Up And Down The Cline The Nature Of Grammaticalization
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Up And Down The Cline The Nature Of Grammaticalization
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Author : Olga Fischer
language : en
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
Release Date : 2004-01-01
Up And Down The Cline The Nature Of Grammaticalization written by Olga Fischer and has been published by John Benjamins Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-01-01 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
The basic idea behind this volume is to probe the nature of grammaticalization. Its contributions focus on the following questions: (i) In how far can grammaticalization be considered a universal diachronic process or mechanism of change and in how far is it conditioned by synchronic factors? (ii) What is the role of the speaker in grammaticalization? (iii) Does grammaticalization itself provide a cause for change or is it an epiphenomenon, i.e. a conglomeration of causal factors/mechanisms which elsewhere occur independently? (iv) If it is epiphenominal, how do we explain that similar pathways so often occur in known cases of grammaticalization? (v) Is grammaticalization unidirectional? (vi) What is the nature of the parameters guiding grammaticalization? The overall aim of the book is to enrich our understanding of what grammaticalization does or does not entail via detailed case studies in combination with theoretical and methodological discussions.
The Linguistic Cycle
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Author : Elly van Gelderen
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2023-07-31
The Linguistic Cycle written by Elly van Gelderen and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-07-31 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Cyclical language change is a linguistic process by which a word, phrase, or part of the grammar loses its meaning or function and is then replaced by another. This can even happen on the level of an entire language, which can experience a change in the language family it is a part of. This new text is a comprehensive introduction to this phenomenon, the mechanisms underlying it, and the relations between the different types of cycles. Elly van Gelderen reviews the subject widely and holistically, defining key terms and comprehensively presenting diverse theoretical perspectives and empirical findings. With coverage of a variety of micro cycles and the more controversial macro cycles, incorporating cutting-edge work on grammaticalization, and drawing on examples from many languages and language families, this book accessibly guides readers through the state of the art in the field. With practical methodological guidance on how to identify and investigate linguistic cycles, and an array of useful pedagogical features, the book provides a coherent framework for approaching, understanding, and furthering research in linguistic cycles. This text will be an indispensable resource for advanced students and researchers in historical and diachronic linguistics, language typology, and linguistic and grammatical theory.
New Trends In Nordic And General Linguistics
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Author : Martin Hilpert
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2015-02-17
New Trends In Nordic And General Linguistics written by Martin Hilpert and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-02-17 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This book offers a survey of current work in Nordic and General Linguistics, with a special focus on language contact. The papers in this book were presented at the 11th International Conference of Nordic and General Linguistics (ICNGL) in Freiburg. The ICNGL conference series aims to facilitate the exchange of ideas on Scandinavian and other languages, between researchers from the Nordic countries and elsewhere. The present volume focuses on language contact, which has always been a topic of great interest in Nordic Linguistics. Additionally, the contributions in this book address issues of phonology, morpho-syntax, syntax, and grammaticalization. The book is meant to be a snapshot of Nordic Linguistics as it is practiced today, reflecting at the same time its established research traditions as well as its forages into new methodologies and theories.
A Grammar Of Southern Min
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Author : Weirong Chen
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2020-02-10
A Grammar Of Southern Min written by Weirong Chen and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-02-10 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Southern Min (also known as Hokkien or Minnan) is a major branch of Chinese spoken mainly in Fujian and Taiwan, but also in Guangdong, Hainan and Hong Kong, as well as in many countries of Southeast Asia. Highly conservative in its linguistic profile, it is considered by many scholars to be a living language fossil due to the preservation of many archaic features that reflect its long-lasting history and culture. Yet to date there has been no comprehensive study of Southern Min using a typological framework, as the tendency is to base analyses on the model of Mandarin Chinese, the standard language. This grammar aims to present a systematic description of the Hui'an variety of Southern Min, mainly based on data collected via naturally occurring conversation. The volume includes four parts: nominal structure, predicate structure, clause structure and complex sentences, as well as a brief overview of phonology. It will have great appeal for heritage speakers, graduate students and scholars in both Chinese linguistics and typology.
Discourse Structuring Markers In English
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Author : Elizabeth Closs Traugott
language : en
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
Release Date : 2022-03-15
Discourse Structuring Markers In English written by Elizabeth Closs Traugott and has been published by John Benjamins Publishing Company this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-03-15 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This book is a contribution to the growing field of diachronic construction grammar. Focus is on corpus evidence for the importance of including conventionalized pragmatics within construction grammar and suggestions for how to do so. The empirical domain is the development of Discourse Structuring Markers in English such as after all, also, all the same, by the way, further and moreover (also known as Discourse Markers). The term Discourse Structuring Markers highlights their use not only to connect discourse segments but also to shape discourse coherence and understanding. Monofunctional Discourse Structuring Markers like further, instead, moreover are distinguished from multifunctional ones like after all and by the way. Drawing on usage-based work on constructionalization and constructional changes, the book is in three parts: foundational concepts, case studies, and currently open issues in diachronic construction grammar. These open issues are how to incorporate the concepts subjectification and intersubjectification into a constructional account of change, whether position in a clause is a construction, and the nature of constructional networks and how they change.
