Vertical Restraints In The Digital Economy
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Vertical Restraints In The Digital Economy
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Author : Adina Claici
language : en
Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
Release Date : 2021-05-21
Vertical Restraints In The Digital Economy written by Adina Claici and has been published by Kluwer Law International B.V. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-05-21 with Law categories.
Vertical agreements between undertakings at the various levels of a supply chain have long been seen as a fundamental focus for antitrust legislation, such as the European Union’s Vertical Block Exemption Regulation (VBER). It goes without saying that such issues are particularly prevalent in digital markets. This authoritative commentary analyses the main restrictions in vertical agreements, emphasising the numerous new and contentious issues arising in the context of Internet distribution. It offers both legal and economic perspectives, as well as examines enforcement and possible changes to the legislation. The contributors – leading competition authority officials, lawyers, economists, and academics – provide in-depth discussions of topics that have emerged as areas for conscious policy choices, including the following: restrictions of online sales; price parity obligations; resale price maintenance; the duration of non-compete obligations; sustainability agreements; geo-blocking practices; and restraint of trade in pharmaceuticals. The contributions have emerged from the 2020 conference of the Global Competition Law Centre at the College of Europe in the context of the currently ongoing review of the VBER and vertical guidelines. With its multidisciplinary approach highlighting the efficiencies and harms caused by the restrictions at stake, this important book clearly shows how law and practice apply to specific issues relating to digital markets and how the law is likely to change in the near future. It will be of immeasurable value to lawyers and officials concerned with European competition law and academics in the field.
Vertical Restraints In The Digital Economy
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Author : Adina Claici
language : en
Publisher: Kluwer Law International
Release Date : 2021-05-21
Vertical Restraints In The Digital Economy written by Adina Claici and has been published by Kluwer Law International this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-05-21 with categories.
Vertical agreements between undertakings at the various levels of a supply chain have long been seen as a fundamental focus for antitrust legislation, such as the European Union's Vertical Block Exemption Regulation (VBER). It goes without saying that such issues are particularly prevalent in digital markets. This authoritative commentary analyses the main restrictions in vertical agreements, emphasising the numerous new and contentious issues arising in the context of Internet distribution. It offers both legal and economic perspectives, as well as examines enforcement and possible changes to the legislation. The contributors - leading competition authority officials, lawyers, economists, and academics - provide in-depth discussions of topics that have emerged as areas for conscious policy choices, including the following: restrictions of online sales; price parity obligations; resale price maintenance; the duration of non-compete obligations; sustainability agreements; geo-blocking practices; and restraint of trade in pharmaceuticals. The contributions have emerged from the 2020 conference of the Global Competition Law Centre at the College of Europe in the context of the currently ongoing review of the VBER and vertical guidelines. With its multidisciplinary approach highlighting the efficiencies and harms caused by the restrictions at stake, this important book clearly shows how law and practice apply to specific issues relating to digital markets and how the law is likely to change in the near future. It will be of immeasurable value to lawyers and officials concerned with European competition law and academics in the field.
Regulating Vertical Agreements
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Author : Maria Fernanda Caporale Madi
language : en
Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
Release Date : 2020-10-09
Regulating Vertical Agreements written by Maria Fernanda Caporale Madi and has been published by Kluwer Law International B.V. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-10-09 with Law categories.
Vertical agreements represent a variety of supply and distribution contracts involving different market players, such as suppliers of diverse inputs, manufacturers, distributors and retailers. They gain particular significance in a global economy where technological advances are dynamic and are changing all the time. Such agreements are signed among businesspeople on a daily basis, and antitrust experts around the world are often asked to advise on whether they have any negative impact on competition or whether they infringe antitrust law. Taking into consideration the complex economic impacts of these vertical alliances, and the different market conditions that firms face in a wide variety of situations, the author proposes an in-depth examination of the following topics: resale price-fixing; geo-blocking clauses; exclusive and selective distribution systems; the concept of ‘economic efficiency’ in the context of vertical restraints; self-assessment of potential anticompetitive effects and antitrust risks; ex post control of vertical restraints; digital economies and its policy impact; alternative enforcement models under various institutional frameworks; the role and influence of political pressure groups. The book offers very constructive theoretical and political insights at the frontier between the disciplines of Economics and Law. By comparing two world’s leading antitrust jurisdictions, this book explores the lessons to be learned from the legal rules in the European Union and in Brazil, considering their promises and drawbacks, and formulates policy recommendations.
