Unemployment Capital Labor Substitution And Economic Growth
DOWNLOAD
FREE 30 Days
Download Unemployment Capital Labor Substitution And Economic Growth PDF/ePub or read online books in Mobi eBooks. Click Download or Read Online button to get Unemployment Capital Labor Substitution And Economic Growth book now. This website allows unlimited access to, at the time of writing, more than 1.5 million titles, including hundreds of thousands of titles in various foreign languages. If the content not found or just blank you must refresh this page
Unemployment Capital Labor Substitution And Economic Growth
DOWNLOAD
FREE 30 Days
Author : Mr.Bob Rowthorn
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 1999-03-01
Unemployment Capital Labor Substitution And Economic Growth written by Mr.Bob Rowthorn and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-03-01 with Business & Economics categories.
This paper discusses the influence of economic growth on the equilibrium unemployment rate (NAIRU). It examines how income distribution and the NAIRU are influenced by capital formation, technical progress, and labor force expansion, and how these factors’ impact depends on the elasticity of substitution between capital and labor. The paper distinguishes between the short-run NAIRU when capital stock is exogenous, and the long-run NAIRU when it is endogenous. It also considers how the analysis must be modified to take into account Keynesian ideas concerning the role of aggregate demand. It concludes that unless the capital stock grows in line with labor supply in efficiency units, the short-run NAIRU will increase, reducing the scope for demand stimulation.
Technological Progress Income Distribution And Unemployment
DOWNLOAD
FREE 30 Days
Author : Hideyuki Adachi
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-01-04
Technological Progress Income Distribution And Unemployment written by Hideyuki Adachi and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-04 with Business & Economics categories.
This volume develops original methods of analyzing biased technological progress in the theory and empirics of economic growth and income distribution. Motivated by sharp increases in wage and income inequalities in the world since the beginning of the new century, many macroeconomists have begun to realize the importance of biased technological changes. However, the comprehensive explanations have not yet appeared. This volume analyzes the effects of factor-biased technological progress on growth and income distribution and shows that long-run trends of the capital-income ratio and capital share of income consistent with Piketty’s 2014 empirical results emerge. Incorporating the modified version of induced innovation theory into the standard neoclassical growth model, it also explains the long-run fluctuations of growth and income distribution consistent with the data shown in Piketty. Introducing a wage-setting function, the neoclassical growth model is modified to account for unemployment as well as to examine the dynamics of unemployment and the labor share of income under biased technological progress. Applying a new econometric method to Japanese industrial data, the authors test the key assumptions employed and important results derived in the theoretical part of this book.
Revisiting European Unemployment
DOWNLOAD
FREE 30 Days
Author : Olivier J. Blanchard
language : en
Publisher: Economic and Social Reseach Institute (ESRI)
Release Date : 1998
Revisiting European Unemployment written by Olivier J. Blanchard and has been published by Economic and Social Reseach Institute (ESRI) this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Business & Economics categories.
Abstract: This paper starts from two sets of facts about Continental Europe. The first is the steady increase in unemployment since the early 1970s. The second is the evolution of the capital share, an initial decline in the 1970s, followed by a much larger increase since the mid-1980s. The paper then develops a model of capital accumulation, unemployment and factor prices. Using this model to look at the data, it reaches two main conclusions: The initial increase in unemployment, from the mid-1970s to the mid-1980s, was mostly due to a failure of wages to adjust to the slowdown in underlying factor productivity growth. The initial effect was to decrease profit rates and capital shares. Over time, the reaction of firms was to reduce capital accumulation and move away from labor, leading to a steady increase in unemployment, and a recovery of the capital share. The reason why wage moderation, clearly evident in the data since the mid-1980s, has not led to a decrease in unemployment is that another type of shift has been at work, this time on the labor demand side. At a given wage and a given capital stock firms have steadily decreased employment. The effect of this adverse shift in labor demand has been to lead to both continued high unemployment, and increasing capital shares. What lies behind this shift in labor demand? There are two potential lines of explanation. The first is shifts in the distribution of rents away from workers, for example, the elimination of chronic excess employment by firms. The second explanation points to technological bias: firms in Continental Europe are introducing technologies biased against labor and towards capital.
Unemployment Market Structure And Growth
DOWNLOAD
FREE 30 Days
Author : Rüdiger Wapler
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Unemployment Market Structure And Growth written by Rüdiger Wapler and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Business & Economics categories.