Second Person Plural Forms In World Englishes
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Author : Liviana Galiano
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Release Date : 2021-11-29
Second Person Plural Forms In World Englishes written by Liviana Galiano and has been published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-11-29 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Previously, English used to distinguish between singular and plural second person pronouns. However, this distinction was lost during its transition into Modern English, which saw the establishment of the single form you for both singular and plural reference. Despite this, many dialects of English have always continued to explicitly mark number on second person pronouns by resorting to different linguistic strategies, both morphological and analytic. Among such morphological variants is yous, together with a host of different spelling variants such as youse, yiz, and yez, among others. This work is a synchronic, corpus-based investigation of second person plural forms in 20 varieties of English. The corpus under study here (GloWbe) contains 1.9 billion words collected on the web in 2013 and was analysed in order to uncover the usage trends of second person plural forms in present-day English. The picture that emerges displays the diatopic distribution of the forms, in addition to markers of politeness and empathy, singular-reference emphatic markers, attention-getting devices, and possessive determiner, and their frequencies of occurrence. The book pays particular attention to the fundamental function of second person plural forms in the creation and management of the speaker-hearer relationship.
Language Variation European Perspectives Vi
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Author : Isabelle Buchstaller
language : en
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
Release Date : 2017-07-26
Language Variation European Perspectives Vi written by Isabelle Buchstaller and has been published by John Benjamins Publishing Company this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-26 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Language Variation - European Perspectives VI showcases a selection of papers from the 8th International Conference on Language Variation in Europe which was held in Leipzig in 2015. The volume includes plenaries by Miriam Meyerhoff and Steffen Klaere (“The large and the small of it: Big issues with smaller samples in the study of language variation”), Martin Haspelmath and Susanne Maria Michaelis (“Analytic and synthetic: Typological change in varieties of European languages”) and Jürgen Erich Schmidt (“Dynamics, variation and the brain“). In addition, the editors have selected 11 papers which exemplify the breadth of research on European languages. The contributions to this volume encompass languages as varied as Swedish, Greek, Galician, Dutch, German, Swedish, English (including English-lexified contact varieties), French, Spanish, Croatian, Luxembourgish and Romani. The variety of theoretical frameworks and methodological perspectives and particularly the combination of different methods attests to the scope of research currently being conducted on language variation and change in European languages.
The English Phrasal Verb 1650 Present
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Author : Paula Rodríguez-Puente
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2019-01-31
The English Phrasal Verb 1650 Present written by Paula Rodríguez-Puente and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-31 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
A fine-grained qualitative and quantitative analysis of phrasal verbs covering almost 400 years, based on large amounts of empirical evidence.
Degrammaticalization
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Author : Muriel Norde
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2009-09-17
Degrammaticalization written by Muriel Norde and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-09-17 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Grammaticalization is a well-attested process of linguistic change in which a lexical item becomes a function word, which may be further reduced to a clitic or affix. Proponents of the universality of grammaticalization have usually argued that it is unidirectional and have thus found it a useful tool in linguistic reconstruction. In this book Prof Norde shows that change is reversible on all levels: semantic, morphological, syntactic, and phonological. As a consequence, the alleged unidirectionality of grammaticalization is not a reliable reconstructional tool, even if degrammaticalization is a rare phenomenon. Degrammaticalization, she argues, is essentially different from grammaticalization: it usually comprises a single change, examples being shifts from affix to clitic, or from function word to lexical item. And where grammaticalization can be seen as a process, degrammaticalization is often the by-product of other changes. Nevertheless, she shows that it can be described, like grammaticalization, in a principled way, in order to establish whether a change in a word has been from more to less grammatical or vice versa, and the stages by which it has become so. Using data from different languages she constructs a typology of degrammaticalization changes. She explains why degrammaticalization is so rare and why some linguists have such strongly negative feelings about the possibility of its existence. She adds to the understanding of grammaticalization and makes a significant contribution to methods of linguistic reconstruction and the study of language change. She writes clearly, aiming to be understood by advanced undergraduate students as well as appealing to scholars and graduate researchers in historical linguistics.
Multiple Preverbs In Ancient Indo European Languages
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Author : Chiara Zanchi
language : en
Publisher: Narr Francke Attempto Verlag
Release Date : 2019-08-26
Multiple Preverbs In Ancient Indo European Languages written by Chiara Zanchi and has been published by Narr Francke Attempto Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-08-26 with Literary Criticism categories.
The book investigates multiple preverbs (PVs) in some ancient IE languages (Vedic, Homeric Greek, Old Church Slavic, and Old Irish). After an introduction, it opens with the theoretical framework and a typologically-oriented overview of PVs. It then gives quantitative data about multiple PV composites and carries out philological, formal, semantic, and syntactic analyses on them. The comparison among these languages suggests that a process of accumulation lies behind multiple PV composites. Also, PV ordering is explained by different factors: semantic solidarity between PVs and verbs PVs tendency to be specified by event participants, PVs etymologies, influence from other languages. The book also contributes to casting light on the reasons for PVs grammaticalization and lexicalization. These are two distinct reanalyses triggered by the same factor, i.e. the mentioned semantic solidarity, which makes PVs be felt as redundant. They are thus reassigned salient pieces of information as actional markers (grammaticalization) or reinterpreted as part of the verb (lexicalization).