Unraveling Neuroprotective And Neurodegenerative Signals In Neurodegeneration
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Unraveling Neuroprotective And Neurodegenerative Signals In Neurodegeneration
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Author : Irving E. Vega
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2016-09-15
Unraveling Neuroprotective And Neurodegenerative Signals In Neurodegeneration written by Irving E. Vega and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-09-15 with Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry categories.
Proteinopathy is a collective term used to classified neurodegenerative diseases associated with the progressive accumulation of toxic protein molecules in specific brain regions. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a well-known proteinopathy characterize by the accumulation of A peptides and tau proteins. The accumulation of these toxic molecules in the brain starts many years before any clinical presentation, being the onset in the range of 65 to 72 years of age. Therefore, age is considered a risk factor due, in part, to the loss of molecular competence to clear the brain from these toxic protein molecules. This fact, supported by years of research, demonstrates that brain cells activate a neuroprotective mechanism upon detection of a pathobiological signal that (if the detrimental conditions persist) precedes the activation of the neurodegeneration pathway. The progressive brain region specific neuronal death in neurodegenerative diseases also indicates that the transition from neuroprotection to neurodegeneration is individually triggered in cells of the affected brain region. Thus, molecular understanding of the pathophysiology associated with proteinopathies needs to take in consideration this intricate transition process, especially when genomics and proteomics approaches are used.
Unraveling Neuroprotective And Neurodegenerative Signals In Neurodegeneration
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Unraveling Neuroprotective And Neurodegenerative Signals In Neurodegeneration written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
Proteinopathy is a collective term used to classified neurodegenerative diseases associated with the progressive accumulation of toxic protein molecules in specific brain regions. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a well-known proteinopathy characterize by the accumulation of A peptides and tau proteins. The accumulation of these toxic molecules in the brain starts many years before any clinical presentation, being the onset in the range of 65 to 72 years of age. Therefore, age is considered a risk factor due, in part, to the loss of molecular competence to clear the brain from these toxic protein molecules. This fact, supported by years of research, demonstrates that brain cells activate a neuroprotective mechanism upon detection of a pathobiological signal that (if the detrimental conditions persist) precedes the activation of the neurodegeneration pathway. The progressive brain region specific neuronal death in neurodegenerative diseases also indicates that the transition from neuroprotection to neurodegeneration is individually triggered in cells of the affected brain region. Thus, molecular understanding of the pathophysiology associated with proteinopathies needs to take in consideration this intricate transition process, especially when genomics and proteomics approaches are used. Research directed to understand the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases uncovered the putative role of different molecular mechanisms associated with neurodegeneration. Among the molecular mechanisms identified are proteolysis, epigenetics, microRNA, transcriptional regulation, innate and adaptive immune system, phagocytosis and autophagocytosis, exo/endocytosis, unfolded protein response, cytoskeleton defects, unregulated signaling molecules (i.e. kinases and phosphatases), trafficking molecules, cell cycle, neurogenesis/neurodevelopment, among others. Interestingly, all these molecular mechanisms have been identified through the analysis of tissue from animal models or human post-mortem pathologically confirmed cases, but their specific role in neurodegeneration is still unclear. Thus, it is plausible to consider that all these pathways play a role at a particular phase of the neurodegeneration process or, simply, are drive by the agonal state of the tissue examined. Hence, an important conundrum that researchers face today is the use of heterogeneous brain tissue samples in the quest to identify biomarkers associated with the pathogenesis or pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases. At this junction of the neurodegeneration field, this research topic aim to critically assess the current literature on molecular mechanisms associated with neurodegeneration and the approaches used to dissect their putative pathophysiological role. The studies could include the interplay between neuroprotective and neurodegenerative signals in neurodegeneration, dissecting the molecular role of identified biomarkers, bioinformatics tools that facilitate data mining, dissecting pathways or molecular mechanisms, stages of protein aggregation (oligomers vs tangles; who did it?), aging brain and brain fitness (A natural selection process), adaptive protein response to environmental insults and cellular signals, expression profile associated with neurological disorders and health. Therefore, this Research Topic is expected to cover a wide range of subjects related to unravel the interplay between neuroprotective and neurodegenerative signals in neurodegeneration.