In his Ph. D. thesis, Rudiger Wapler analyses the causes of the persistently high unemployment rates especially in continental Europe. Particular emphasis is placed on imperfect labour and product markets on the one hand, and on the numerous links between unemployment, innovations and growth on the other. Hence, Rudiger Wapler provides an important contribution towards a better understanding of both the development of labour markets as well as the dynamics of growth. To aid readers with only little prior knowledge of labour markets, the book presents the most common theories of unemployment: (1) trade-union models in which union bargaining power leads to wages above their market-clearing level, (2) efficiency-wage models in which employers voluntarily pay higher wages in order to motivate or discipline their workers or to reduce the job turnover rate, as well as (3) matching models in which unemployment is caused by the continuous turnover of jobs and workers. In addition, emphasis is placed on the fact that labour needs to be treated as heterogeneous, a fact often neg lected in the literature. Subsequently, these labour-market foundations are integrated with modern theories of innovations and growth, making the ap proach much more relevant and plausible. Without doubt, the generalisations of the models performed by Rudiger Wapler show that there are limits to such formal analysis. Due to the increasing number of interdependencies, it is doubtful whether even more complex models provide additional (usable) insights.
Jobless Growth
DOWNLOAD
FREE 30 Days
Author : Ricardo J. Caballero
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997
Jobless Growth written by Ricardo J. Caballero and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Appropriate technology categories.
A central determinant of the political economy of capital-labor relations is the appropriability of specific quasi-rents." This paper is concerned with the general-equilibrium interaction of appropriability and characteristics of technology namely, the embodiment of technology in capital and capital-labor substitutability in the technological menu. Technological embodiment means that the supply of capital is effectively much less elastic in the short than in the long run, and is therefore more exposed to appropriability; technology choice implies that an attempt at appropriating capital will induce a substitution away from labor in the long run, and constitutes a mechanism to thwart appropriation. Shifts in European labor relations in the last three decades offer a good laboratory to explore the empirical relevance of those mechanisms. The evolution of the labor share, the profit rate, the capital/output ratio, and unemployment which we examine more particularly in the case of France appears highly supportive
Debt Investment And Growth In Developing Countries With Segmented Labor Markets
DOWNLOAD
FREE 30 Days
Author : Mr.Edward F Buffie
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2020-06-19
Debt Investment And Growth In Developing Countries With Segmented Labor Markets written by Mr.Edward F Buffie and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-06-19 with Business & Economics categories.
We introduce a new suite of macroeconomic models that extend and complement the Debt, Investment, and Growth (DIG) model widely used at the IMF since 2012. The new DIG-Labor models feature segmented labor markets, efficiency wages and open unemployment, and an informal non-agricultural sector. These features allow for a deeper examination of macroeconomic and fiscal policy programs and their impact on labor market outcomes, inequality, and poverty. The paper illustrates the model's properties by analyzing the growth, debt, and distributional consequences of big-push public investment programs with different mixes of investment in human capital and infrastructure. We show that investment in human capital is much more effective than investment in infrastructure in promoting long-run economic development when investments earn their average estimated returns. The decision about how much to invest in human capital versus infrastructure involves, however, an acute intertemporal trade-off. Because investment in education affects labor productivity with a long lag, it takes 15+ years before net national income, the private capital stock, real wages for the poor, and formal sector employment surpass their counterparts in a program that invests mainly in infrastructure. The ranking of alternative investment programs depends on the policymakers' social discount rate and on the weight of distributional objectives in the social welfare function.
Conquering Unemployment
DOWNLOAD
FREE 30 Days
Author : Jon Shields
language : en
Publisher: A&C Black
Release Date : 1989
Conquering Unemployment written by Jon Shields and has been published by A&C Black this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Business & Economics categories.
The Causes Of Unemployment
DOWNLOAD
FREE 30 Days
Author : C. A. Greenhalgh
language : en
Publisher: Oxford ; New York : Clarendon Press
Release Date : 1983
The Causes Of Unemployment written by C. A. Greenhalgh and has been published by Oxford ; New York : Clarendon Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1983 with Business & Economics categories.
First published in 'The Review of Economic Studies' and 'Oxford Economic Papers', these essays consider the natural rate of unemployment, and attempt to explain its determinants within different frameworks.
Regional Growth And Unemployment In The United Kingdom
DOWNLOAD
FREE 30 Days
Author : R. J. Dixon
language : en
Publisher: London : Macmillan
Release Date : 1975
Regional Growth And Unemployment In The United Kingdom written by R. J. Dixon and has been published by London : Macmillan this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1975 with Business & Economics categories.
Monograph of economic analysis on regional level economic growth and unemployment in the UK - discusses regional industrial structure and location of industry patterns, relative costs as determinants of changes in patterns, types and determinants of frictional unemployment and structural unemployment, productivity growth, etc., and presents an economic model of regional growth. Graphs, references and statistical tables.
Education Unemployment And Economic Growth
DOWNLOAD
FREE 30 Days
Author : Alan L. Sorkin
language : en
Publisher: Lexington, Mass. : Lexington Books
Release Date : 1974
Education Unemployment And Economic Growth written by Alan L. Sorkin and has been published by Lexington, Mass. : Lexington Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1974 with Business & Economics categories.
Economic research monograph on the relationship between education, unemployment and economic growth in the USA - presents an overview of the American labour force force, covers the geographic distribution and population distribution of unemployment, labour market factors, some vocational training programmes to alleviate unemployment among low income groups, etc., and includes short term projections for 1980. References and statistical tables.