Vaccination Programmes
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Vaccination Programmes
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Author : Susan Hahné
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2021-09-13
Vaccination Programmes written by Susan Hahné and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-09-13 with Medical categories.
Vaccination programmes are of vital importance to public health and are present in virtually every country in the world. By promoting an understanding of the diverse effects of vaccination programmes, this textbook discusses how epidemiologic methods can be used to study, in real life, their impacts, benefits and risks. Written by expert practitioners in an accessible and concise style, this book is interspersed with practical examples which allow readers to acquire understanding through real-life data and problems. Part I provides an overview of basic concepts in vaccinology, immunology, vaccination programmes, infectious disease transmission dynamics, the various impacts of vaccination programmes and their societal context. Part II covers the main field tools used for the epidemiological evaluation of vaccination programmes: monitoring coverage and attitudes towards vaccination, surveillance of vaccine-preventable diseases and pathogens, seroepidemiological studies, methods to assess impact and outbreak investigation. Part III is dedicated to vaccine effectiveness and its assessment. Part IV includes an overview of the potential risks of vaccination and how to study these. Lastly, Part V deals with methods for an integrated assessment of benefits and risks of vaccination programmes. Suitable for professionals working in public health, epidemiology, biology and those working in health economics and vaccine development, Vaccination Programmes also serves as a textbook for postgraduate students in public health, epidemiology and infectious diseases. The book is aimed at all those involved in the many aspects of vaccination programmes, including public health professionals and epidemiologists. Its primary target audiences are master and doctoral students in infectious disease epidemiology and public health, post-doctoral participants of field epidemiology training programmes and public health professionals working in the post-implementation epidemiological evaluation of vaccines and vaccination programmes. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license
Strengthening Influenza Vaccination Policies And Programmes
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Author : World Health Organization
language : en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date : 2024-10-24
Strengthening Influenza Vaccination Policies And Programmes written by World Health Organization and has been published by World Health Organization this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-10-24 with Medical categories.
Seasonal influenza is a major global health threat, causing significant morbidity and mortality annually and placing stress on health systems worldwide. Influenza vaccination programs play a critical role in reducing the burden of influenza epidemics and enhancing pandemic preparedness, including for other respiratory pathogens like COVID-19. In July 2024, WHO convened a 3-day meeting to strengthen seasonal influenza vaccination policies and programs. Sessions focused on the current global landscape, charting high-level actions for global progress, and operational planning for the Global Influenza Strategy. Key takeaways emphasized coordinated global efforts, tailored approaches, improved data and evidence, and public–private collaboration to advance influenza vaccination programs.
Immunization In Practice
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date : 2015
Immunization In Practice written by and has been published by World Health Organization this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with Medical categories.
This practical guide contains seven modules targeted at district and health facility staff. It intends to meet the demands to improve immunization services so as to reach more infants in a sustainable way, building upon the experiences of polio eradication. It includes materials adapted from polio on planning, monitoring and use of data to improve the service, that can be used at any level. Revising the manual has been a team exercise. There are contributions from a large number of experts, organizations and institutions. This new edition has seven modules. Several new vaccines that have become more readily available and used in recent years have been added. Also the section on integration with other health interventions has been expanded as exciting opportunities and experiences have become evident in the years following the previous edition. Module 1: Target diseases and vaccines Module 2: The vaccine cold chain Module 3: Ensuring safe injections Module 4: Microplanning for reaching every community Module 5: Managing an immunization session Module 6: Monitoring and surveillance Module 7: Partnering with communities.
Seasonal Influenza Vaccination Policy Brief Developing And Strengthening National Programmes
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Author : World Health Organization
language : en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date : 2023-11-24
Seasonal Influenza Vaccination Policy Brief Developing And Strengthening National Programmes written by World Health Organization and has been published by World Health Organization this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-11-24 with Medical categories.
Disease Control Priorities Third Edition Volume 2
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Author : Robert Black
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2016-04-11
Disease Control Priorities Third Edition Volume 2 written by Robert Black and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-11 with Medical categories.
The evaluation of reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health (RMNCH) by the Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (DCP3) focuses on maternal conditions, childhood illness, and malnutrition. Specifically, the chapters address acute illness and undernutrition in children, principally under age 5. It also covers maternal mortality, morbidity, stillbirth, and influences to pregnancy and pre-pregnancy. Volume 3 focuses on developments since the publication of DCP2 and will also include the transition to older childhood, in particular, the overlap and commonality with the child development volume. The DCP3 evaluation of these conditions produced three key findings: 1. There is significant difficulty in measuring the burden of key conditions such as unintended pregnancy, unsafe abortion, nonsexually transmitted infections, infertility, and violence against women. 2. Investments in the continuum of care can have significant returns for improved and equitable access, health, poverty, and health systems. 3. There is a large difference in how RMNCH conditions affect different income groups; investments in RMNCH can lessen the disparity in terms of both health and financial risk.
The Childhood Immunization Schedule And Safety
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Author : Institute of Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2013-04-27
The Childhood Immunization Schedule And Safety written by Institute of Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-27 with Medical categories.
