Urban Structure Matters

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Urban Structure Matters

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Author : Petter Naess
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2006-09-27

Urban Structure Matters written by Petter Naess and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-09-27 with Architecture categories.

Going beyond previous investigations into urban land use and travel, Petter Næss presents new research from Denmark on residential location and travel to show how and why urban spatial structures affect people's travel behaviour. In a comprehensive case study of the Copenhagen metropolitan area, Næss combines traditional quantitative travel surveys with qualitative interviews in order to identify the more detailed mechanisms through which urban structure affects travel behaviour. The case study findings are compared with those from other Nordic countries and analyzed and evaluated in the light of relevant theory and literature to provide solid, valuable conclusions for planning sustainable urban development. With a broader range of statistics than previous studies and conclusions of international relevance, Urban Structure Matters provides well-grounded conclusions for how spatial planning of urban areas can be used to reduce car dependence and achieve a more sustainable development of cities.

Urban Structure Matters

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Author : P. Naess
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006

Urban Structure Matters written by P. Naess and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with categories.

Urban Structure Matters

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Author :
language : it
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006

Urban Structure Matters written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with categories.

Sources And Composition Of Ambient Particulate Matter

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Author : Manousos-Ioannis Manousakas
language : en
Publisher: MDPI
Release Date : 2021-09-10

Sources And Composition Of Ambient Particulate Matter written by Manousos-Ioannis Manousakas and has been published by MDPI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-09-10 with Science categories.

Research related to ambient particulate matter (PM) remains very relevant today due to the adverse effects that PM have on human health. PM are pollutants with varying chemical compositions and may originate from multiple emission sources, which directly affects their toxicity. To formulate effective control and mitigation strategies, it is necessary to identify PM sources and to estimate their influence on ambient PM concentration, a process that is known as source apportionment (SA). Depending on the geographical location and characteristics of an area, many anthropogenic and natural sources may contribute to PM concentration levels, such as dust resuspension, sea salt, traffic, secondary aerosol formation, industrial emissions, ship emissions, biomass burning, power plant emissions, etc. Different methodological approaches have been used over the years to study the aforementioned topics, but some scientific challenges remain, mainly related to the following subjects: real-time chemical analysis and SA, uncertainty estimation of SA results, and analytical optimization for PM samples. Additionally, there are areas in the world for which the results regarding composition and sources of PM are still scarce. The objective of this collection was to include studies on all aspects of PM chemical characterization and source apportionment regarding the inorganic and/or organic fractions of PM.

Cities And Nature

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Author : Lisa Benton-Short
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-07-04

Cities And Nature written by Lisa Benton-Short and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-07-04 with Science categories.

Cities and Nature illustrates how the city is part of the environment, and how it is subject to environmental constraints and opportunities. The city has been treated in geographical writings as only a social phenomena, and at the same time, environmental scientists have tended to ignore the urban. This book reconnects the science and social science through the examination of the urban. It critiques the dominant academic discourse which ignores the environmental base of urban life and living, and discusses the urban natural environment and how this is subjected to social influences. The book is organized around three central themes: urban environment in historical context issues in urban-nature relations realigning urban-nature relations. Ideas such as pollution as a physical environmental fact, often created or impacted by economic, cultural and political changes are discussed, as well as viewing pollution as a social act: consuming patterns of everyday activities - driving, showering, shopping, eating - and how this has an environmental impact. The authors reintroduce a social science perspective in examining urban nature, the city and its physical environment. Cities and Nature clearly illustrates the physical and social elements of the urban environment and shows how these are important to examining the city. It includes further reading and boxed case studies on Bangladesh, Paris, Delhi, Rome, Cubatao, Thailand, Los Angeles, Chicago, New Orleans and Toronto. This book would be an asset to students and researchers in environmental studies, urban studies and planning.

Dark Matter Credit

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Author : Philip T. Hoffman
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2019-02-05

Dark Matter Credit written by Philip T. Hoffman and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-05 with Business & Economics categories.

