Understanding Past Climates
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Understanding Earth S Deep Past
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2011-09-02
Understanding Earth S Deep Past written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-09-02 with Science categories.
There is little dispute within the scientific community that humans are changing Earth's climate on a decadal to century time-scale. By the end of this century, without a reduction in emissions, atmospheric CO2 is projected to increase to levels that Earth has not experienced for more than 30 million years. As greenhouse gas emissions propel Earth toward a warmer climate state, an improved understanding of climate dynamics in warm environments is needed to inform public policy decisions. In Understanding Earth's Deep Past, the National Research Council reports that rocks and sediments that are millions of years old hold clues to how the Earth's future climate would respond in an environment with high levels of atmospheric greenhouse gases. Understanding Earth's Deep Past provides an assessment of both the demonstrated and underdeveloped potential of the deep-time geologic record to inform us about the dynamics of the global climate system. The report describes past climate changes, and discusses potential impacts of high levels of atmospheric greenhouse gases on regional climates, water resources, marine and terrestrial ecosystems, and the cycling of life-sustaining elements. While revealing gaps in scientific knowledge of past climate states, the report highlights a range of high priority research issues with potential for major advances in the scientific understanding of climate processes. This proposed integrated, deep-time climate research program would study how climate responded over Earth's different climate states, examine how climate responds to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, and clarify the processes that lead to anomalously warm polar and tropical regions and the impact on marine and terrestrial life. In addition to outlining a research agenda, Understanding Earth's Deep Past proposes an implementation strategy that will be an invaluable resource to decision-makers in the field, as well as the research community, advocacy organizations, government agencies, and college professors and students.
Understanding Earth S Deep Past
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Author : National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on the Importance of Deep-Time Geologic Records for Understanding Climate Change Impacts
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Understanding Earth S Deep Past written by National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on the Importance of Deep-Time Geologic Records for Understanding Climate Change Impacts and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Climatic changes categories.
There is little dispute within the scientific community that humans are changing Earth's climate on a decadal to century time-scale. By the end of this century, without a reduction in emissions, atmospheric CO2 is projected to increase to levels that Earth has not experienced for more than 30 million years. As greenhouse gas emissions propel Earth toward a warmer climate state, an improved understanding of climate dynamics in warm environments is needed to inform public policy decisions. In Understanding Earth's Deep Past, the National Research Council reports that rocks and sediments that are millions of years old hold clues to how the Earth's future climate would respond in an environment with high levels of atmospheric greenhouse gases. Understanding Earth's Deep Past provides an assessment of both the demonstrated and underdeveloped potential of the deep-time geologic record to inform us about the dynamics of the global climate system. The report describes past climate changes, and discusses potential impacts of high levels of atmospheric greenhouse gases on regional climates, water resources, marine and terrestrial ecosystems, and the cycling of life-sustaining elements. While revealing gaps in scientific knowledge of past climate states, the report highlights a range of high priority research issues with potential for major advances in the scientific understanding of climate processes. This proposed integrated, deep-time climate research program would study how climate responded over Earth's different climate states, examine how climate responds to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, and clarify the processes that lead to anomalously warm polar and tropical regions and the impact on marine and terrestrial life. In addition to outlining a research agenda, Understanding Earth's Deep Past proposes an implementation strategy that will be an invaluable resource to decision-makers in the field, as well as the research community, advocacy organizations, government agencies, and college professors and students. (National Academies Press website 5/16/2011).
Understanding Past Climates
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Author : P. Valdes
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
Understanding Past Climates written by P. Valdes and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Science categories.
Computer Climate Models are essential tools for understanding environmental change but the results of modelling exercises are seldom accessible to the wider community of teachers and researchers on their desktop machines. This CD ROM presents the results of a series of simulations of global climate for the Carboniferous (300Ma) through the Mesozoic (150, 95 and 70Ma), Tertiary (55 and 15Ma) and Quaternary (115, 21 and 6Ka) to Present Day and enhanced greenhouse effect simulations.
Paleoclimates
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Author : Thomas M. Cronin
language : en
Publisher: Columbia University Press
Release Date : 2009-11-09
Paleoclimates written by Thomas M. Cronin and has been published by Columbia University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-11-09 with Science categories.