Competition On The Internet
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Author : Gintarė Surblytė
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-11-24
Competition On The Internet written by Gintarė Surblytė and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-11-24 with Law categories.
Undeniably widespread and powerful as it is, the Internet is not almighty: it can reach as high as the skies (cloud computing), but it cannot escape competition. Yet, safeguarding competition in “the network of networks” is not without challenges: not only are competitive processes in platform-based industries complex, so is competition law analysis. The latter is often challenged by the difficulties in predicting the outcome of competition, in particular in terms of innovation. Do the specific competition law issues in a digital environment presuppose a reconsideration of competition law concepts and their application? Can current competition law tools be adjusted to the rush pace of dynamic industries? To what extent could competition law be supplemented by regulation – is the latter a foe or rather an ally? This book provides an analysis of recent developments in the most relevant competition law cases in a digital environment on both sides of the Atlantic (the EU and the US) and assesses platform competition issues from a legal as well as an economic point of view.
Competition Law For The Digital Economy
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Author : Björn Lundqvist
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2019-12-27
Competition Law For The Digital Economy written by Björn Lundqvist and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-12-27 with Law categories.
The digital economy is gradually gaining traction through a variety of recent technological developments, including the introduction of the Internet of things, artificial intelligence and markets for data. This innovative book contains contributions from leading competition law scholars who map out and investigate the anti-competitive effects that are developing in the digital economy.
The Evolution Of Antitrust In The Digital Era
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Author : Allan Fels
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020-10-10
The Evolution Of Antitrust In The Digital Era written by Allan Fels and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-10-10 with categories.
This collection of essays represents the first in a series of two volumes that set out to reflect the state of the art of antitrust thinking in digital markets in jurisdictions around the world. The issues it tackles are many: the role of innovation, the conundrum of big data, the evolution of media markets, and the question of whether existing antitrust tools are sufficient to deal with the challenges of digital markets. Each author tackles the overarching themes from their unique national perspective. The resulting tapestry reflects the challenges and opportunities presented by the modern digital era, viewed through the lens of competition enforcement.
Handbook Of Antitrust Economics
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Author : Paolo Buccirossi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008-03-21
Handbook Of Antitrust Economics written by Paolo Buccirossi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-03-21 with Business & Economics categories.
Experts examine the application of economic theory to antitrust issues in both the United States and Europe, discussing mergers, agreements, abuses of dominance, and the impact of market features. Over the past twenty years, economic theory has begun to play a central role in antitrust matters. In earlier days, the application of antitrust rules was viewed almost entirely in formal terms; now it is widely accepted that the proper interpretation of these rules requires an understanding of how markets work and how firms can alter their efficient functioning. The Handbook of Antitrust Economics offers scholars, students, administrators, courts, companies, and lawyers the economist's view of the subject, describing the application of newly developed theoretical models and improved empirical methods to antitrust and competition law in both the United States and the European Union. (The book uses the U.S. term “antitrust law” and the European “competition law” interchangeably, emphasizing the commonalities between the two jurisdictions.) After a general discussion of the use of empirical methods in antitrust cases, the Handbook covers mergers, agreements, abuses of dominance (or unilateral conducts), and market features that affect the way firms compete. Chapters examine such topics as analyzing the competitive effects of both horizontal and vertical mergers, detecting and preventing cartels, theoretical and empirical analysis of vertical restraints, state aids, the relationship of competition law to the defense of intellectual property, and the application of antitrust law to “bidding markets,” network industries, and two-sided markets. Contributors Mark Armstrong, Jonathan B. Baker, Timothy F. Bresnahan, Paulo Buccirossi, Nicholas Economides, Hans W. Friederiszick, Luke M. Froeb, Richard J. Gilbert, Joseph E. Harrington, Jr., Paul Klemperer, Kai-Uwe Kuhn, Francine Lafontaine, Damien J. Neven, Patrick Rey, Michael H. Riordan, Jean-Charles Rochet, Lars-Hendrick Röller, Margaret Slade, Giancarlo Spagnolo, Jean Tirole, Thibaud Vergé, Vincent Verouden, John Vickers, Gregory J. Werden
Vertical Agreements In Eu Competition Law
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Author : Frank Wijckmans
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 2011-11-10
Vertical Agreements In Eu Competition Law written by Frank Wijckmans and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-11-10 with Law categories.