How a vast network of shadow credit financed European growth long before the advent of banking Prevailing wisdom dictates that, without banks, countries would be mired in poverty. Yet somehow much of Europe managed to grow rich long before the diffusion of banks. Dark Matter Credit draws on centuries of cleverly collected loan data from France to reveal how credit abounded well before banks opened their doors. This incisive book shows how a vast system of shadow credit enabled nearly a third of French families to borrow in 1740, and by 1840 funded as much mortgage debt as the American banking system of the 1950s. Dark Matter Credit traces how this extensive private network outcompeted banks and thrived prior to World War I—not just in France but in Britain, Germany, and the United States—until killed off by government intervention after 1918. Overturning common assumptions about banks and economic growth, the book paints a revealing picture of an until-now hidden market of thousands of peer-to-peer loans made possible by a network of brokers who matched lenders with borrowers and certified the borrowers’ creditworthiness. A major work of scholarship, Dark Matter Credit challenges widespread misperceptions about French economic history, such as the notion that banks proliferated slowly, and the idea that financial innovation was hobbled by French law. By documenting how intermediaries in the shadow credit market devised effective financial instruments, this compelling book provides new insights into how countries can develop and thrive today.

Spatial Planning And Sustainable Development

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Author : Mitsuhiko Kawakami
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-02-28

Spatial Planning And Sustainable Development written by Mitsuhiko Kawakami and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-02-28 with Science categories.

This book attempts to provide insights into the achievement of a sustainable urban form, through spatial planning and implementation; here, we focus on planning experiences at the levels of local cities and some metropolitan areas in Asian countries. This book investigates the impact of planning policy on spatial planning implementation, from multidisciplinary viewpoints encompassing land-use patterns, housing development, transportation, green design, and agricultural and ecological systems in the urbanization process. We seek to learn from researchers in an integrated multidisciplinary platform that reflects a variety of perspectives, such as economic development, social equality, and ecological protection, with a view to achieving a sustainable urban form.​

Mobility Patterns And Urban Structure

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Author : Paulo Pinho
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2016-03-03

Mobility Patterns And Urban Structure written by Paulo Pinho and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-03-03 with Political Science categories.

Despite extensive efforts to understand the overall effect of urban structure on the current patterns of urban mobility, we are still far from a consensual perspective on this complex matter. To help build agreement on the factors influencing travel behaviour, this book discusses the influence of alternative urban structures on sustainable mobility. Bringing together two existing and complementary methods to study the relationship between urban structure and mobility, the authors compare two case studies with distinct urban structures and travel behaviour (Copenhagen and Oporto). Of particular concern is the influence of urban structure factors, namely land use and transport system factors, and motivational factors related to the social, economic and cultural characteristics of the individual traveller. The research presented in this book highlights the relevance of centrality in travel behaviour and in more sustainable travel choices. Different operational forms of the centrality concept are revealed as important: it is shown that more sustainable travel can be influenced by several urban structure factors and that no particular combination is required as long as a certain level of centrality is provided. Finally, the book concludes that urban structure can, on the one hand, constrain and, on the other hand, influence travel choice.

People Politics In Urban America

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Author : Robert W. Kweit
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-10-31

People Politics In Urban America written by Robert W. Kweit and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-31 with Political Science categories.

This revised textbook for courses on urban politics challenges the notion that the field is dominated by political economy, showing that despite the undeniable importance of economic issues, citizens do play a significant part in urban politics.

People And Politics In Urban America Second Edition

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Author : Robert W. Kweit
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-11-26

People And Politics In Urban America Second Edition written by Robert W. Kweit and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-26 with Political Science categories.

First Published in 1998. Approximately 75 percent of Americans live in cities and surrounding suburbs, and the characteristics of those cities inescapably affect the quality of their lives. This book examines the extent to which these Americans use the political process to control the characteristics of life in their metropolises. In addition, this second edition revision places great emphasis on the role of political leaders, while recognising the interdependence between those leaders and various interests in the city.