The field of paleoclimatology relies on physical, chemical, and biological proxies of past climate changes that have been preserved in natural archives such as glacial ice, tree rings, sediments, corals, and speleothems. Paleoclimate archives obtained through field investigations, ocean sediment coring expeditions, ice sheet coring programs, and other projects allow scientists to reconstruct climate change over much of earth's history. When combined with computer model simulations, paleoclimatic reconstructions are used to test hypotheses about the causes of climatic change, such as greenhouse gases, solar variability, earth's orbital variations, and hydrological, oceanic, and tectonic processes. This book is a comprehensive, state-of-the art synthesis of paleoclimate research covering all geological timescales, emphasizing topics that shed light on modern trends in the earth's climate. Thomas M. Cronin discusses recent discoveries about past periods of global warmth, changes in atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations, abrupt climate and sea-level change, natural temperature variability, and other topics directly relevant to controversies over the causes and impacts of climate change. This text is geared toward advanced undergraduate and graduate students and researchers in geology, geography, biology, glaciology, oceanography, atmospheric sciences, and climate modeling, fields that contribute to paleoclimatology. This volume can also serve as a reference for those requiring a general background on natural climate variability.
Earth S Climate
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Author : William Ruddiman
language : en
Publisher: WH Freeman
Release Date : 2013-10-01
Earth S Climate written by William Ruddiman and has been published by WH Freeman this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-01 with Science categories.
At a time when the evidence is stronger than ever that human activity is the primary cause for global climate change, Ruddiman's breakthrough text returns in a thoroughly updated new edition. It offers a clear, engaging, objective portrait of the current state of climate science, including compelling recent findings on anthropogenic global warming and important advances in understanding past climates.
Understanding Climatic Change
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Author : United States Committee for the Global Atmospheric Research Program
language : en
Publisher: Grand River Publishing
Release Date : 1980
Understanding Climatic Change written by United States Committee for the Global Atmospheric Research Program and has been published by Grand River Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1980 with Climatic changes categories.
Climate And History
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Author : T. M. L. Wigley
language : en
Publisher: CUP Archive
Release Date : 1985-10-17
Climate And History written by T. M. L. Wigley and has been published by CUP Archive this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1985-10-17 with History categories.
This highly successful book is a collection of twenty papers, specially written by research workers in the many relevant disciplines. First published in 1985, it was the first major survey of both the methodology of climatic reconstruction and the problem of climate/history interactions, and embodies the results of fruitful co-operation between historians, archaeologists and scientists. It discusses: the climatic information obtainable from the study of chemical isotopes, glaciers, pollen remains, tree rings, archaeological materials and documentary sources; the theoretical and methodological problems involved in assessing the impact of climate and climatic change on past societies; and provides a series of case studies arguing for or against the importance of climatic factors in human affairs in specific economic, social and cultural contexts.
Improved Understanding Of Past Climatic Variability From Early Daily European Instrumental Sources
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Author : Dario Camuffo
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Improved Understanding Of Past Climatic Variability From Early Daily European Instrumental Sources written by Dario Camuffo and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Climate can be defined as an ensemble of many weather phenomena. Clima tologists often use the mean (conventionally the monthly and annual mean) of weather-related parameters to describe climate. The mean value, however, is not all the climate. Climatic changes might occur if certain aspects of the distribution of extreme values change, while the mean does not. Katz and Brown (1992), for example, show from a theoretical viewpoint that in a changing climate, extreme values are determined more by changes in variability than changes in the mean. Possible changes in extreme event frequency receive considerable attention along with the global warming, because extremes directly impact human society and the economy. For most societally sensitive extremes and related changes in their vari ability, an analysis based on daily data becomes necessary. This paper considers two aspects (relative and absolute values) of extreme temperatures on a daily basis. We do not consider spells of extreme days, periods which will likely have greater socio-economic and health impacts (Kalkstein et al., 1996; Wagner, 1999), than individual extreme days.
Climate And History Studies In Past Climates And Their Impact On Man
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Author : Tom M. L. Wigley
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1985
Climate And History Studies In Past Climates And Their Impact On Man written by Tom M. L. Wigley and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1985 with Climatic changes categories.
Ice Mud And Blood
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Author : Chris Turney
language : en
Publisher: Macmillan
Release Date : 2008-05-27
Ice Mud And Blood written by Chris Turney and has been published by Macmillan this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-05-27 with Nature categories.
Imagine a world of wildly escalating temperatures, apocalyptic flooding, devastating storms and catastrophic sea levels. This might sound like a prediction for the future or the storyline of a new Hollywood blockbuster but it’s actually what occurred on earth in the past. In a day and age when worrying forecasts for future climate change are the norm, it seems hard to believe that such things happened regularly over time. Can humankind decipher the past and learn from it? As science gains new understanding of how the planet works, it’s becoming increasingly clear that no one place is disconnected from anywhere else. From the Alps to the Andes, seemingly unrelated parts of the world are connected in one way or another. By reading this book you’ll realize that we're facing challenges beyond anything our species has had to contend with before.