Vagueness And Degrees Of Truth
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Vagueness And Degrees Of Truth
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Author : Nicholas J. J. Smith
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2008-11-06
Vagueness And Degrees Of Truth written by Nicholas J. J. Smith and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-11-06 with Philosophy categories.
In Vagueness and Degrees of Truth, Nicholas Smith develops a new theory of vagueness: fuzzy plurivaluationism. A predicate is said to be vague if there is no sharply defined boundary between the things to which it applies and the things to which it does not apply. For example, 'heavy' is vague in a way that 'weighs over 20 kilograms' is not. A great many predicates - both in everyday talk, and in a wide array of theoretical vocabularies, from law to psychology to engineering - are vague. Smith argues, on the basis of a detailed account of the defining features of vagueness, that an accurate theory of vagueness must involve the idea that truth comes in degrees. The core idea of degrees of truth is that while some sentences are true and some are false, others possess intermediate truth values: they are truer than the false sentences, but not as true as the true ones. Degree-theoretic treatments of vagueness have been proposed in the past, but all have encountered significant objections. In light of these, Smith develops a new type of degree theory. Its innovations include a definition of logical consequence that allows the derivation of a classical consequence relation from the degree-theoretic semantics, a unified account of degrees of truth and subjective probabilities, and the incorporation of semantic indeterminacy - the view that vague statements need not have unique meanings - into the degree-theoretic framework. As well as being essential reading for those working on vagueness, Smith's book provides an excellent entry-point for newcomers to the era - both from elsewhere in philosophy, and from computer science, logic and engineering. It contains a thorough introduction to existing theories of vagueness and to the requisite logical background.
Vagueness And Degrees Of Truth
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Author : Nicholas Jeremy Josef Smith
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Vagueness And Degrees Of Truth written by Nicholas Jeremy Josef Smith and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Truth categories.
This text develops and defends a new position on vagueness. To make the book accessible to non-specialists, Nicholas Smith includes both an introduction to the relevant philosophical literature, and a gentle but thorough introduction to the required logical tools and concepts.
Not Exactly
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Author : Kees van Deemter
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2010-01-28
Not Exactly written by Kees van Deemter and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-01-28 with Science categories.
Our lives are full of inexactitude. We say a person is tall or an action is just without the precision of measurement on a dial. In this engaging account, Kees van Deemter explores vagueness, cutting across areas such as language, mathematical logic, and computing. He considers why vagueness is inherent, and why it is important in how we function.
Vagueness
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Author : Delia Graff
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-09-08
Vagueness written by Delia Graff and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-09-08 with Philosophy categories.
Vagueness, volume XX, contains twenty-seven essays, with issues covered including: nihilism, phenomenal sorites, degrees of truth, epistemicism, higher-order vagueness, contextualism, and intuitionism. Written by leading contemporary philosophers, these essays will be of interest to researchers in philosophy of language, philosophical logic, metaphysics and epistemology; as well as those in natural language semantics, artificial intelligence and cognitive science more generally. A substantial introduction written by the editors provides a guide to the topic and to the essays in the volume.
Vagueness
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Author : Timothy Williamson
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 1994
Vagueness written by Timothy Williamson and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Philosophy categories.
Vagueness is the first comprehensive treatment of this increasingly important topic in metaphysics and the philosophy of logic and language. Students in these areas and researchers in artificial intelligence and linguistics will find its non-technical approach invaluable. For the technically-minded, an appendix shows how the treatment can be formalized within the framework of epistemic logic.
Vagueness As Arbitrariness
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Author : Sagid Salles
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-03-12
Vagueness As Arbitrariness written by Sagid Salles and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-03-12 with Philosophy categories.
