Variation Patterns And Sources Of Air Pollution
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Variation Patterns And Sources Of Air Pollution
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Author : Chong-Le Li
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Variation Patterns And Sources Of Air Pollution written by Chong-Le Li and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
Air quality is a high priority research area of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and research on the changing spatiotemporal patterns of PM2.5 is part of the EPA's current focus. The EPA is looking for studies on the relationship between long-term exposure to PM2.5 and cardiovascular health in order to to reduce the uncertainty of the concentration - response relationships, especially at low ambient concentration of PM2.5. A comprehensive analysis of a large volume of available PM2.5 data collected at four different regions in Wisconsin was performed to study the spatialtemporal variations, the patterns of the variations and the changes in patterns of ambient PM2.5. A systematic approach was established in the study that enables utilizing the broadely available PM2.5 data for future health research. Spatial and temporal variations of the characteristics and the changes of the discovered patterns of ambient PM2.5 and the aerosol acidity of PM2.5 were studied using statistical and graphical software. The changes in the concentrations of ambient sulfate, nitrate and OC highlight the need for changing PM2.5 reduction strategies. A change in the ambient aerosol acidity trend was observed around 2009 and 2010. P value analysis indicated both the downward and upward trends were not insignificant. A further study to determine if there is a permanent increasing trend is recommended. An ascending trend of aerosol acidity was discovered during winter episodes in Milwaukee from 2002 to 2009, which also needs additional study. A thermodynamic principle-based method was developed using the deliquescent relative humidity (DRH) as a criterion to determine if the inorganic ions in PM2.5 were in aqueous phase. If the relative humidity (RH) on the sampling day was higher than the DRH of the aerosol system, the inorganic ions were in aqueous phase and were selected for modeling. The Extended Aerosol Inorganic Model (EAIM) was used to estimate the in-situ acidity. The calculated in-situ acidity has reasonable correlation with other aerosol acidity indexes used in the study. Pattern changes in ambient PM2.5 were observed. The periods when trends change direction provide valuable opportunities to study the underlying causes of the changes.
Air Pollution And Its Complications
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Author : Shani Tiwari
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-05-19
Air Pollution And Its Complications written by Shani Tiwari and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-05-19 with Science categories.
This book provides an overview of the fundamental concept of air pollution, emission sources of air pollutants and their transportation. First, the book presents a brief background on air pollution and its emission sources, then it continues with their impact on agriculture, health, and climate change. Furthermore, it covers the basic concepts of air pollution, transportation of air pollutants, global climate change and the use of science in air pollution policy formulation in detail. It also emphasizes the effects of air pollutants in altering the onset pattern of the Indian Summer Monsoon. In addition, it describes the impacts of air pollution on the cryosphere and human health. In this book the editors provide an interdisciplinary unique collection of new studies and findings on the groove of air pollution, to improve the basic understanding of graduate students as well as researchers in the field of air pollution and its impacts on various aspects of the atmosphere and surroundings. This collection covers the basic concepts of air pollution, transportation of air pollutants, and global climate change and the use of science in air pollution policy formulation.
Urban Climates
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Author : T. R. Oke
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2017-09-14
Urban Climates written by T. R. Oke and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-09-14 with Nature categories.
The first full synthesis of modern scientific and applied research on urban climates, suitable for students and researchers alike.
Health Of People Health Of Planet And Our Responsibility
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Author : Wael Al-Delaimy
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-05-13
Health Of People Health Of Planet And Our Responsibility written by Wael Al-Delaimy and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-05-13 with Medical categories.
This open access book not only describes the challenges of climate disruption, but also presents solutions. The challenges described include air pollution, climate change, extreme weather, and related health impacts that range from heat stress, vector-borne diseases, food and water insecurity and chronic diseases to malnutrition and mental well-being. The influence of humans on climate change has been established through extensive published evidence and reports. However, the connections between climate change, the health of the planet and the impact on human health have not received the same level of attention. Therefore, the global focus on the public health impacts of climate change is a relatively recent area of interest. This focus is timely since scientists have concluded that changes in climate have led to new weather extremes such as floods, storms, heat waves, droughts and fires, in turn leading to more than 600,000 deaths and the displacement of nearly 4 billion people in the last 20 years. Previous work on the health impacts of climate change was limited mostly to epidemiologic approaches and outcomes and focused less on multidisciplinary, multi-faceted collaborations between physical scientists, public health researchers and policy makers. Further, there was little attention paid to faith-based and ethical approaches to the problem. The solutions and actions we explore in this book engage diverse sectors of civil society, faith leadership, and political leadership, all oriented by ethics, advocacy, and policy with a special focus on poor and vulnerable populations. The book highlights areas we think will resonate broadly with the public, faith leaders, researchers and students across disciplines including the humanities, and policy makers.
Indoor Pollutants
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 1981-01-01
Indoor Pollutants written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1981-01-01 with Medical categories.