Vaccines are among the most safe and effective public health interventions to prevent serious disease and death. Because of the success of vaccines, most Americans today have no firsthand experience with such devastating illnesses as polio or diphtheria. Health care providers who vaccinate young children follow a schedule prepared by the U.S. Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. Under the current schedule, children younger than six may receive as many as 24 immunizations by their second birthday. New vaccines undergo rigorous testing prior to receiving FDA approval; however, like all medicines and medical interventions, vaccines carry some risk. Driven largely by concerns about potential side effects, there has been a shift in some parents' attitudes toward the child immunization schedule. The Childhood Immunization Schedule and Safety identifies research approaches, methodologies, and study designs that could address questions about the safety of the current schedule. This report is the most comprehensive examination of the immunization schedule to date. The IOM authoring committee uncovered no evidence of major safety concerns associated with adherence to the childhood immunization schedule. Should signals arise that there may be need for investigation, however, the report offers a framework for conducting safety research using existing or new data collection systems.
Public Health Ethics And Practice
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Author : Peckham, Stephen
language : en
Publisher: Policy Press
Release Date : 2010
Public Health Ethics And Practice written by Peckham, Stephen and has been published by Policy Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Medical categories.
This book examines the principles and values that support an ethical approach to public health practice and provides examples of complex areas which those practising, analysing and planning the health of populations have to navigate.
Foot And Mouth Disease Vaccination And Post Vaccination Monitoring
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Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
language : en
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
Release Date : 2018-08-21
Foot And Mouth Disease Vaccination And Post Vaccination Monitoring written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and has been published by Food & Agriculture Org. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-08-21 with Health & Fitness categories.
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) control and/or eradication efforts have been in existence for many years in different regions, supported by an official OIE system for recognition of national control programmes and of country status to manage the trade risks for FMD reintroduction. A global FMD control strategy was announced by FAO and OIE in 2012, incorporating a progressive control pathway for FMD (PCP-FMD) that elaborates principles for the application of control measures in a step-wise manner. The OIE Performance of Veterinary Services tool helps countries to monitor the structures essential for programme implementation.Vaccination is an important component of programmes that seek to reduce the impacts of FMD and to block circulation of the causative virus in order to establish and maintain disease freedom. Choosing and successfully implementing the appropriate vaccine and vaccination regimens are affected by many dynamic factors, including (1) the diversity of the viruses to be controlled; (2) the performance characteristics and instability of vaccines; (2) the range of susceptible animal species and husbandry systems; (3) the purposes of vaccination; (4) the short-lived nature of vaccine induced immunity; and (5) the design and application of vaccination programmes. Furthermore, vaccination is unlikely to succeed unless supported by other complementary control measures. Therefore, the entire process of vaccine selection and vaccination must be continuously monitored and evaluated to ensure that it fulfils its objectives and contributes to a sustainable control of FMD. This document is intended to help guide this process. Since the variable and changing circumstances of FMD control require different approaches, the guidance is not prescriptive. Instead, it reviews the options available for vaccine selection and vaccination strategies and presents methodology to check that a potential vaccine is able to provide a protective immune response and that the implemented vaccination programme has translated this into a protective level of population immunity.
Seasonal Influenza Vaccines
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date : 2020-08-03
Seasonal Influenza Vaccines written by and has been published by World Health Organization this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-08-03 with Medical categories.
This document presents a summary of the evidence and know-how on seasonal influenza vaccines; where relevant, it includes links to the latest WHO guidance. It has been written to support Ministries of Health and other key stakeholders in their decision-making around designing and implementing seasonal influenza interventions. Throughout this document, additional information can be found on seasonal influenza vaccine types, costs, and target groups. This document also includes resources, guidance, and key questions for Ministries to review as they consider how to introduce a seasonal influenza vaccination programme.
Hepatitis B And The Prevention Of Primary Cancer Of The Liver
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Author : Baruch S. Blumberg
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2000
Hepatitis B And The Prevention Of Primary Cancer Of The Liver written by Baruch S. Blumberg and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Medical categories.
This important book comprises a narrative account of research on the hepatitis B virus (and related subjects) and selected reprints from the laboratory of Nobel laureate Baruch S Blumberg and his colleagues. The hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of the ten most common deadly infectious diseases and is responsible for 1.1 million deaths a year worldwide.Research in his laboratory resulted in the discovery of HBV and the invention of the vaccine which protects one against it. The research began as an apparently esoteric study of human biochemical and immunologic variation. This required field-work in Africa, the Arctic, the Pacific, the Americas, and in many other locations and populations. The overall goal was to identify inherited biological differences which were related to differing responses to disease-causing agents. The virus was discovered using the blood of an infected person who had developed the antibody, to detect the virus present in another infected person who had become a carrier of the virus. Screening of blood donors led to the near-elimination of post-transfusion hepatitis B.There are now national HBV vaccination programs in more than 70 countries. During the past decade these programs have strikingly reduced the prevalence of HBV in many countries and there has been a significant drop in the incidence of cancer of the liver in the vaccinated cohorts. The HBV vaccination program is now, after smoking cessation, the most widely used cancer prevention program in the world.