday language, the book reveals the complex psychological and scientific issues behind the news headlines about tobacco regulations, lawsuits and settlements, and breaking scientific news. What is addiction? Is there such a thing as an addictive personality? What does nicotine do to the body? How does it affect the brain? Why do people stand in subzero temperatures outside office buildings to smoke cigarettes? What is the impact of carefully crafted advertisements and marketing strategies? Why do people who are depressed tend to smoke more? What is the biology behind these common links? These and many fundamental questions are explored drawing on the latest findings from the world's best addictions laboratories. Want to quit? Brigham takes us shopping in the marketplace of gizmos and gadgets designed to help people stop smoking, from wristwatch-like monitors to the lettuce cigarette. She presents the bad news and the not-so-bad news about smoking cessation, including the truth about withdrawal symptoms and weight gain. And she summarizes authoritative findings and recommendations about what actually works in quitting smoking. By training a behavioral scientistâ€"by gift a writing talentâ€"Brigham helps readers understand what people feel when they use tobacco or when they quit. At a time when tobacco smoke has filled nearly every corner of the earth and public confusion grows amid strident claims and counterclaims in the media, Dying to Quit clears the air with dispassion toward facts and compassion toward smokers. This book invites readers on a fascinating journey through the world of tobacco use and points the way toward help for smokers who want to quit. Janet Brigham, Ph.D., is a research psychologist with SRI International in Menlo Park, California, where she studies tobacco use. A former journalist and editor, she has conducted substance use research at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, the National Institute on Drug Abuse, and the University of Pittsburgh
The Motivational Impact Of Nicotine And Its Role In Tobacco Use
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Author : Rick A. Bevins
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2008-12-15
The Motivational Impact Of Nicotine And Its Role In Tobacco Use written by Rick A. Bevins and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-12-15 with Psychology categories.
More and more scientists are applying the concepts of motivation and related constructs to modify the behavior of drug-addicted and dependent people. Here, authors discuss effective ‘translational’ strategies for decreasing and preventing tobacco use.
Helping People To Give Up Smoking Can Be Easy
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Author : Fabio Lugoboni
language : en
Publisher: SEEd
Release Date : 2012-10-08
Helping People To Give Up Smoking Can Be Easy written by Fabio Lugoboni and has been published by SEEd this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-10-08 with Self-Help categories.
Why is it so difficult to quit smoking? Often the main obstacle is the fear of failing. The situation is no different for health professionals, especially doctors. They too often stop because of their fear of failure, or get discouraged, thinking they might not have the skills to help people quit smoking. Yet encourage and support patients to stop smoking is one of the primary tasks of the doctor, as you can well understand the harmful consequences of smoking on health. Moreover, the treatment of smoking is not complicated, if you have some basic skills: pharmacologic treatment, patient-doctor communication and motivational interviewing. This book comes from daily practice. The author explains in a very direct way the art of "tobaccology", with simulated examples and useful tricks. Current and relevant data on epidemiology, neurobiology of addiction, risks, comorbidity and treatment are then provided.
Smoking Addiction
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Author : Martin Zelder
language : en
Publisher: Freegulls Publishing House
Release Date :
Smoking Addiction written by Martin Zelder and has been published by Freegulls Publishing House this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with Self-Help categories.
Smoking is a complex addiction that affects millions of people worldwide. Despite the well-known health risks, quitting can be an incredibly challenging endeavor. This book is designed to provide you with the knowledge, strategies, and support you need to break free from the grip of smoking addiction. Understanding the science behind addiction and the effects of smoking on your body and mind is the first step toward successful cessation. Whether you've been smoking for years or have recently started, it's never too late to quit. By taking the time to educate yourself and develop a personalized quitting plan, you can significantly increase your chances of success. So, let's embark on this journey together and discover how to quit smoking the easy way, one simple step at a time.
Nicotine Addiction In Britain
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Author : Royal College of Physicians of London. Tobacco Advisory Group
language : en
Publisher: Royal College of Physicians
Release Date : 2000
Nicotine Addiction In Britain written by Royal College of Physicians of London. Tobacco Advisory Group and has been published by Royal College of Physicians this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Science categories.