This book proposes a new solution to the problem of vagueness. There are several different ways of addressing this problem and no clear agreement on which one is correct. The author proposes that it should be understood as the problem of explaining vague predicates in a way that systematizes six intuitions about the phenomenon and satisfies three criteria of adequacy for an ideal theory of vagueness. The third criterion, which is called the “criterion of precisification”, is the most controversial one. It is based on the intuition that a predicate is vague only if it is imprecise. The author considers some different definitions of linguistic imprecision, proposing that a predicate is imprecise if and only if there is no sharp boundary between objects to which its application yields some particular truth-value and objects to which its application does not yield that truth-value. The volume critically reviews the current theories of vagueness and proposes a new one, the Theory of Vagueness as Arbitrariness, which defines a vague predicate as an arbitrary predicate that must be precisified in order to contribute to a sentence that has truth-conditions. The main advantages of this theory over the current alternatives are that it satisfies all three criteria and systematizes the relevant intuitions.
Vagueness
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Author : Kit Fine
language : en
Publisher: Rutgers Lectures in Philosophy
Release Date : 2020
Vagueness written by Kit Fine and has been published by Rutgers Lectures in Philosophy this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with Mathematics categories.
Vagueness is a subject of long-standing interest in the philosophy of language, metaphysics, and philosophical logic. Numerous accounts of vagueness have been proposed in the literature but there has been no general consensus on which, if any, should be be accepted. Kit Fine here presents a new theory of vagueness based on the radical hypothesis that vagueness is a "global" rather than a "local" phenomenon. In other words, according to Fine, the vagueness of an object or expression cannot properly be considered except in its relation to other objects or other expressions. He then applies the theory to a variety of topics in logic, metaphysics and epistemology, including the sorites paradox, the problem of personal identity, and the transparency of mental phenomenon. This is the inaugural volume in the Rutgers Lectures in Philosophy series, presenting lectures from the most important contemporary thinkers in the discipline.
Theories Of Vagueness
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Author : Rosanna Keefe
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2000-09-28
Theories Of Vagueness written by Rosanna Keefe and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-09-28 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
A powerful comparative study of the main theories of vagueness, first published in 2000.
Vagueness
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Author : Rosanna Keefe
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 1996
Vagueness written by Rosanna Keefe and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Vagueness is currently the subject of vigorous debate in the philosophy of logic and language. Vague terms-such as "tall", "red", "bald", and "tadpole" -- have borderline cases (arguably, someone may be neither tall nor not tall); and they lack well-defined extensions (there is no sharp boundary between tall people and the rest). The phenomenon of vagueness poses a fundamental challenge to classical logic and semantics, which assumes that propositions are either true or false and that extensions are determinate. Another striking problem to which vagueness gives rise is the sorites paradox. If you remove one grain from a heap of sand, surely you must be left with a heap. Yet apply this principle repeatedly as you remove grains one by one, and you end up, absurdly, with a solitary grain that counts as a heap. This anthology collects papers in the field. After an introduction that surveys the field, the essays form four groups, starting with some historically notable pieces. The 1970s saw an explosion of interest in vagueness, and the second group of essays reprints classic papers from this period. The following group of papers represent current work on the logic and semantics of vagueness. The essays in the final group are contributions to the continuing debate about vague objects and vague identity.
Vagueness Logic And Ontology
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Author : Dominic Hyde
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2016-02-17
Vagueness Logic And Ontology written by Dominic Hyde and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-02-17 with Philosophy categories.
The topic of vagueness re-emerged in the twentieth century from relative obscurity. It deals with the phenomenon in natural language that manifests itself in apparent semantic indeterminacy - the indeterminacy, for example, that arises when asked to draw the line between the tall and non-tall, or the drunk and the sober. An associated paradox emphasises the challenging nature of the phenomenon, presenting one of the most resilient paradoxes of logic. The apparent threat posed for orthodox theories of the semantics and logic of natural language has become the focus of intense philosophical scrutiny amongst philosophers and non-philosophers alike. Vagueness, Logic and Ontology explores various responses to the philosophical problems generated by vagueness and its associated paradox - the sorites paradox. Hyde argues that the theoretical space in which vagueness is sometimes ontologically grounded and modelled by a truth-functional logic affords a coherent response to the problems posed by vagueness. Showing how the concept of vagueness can be applied to the world, Hyde's ontological account proposes a substantial revision of orthodox semantics, metaphysics and logic. This book will be of particular interest to readers in philosophy, linguistics, cognitive science and geographic information systems.