Discusses pollution from tobacco smoke, radon and radon progeny, asbestos and other fibers, formaldehyde, indoor combustion, aeropathogens and allergens, consumer products, moisture, microwave radiation, ultraviolet radiation, odors, radioactivity, and dirt and discusses means of controlling or eliminating them.
Air Pollution
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Author : Pallavi Saxena
language : en
Publisher: CABI
Release Date : 2018-12-19
Air Pollution written by Pallavi Saxena and has been published by CABI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-12-19 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Air pollution has become a major global issue due to rapid industrialization, human population growth and increasing urbanization. The various sources of atmospheric pollutants, both those created by human activity and those from natural physical and biological processes, have become the focus of much scientific research and analysis. An understanding of how these many pollutants are affecting air quality is essential in order to design strategies to mitigate them. Written by a team of international experts, this book aims to provide a broad overview of the issues surrounding air pollution and how to control and monitor pollution levels. Beginning with a brief background on the subject, the book moves on to discuss global emissions, with an emphasis on megacities and their effects. Possible pollution control measures and methods of air pollution measurement and modelling are also explored. The book ends with descriptions of the various indices used for assessing air quality with a focus on human health impacts, and a discussion on policy making to control air pollution. The book will be useful to students of environmental science and atmospheric science, as well as environmental consultants and researchers interested in air quality . Key Features: Comprehensive introduction to the primary causes of air pollution today with an emphasis on growing urban populations and megacities Discusses both anthropogenic and biogenic emissions and their effects on human health and the environment Gives an overview of indices used today for assessing air quality and describes current methods for air pollution monitoring and modelling Discusses new technologies for mitigating the effects of air pollution and policy making for implementation of controls
Advanced Air Pollution
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Author : Farhad Nejadkoorki
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2011-08-17
Advanced Air Pollution written by Farhad Nejadkoorki and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-08-17 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Leading air quality professionals describe different aspects of air pollution. The book presents information on four broad areas of interest in the air pollution field; the air pollution monitoring; air quality modeling; the GIS techniques to manage air quality; the new approaches to manage air quality. This book fulfills the need on the latest concepts of air pollution science and provides comprehensive information on all relevant components relating to air pollution issues in urban areas and industries. The book is suitable for a variety of scientists who wish to follow application of the theory in practice in air pollution. Known for its broad case studies, the book emphasizes an insightful of the connection between sources and control of air pollution, rather than being a simple manual on the subject.
Air Pollution Climate And Health
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Author : Meng Gao
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2021-04-14
Air Pollution Climate And Health written by Meng Gao and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-04-14 with Medical categories.
Air Pollution, Climate and Health integrates the current understanding of the issues of air pollution, climate change and human health. The book provides a comprehensive overview of these issues to help readers gain a better understanding of how they interact and impact air quality and public health. Regional examples from across the globe include issues related to PM 2.5, haze, winter pollution, heat related mortality and aerosols. These issues are addressed utilizing current research and laboratory-based, observation-based, and modeling-based analysis. This is an essential resource for all professionals investigating the impacts of climate change or air pollution on human health. Provides a comprehensive understanding of the interactions between climate change, air quality and human health Includes evidence-based findings to help clarify the mechanisms on how air pollution impacts climate and how a changing climate is impacting those pollutants Covers a number of pollution sources and products impacting climate change, including energy, haze, particulate matter, aerosols, PM 2.5 and transport
Global Sources Of Local Pollution
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2010-02-15
Global Sources Of Local Pollution written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-02-15 with Nature categories.
Recent advances in air pollution monitoring and modeling capabilities have made it possible to show that air pollution can be transported long distances and that adverse impacts of emitted pollutants cannot be confined to one country or even one continent. Pollutants from traffic, cooking stoves, and factories emitted half a world away can make the air we inhale today more hazardous for our health. The relative importance of this "imported" pollution is likely to increase, as emissions in developing countries grow, and air quality standards in industrial countries are tightened. Global Sources of Local Pollution examines the impact of the long-range transport of four key air pollutants (ozone, particulate matter, mercury, and persistent organic pollutants) on air quality and pollutant deposition in the United States. It also explores the environmental impacts of U.S. emissions on other parts of the world. The book recommends that the United States work with the international community to develop an integrated system for determining pollution sources and impacts and to design effective response strategies. This book will be useful to international, federal, state, and local policy makers responsible for understanding and managing air pollution and its impacts on human health and well-being.
Air Pollution The Automobile And Public Health
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Author : Sponsored by The Health Effects Institute
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 1988-01-01
Air Pollution The Automobile And Public Health written by Sponsored by The Health Effects Institute and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988-01-01 with Science categories.
"The combination of scientific and institutional integrity represented by this book is unusual. It should be a model for future endeavors to help quantify environmental risk as a basis for good decisionmaking." â€"William D. Ruckelshaus, from the foreword. This volume, prepared under the auspices of the Health Effects Institute, an independent research organization created and funded jointly by the Environmental Protection Agency and the automobile industry, brings together experts on atmospheric exposure and on the biological effects of toxic substances to examine what is knownâ€"and not knownâ€"about the human health risks of automotive emissions.