Providing a detailed and practical analysis of the entire scope of the law relating to vertical agreements, including the new general block exemption regulations and the Vertical Guidelines, this book is an indispensible tool for all practitioners active in the drafting or reviewing of vertical agreements.
Resale Price Maintenance And The Law
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Author : Christy Kollmar
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2023-03-31
Resale Price Maintenance And The Law written by Christy Kollmar and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-03-31 with Law categories.
The question of how to properly enforce against RPM has been a contentious debate for decades on both sides of the Atlantic. The catalyst is the acceptance that RPM can generate both anti-competitive effects and pro-competitive efficiencies that need to be properly balanced to ensure against Type I/Type II errors and to create viable legislation. Part I focuses on 100 years of US origins and the current legal approach to VR enforcement, which reveals the precedent responsible for the transition between per se illegality and the rule of reason thresholds at the federal level. Nine anti-competitive and 19 pro-competitive theoretical models are also introduced to clearly demonstrate the true nonconsensus existent between economists as to whether RPM is deleterious enough to justify a stringent approach to RPM regulation. Part II closely examines the EU origins and current legal structure, where RPM has maintained its hardcore by-object designation pursuant to Art. 101(1) TFEU with the consequence of having no safe harbours, no applicability of the De Minimus Doctrine, an onerous negative rebuttable presumption, non-severability of the agreement and almost no chance of obtaining an exemption under Art. 101(3). This is exacerbated by the EC’s lack of guidance on how to prove all conditions necessary for an Art. 101(3) exemption and when a vertical arrangement actually escapes Art. 101(1) applicability. The aim of this book is to examine the economic models, historical origins and legal structures of the US/EU regimes to develop proposals on how to modify the EU’s current legal structure to ensure proper enforcement of RPM behaviour that actually enhances legal certainty through a more aligned approach at the national level. Part III proposes five solutions which scrutinise the concepts of appreciability, hardcore and by-object restraints, to implement modifications to EU’s current legal framework to ensure RPM receives reasonable and equitable treatment in line with economic theory.
Competition Policy
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Author : Emmanuel Combe
language : en
Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
Release Date : 2021-11-22
Competition Policy written by Emmanuel Combe and has been published by Kluwer Law International B.V. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-11-22 with Law categories.
Competition Policy An Empirical and Economic Approach Emmanuel Combe It is a truism of competition that, paradoxically, those who were responsible for yesterday’s innovations and productivity become obstacles to future growth. This is why competition law has been assigned such an important role in modern countries—to detect and sanction anticompetitive practices that prevent the entry of new, efficient competitors. This utterly original book, which thoroughly explains competition policy using economic analyses of European and U.S. antitrust cases, illuminates the complex but crucial back-and-forth between economic theory and competition law practice. Covering the full range of competition policy, from antitrust (cartels, abuse of dominant position) to merger control, the book not only offers a general view of competition policy in Europe and the United States but also clearly explains the economic underpinnings that guide it, thus illustrating how principles are applied in practice. Issues and topics include the following: economic approach of antitrust sanctions; role of criminal sanctions and private actions; factors favoring cartel formation and stability; role of leniency policies; vertical restraints in the age of e-commerce; economic assessment of R&D and licensing agreements; detecting and sanctioning predatory pricing; exploitative and exclusionary abuses; and impact of a horizontal, vertical and conglomerate mergers on competition. All the major fields of competition policy are clearly explained, with many illustrative examples from case law. There is also a chapter presenting an overview of competition policies around the world, as well as the legal and institutional framework within which they operate. At a time of increasing public concern regarding high industrial concentration, especially in the digital sector, the question of regulating competition is returning to the forefront. Given that the concepts and tools of economic analysis are widely used by competition authorities, this book gives lawyers a clear understanding of the objectives and instruments of competition policy. It will thus enable corporate counsel, academics, and policymakers to apply or formulate competition law with increased precision in their day-to-day work.