The Truth In Complexes Why Unraveling Ion Channel Multi Protein Signaling Nexuses Is Critical For Understanding The Function Of The Nervous System
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Author : Leigh Anne Swayne
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2015-04-15
The Truth In Complexes Why Unraveling Ion Channel Multi Protein Signaling Nexuses Is Critical For Understanding The Function Of The Nervous System written by Leigh Anne Swayne and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-04-15 with Ion channels categories.
In the search for simple explanations of the natural world, its complicated textures are often filed down to a smoothened surface of our liking. The impetus for this Research Topic was borne out of a need to re-ignite interest in the complex – in this case in the context of ion channels in the nervous system. Ion channels are the large proteins that form regulated pores in the membranes of cells and, in the brain, are essential for the transfer, processing and storage of information. These pores full of twists and turns themselves are not just barren bridges into cells. More and more we are beginning to understand that ion channels are like bustling medieval bridges (packed with apartments and shops) rather than the more sleek modern variety – they are dynamic hubs connected with many structures facilitating associated activities. Our understanding of these networks continues to expand as our investigative tools advance. Together these articles highlight how the complexity of ion channel signaling nexuses is critical to the proper functioning of the nervous system.
Microglial Polarization In The Pathogenesis And Therapeutics Of Neurodegenerative Diseases
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Author : Yu Tang
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2018
Microglial Polarization In The Pathogenesis And Therapeutics Of Neurodegenerative Diseases written by Yu Tang and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation is one of the shared prominent hallmarks among various forms of neurodegeneration. Depending on the milieu in which microglia become activated, the polarization of microglia shows to be heterogeneous with diverse functional phenotypes that range from pro-inflammatory phenotypes to immunosuppressive phenotypes. Therefore, targeting microglial polarization holds great promise for the treatment of neurodegeneration. This eBook focuses on the potential mechanisms of microglial polarization that are critically associated with a broad spectrum of neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson’s disease (PD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Huntington’s disease (HD), Traumatic brain injury (TBI), glaucomatous neurodegeneration and prion diseases. This topic also involves the therapeutic targeting of microglial polarization by nutritional and pharmacological modulators. Moreover, this topic describes advanced technologies employed for studying microglia. Age-related changes in microglia functions are also discussed. Overall, this eBook provides comprehensive understandings of microglial polarization in the course of neurodegeneration, linking with aging-related microglial alterations and technologies developed for microglial studies. Hopefully, it will also give comprehensive insights into various aspects of therapeutic treatment for neurodegeneration, through targeting microglial polarization.
Behavioral Neurology Neuropsychiatry
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Author : David B. Arciniegas
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2013-01-24
Behavioral Neurology Neuropsychiatry written by David B. Arciniegas and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-01-24 with Medical categories.
The merger of behavioral neurology and neuropsychiatry into a single medical subspecialty, Behavioral Neurology & Neuropsychiatry, requires an understanding of brain-behavior relationships and a clinical approach that transcends the traditional perspectives of neurology and psychiatry. Designed as a primer of concepts and principles, and authored by a multidisciplinary group of internationally known clinical neuroscientists, this book divides into three sections: • Structural and Functional Neuroanatomy (Section I) addresses the neuroanatomy and phenomenology of cognition, emotion, and behavior • Clinical Assessment (Section II) describes neuropsychiatric history taking, neurological and mental status examinations, neuropsychological assessment, and neuroimaging, electrophysiologic, and laboratory methods • Treatment (Section III) discusses environmental, behavioral, rehabilitative, psychological, social, pharmacological, and procedural interventions for cognitive, emotional, and behavioral disorders. By emphasizing the principles of Behavioral Neurology & Neuropsychiatry, this book will improve your understanding of brain-behavior relationships and inform your care of patients and families affected by neurobehavioral disorders.
Neurological Harmony Unraveling The Complexities Of Brain Atrophy And Health
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Author : Dr. Spineanu Eugenia
language : en
Publisher: Dr. Spineanu Eugenia
Release Date : 2024-12-06
Neurological Harmony Unraveling The Complexities Of Brain Atrophy And Health written by Dr. Spineanu Eugenia and has been published by Dr. Spineanu Eugenia this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-12-06 with Medical categories.
What causes the brain to shrink and lose its capabilities over time? Brain Atrophy: Exploring the Complexities of Neural Degeneration unveils the mechanisms, risk factors, and scientific advancements shaping our understanding of this critical neurological phenomenon. CLEAR OVERVIEW OF BRAIN ATROPHY: Understand its causes, from aging and neurodegenerative diseases to trauma and vascular issues. CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS EXPLAINED: Dive into apoptosis, protein misfolding, neuroinflammation, and the intricate role of genetics. DETAILED DIAGNOSIS AND IMAGING METHODS: Learn how MRI, CT, and PET scans reveal structural brain changes. FOCUSED DISCUSSION ON MAJOR DISEASES: Explore the links between brain atrophy and Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's diseases. HOLISTIC AND FUTURE-FOCUSED INSIGHTS: Discover lifestyle strategies and cutting-edge research for prevention and management. This book empowers readers to grasp the science behind brain atrophy, equipping both patients and professionals with vital knowledge to navigate its challenges and explore promising pathways to treatment and prevention.
Addiction And Neurodegenerative Disorders
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Author : Samer El Hayek
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2026-01-22
Addiction And Neurodegenerative Disorders written by Samer El Hayek and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2026-01-22 with Medical categories.
The brain regions and neuronal processes that underlie addiction extensively overlap with those needed for cognitive functions, including learning, memory, and reasoning. Addiction negatively impacts cognitive functions, making it more challenging to maintain abstinence and potentially leading to progression into neurodegenerative disorders. Furthermore, individuals living with neurodegenerative disorders can engage in behaviors, such as self-medication, due to impaired judgment and impulsivity associated with their condition. Addressing either of these conditions becomes markedly more intricate when they co-occur. This book explores the intricate and often overlooked connection between neurodegenerative disorders and addiction. It delves into the complex interplay between the two areas, discussing preclinical to clinical findings that highlight commonalities, shared risk factors, causality, comorbidity, management, and evidence-based interventions. By examining all these factors, an international team of contributors offer a comprehensive understanding of this underexplored intersection and its profound implications on affected individuals and their families, the healthcare system, and treatment strategies.
The Benefits Of Natural Products For Neurodegenerative Diseases
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Author : M. Mohamed Essa
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-09-20
The Benefits Of Natural Products For Neurodegenerative Diseases written by M. Mohamed Essa and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-09-20 with Science categories.
Focuses on the effects of natural products and their active components on brain function and neurodegenerative disease prevention. Phytochemicals such as alkaloids, terpenes, flavanoids, isoflavones, saponins etc are known to possess protective activity against many neurological diseases. The molecular mechanisms behind the curative effects rely mainly on the action of phytonutrients on distinct signaling pathways associated with protein folding and neuro-inflammation. The diverse array of bioactive nutrients present in these natural products plays a pivotal role in prevention and cure of various neurodegenerative diseases, disorders, or insults, such as Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, Huntington's Disease, traumatic brain injury, and other neuronal dysfunctions. However, the use of these antioxidants in the management of neurodegenerative conditions has so far been not well understood. This is a comprehensive collection addressing the effects on the brain of natural productsand edible items such as reservatrol, curcumin, gingerol, fruits, vegetables, nuts, and marine products.
Natural Products Based Drugs Potential Therapeutics Against Alzheimer S Disease And Other Neurological Disorders
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Author : Muhammad Ayaz
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2020-01-27
Natural Products Based Drugs Potential Therapeutics Against Alzheimer S Disease And Other Neurological Disorders written by Muhammad Ayaz and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-01-27 with categories.
The Science And Practice Of Lithium Therapy
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Author : Gin S. Malhi
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-11-24
The Science And Practice Of Lithium Therapy written by Gin S. Malhi and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-11-24 with Medical categories.
This book provides a clear and comprehensive guide to the clinical prescription of lithium that draws upon evidence-based knowledge of its mechanisms of action. The book is divided into two parts, on the science of lithium and the practice of lithium therapy. The former covers aspects such as the properties of the lithium ion, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, impact on neurotransmission, and gene expression modulation. The section on practice includes discussion of variability in response to lithium, use of lithium in the treatment of bipolar disorders, its value in suicide prevention, administration during pregnancy and in the pediatric age group, and side effects. Lithium is arguably the only true mood stabilizer, and its multifaceted effects across many clinical domains have given rise to a resurgence of interest in recent years, fuelled by both researchers and clinicians. Nevertheless, its use remains constrained by exaggerated concerns about potential side-effects. In reality, lithium is a simple molecule that is relatively straightforward to administer and monitor and has potentially profound benefits at a fraction of the cost of contemporary agents. This book dispels the many myths and concerns that surround its use and will be of interest for clinicians and researchers worldwide, and those that are recipients of lithium therapy.