Visualizing The Miraculous Visualizing The Sacred
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Visualizing The Miraculous Visualizing The Sacred
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Author : Robert H. Jackson
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Release Date : 2014-10-21
Visualizing The Miraculous Visualizing The Sacred written by Robert H. Jackson and has been published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-10-21 with History categories.
French historian Robert Ricard postulated a quick and facile evangelization of the native populations of central Mexico. However, evidence shows that native peoples incorporated Catholicism into their religious beliefs on their own terms, and continued to make sacrifices to their traditional deities. In particular the deities of rain (Tlaloc and Dzahui) and the fertility of the soil (Xipe Totec) continued to be important following the conquest and the beginning of the so-called spiritual conquest. This study examines visual evidence of the persistence of traditional religious practices, including embedded pre-hispanic stones placed in churches and convents, and pre-hispanic iconography in what ostensibly were Christian murals.
Frontiers Of Evangelization
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Author : Robert H. Jackson
language : en
Publisher: University of Oklahoma Press
Release Date : 2017-07-21
Frontiers Of Evangelization written by Robert H. Jackson and has been published by University of Oklahoma Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-21 with History categories.
The Spanish crown wanted native peoples in its American territories to be evangelized and, to that end, facilitated the establishment of missions by various Catholic orders. Focusing on the Franciscan missions of the Sierra Gorda in Northern New Spain (Mexico) and the Jesuit missions of Chiquitos in what is now Bolivia, Frontiers of Evangelization takes a comparative approach to understanding the experiences of indigenous populations in missions on the frontiers of Spanish America. Marshaling a wealth of data from sacramental, military, and census records, Robert H. Jackson explores the many factors that influenced the stability of mission settlements, including the indigenous communities’ previous subsistence patterns and family structures, the evangelical techniques of the missionary orders, the social and political organization within the mission communities, and epidemiology in relation to population density and mobility. The two orders, Jackson’s research shows, organized and administered their missions very differently. The Franciscans took a heavy-handed approach and implemented disruptive social policies, while the Jesuits engaged in a comparatively “kinder and gentler” form of colonization. Yet the most critical factor to the missions’ success, Jackson finds, was the indigenous peoples’ existing demographic profile—in particular, their mobility. Nonsedentary populations, like the Pames and Jonaces of the Sierra Gorda, were more prone to demographic collapse once brought into the mission system, whereas sedentary groups, like the Guaraní of Chiquitos, experienced robust growth and greater resistance to disease and natural disaster. Drawing on more than three decades of scholarly work, this analysis of crucial archival material augments our understanding of the role of missions in colonization, and the fate of indigenous peoples in Spanish America.
Urban Plan Architecture And The Geography Of The Sacred In Colonial Morelos
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Author : Robert H. Jackson
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2024-12-02
Urban Plan Architecture And The Geography Of The Sacred In Colonial Morelos written by Robert H. Jackson and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-12-02 with Political Science categories.
In the sixteenth century, Franciscan, Dominican, and Augustinian missionaries attempted to evangelize the indigenous peoples of central Mexico. Indigenous peoples incorporated the new faith into their belief system on their own terms, and continued to conceptualize a sacred geography that ordered their world and regulated time. At the same time, the missionaries had new sacred complexes built, but the question remains, why did indigenous peoples dedicate labor and community resources to these projects? This study analyzes the urban plan of indigenous communities, the construction of new sacred complexes, and the ways in which the urban plan conformed to the notion of sacred geography.
Communities On A Frontier In Conflict
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Author : Robert H. Jackson
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Release Date : 2018-10-09
Communities On A Frontier In Conflict written by Robert H. Jackson and has been published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-10-09 with History categories.
In his historical satirical novel Candide, Voltaire (François-Marie Arouet) presented a fanciful vision of the Jesuit missions established among the Guaraní in parts of what today are Argentina, Paraguay, and Brazil. Some scholars have characterized the missions as having been a socialist utopia, or an independent republic located on the fringes of Spanish territory in South America. What was the reality? This study presents a detailed analysis of one of the Jesuit missions, Los Santos Mártires del Japón, and the story of the creation of mission communities on a frontier contested by Spain and Portugal during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. It documents the historical realities of the Jesuit missions, their patterns of development, and the demographic consequences for the mission populations of military conflict.
The Public Rituals Of Life Death And Resurrection In Tlayacapan Morelos Mexico
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Author : Robert H. Jackson
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Release Date : 2020-01-20
The Public Rituals Of Life Death And Resurrection In Tlayacapan Morelos Mexico written by Robert H. Jackson and has been published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-01-20 with History categories.
A process of social, cultural, and religious change occurred in central Mexico starting in the sixteenth century, following the Spanish conquest. Missionaries from different religious orders attempted to convert the indigenous peoples of central Mexico to Catholicism, and a part of this process involved the imposition of a new ritual cycle on the existing Mesoamerican cycle that governed agriculture and the cosmic order. This study describes the evolution and modern practice of the public ritual of life, death, and resurrection in Tlayacapan, Morelos. Tlayacapan is a community located in northern Morelos that has evolved from being a traditional community of Náhuas to a center of cultural tourism based on its architectural patrimony, artisan tradition, and, particularly, its public ritual. Carnival and the Day of the Dead continue to form a part of the traditional ritual cycle, but have also been used to attract tourism. This study discusses the modern practice of carnival, Holy Week and the Day of the Dead, and the historical origins of these public rituals.
Regional Conflict And Demographic Patterns On The Jesuit Missions Among The Guaran In The Seventeenth And Eighteenth Centuries
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Author : Robert H. Jackson
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2018-12-24
Regional Conflict And Demographic Patterns On The Jesuit Missions Among The Guaran In The Seventeenth And Eighteenth Centuries written by Robert H. Jackson and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-12-24 with History categories.
In the 17th and 18th centuries Spain and Portugal contested control of the disputed Rio de la Plata borderlands. The Jesuit missions among the Guarani played an important role in regional conflict through the provision of manpower for campaigns and supplies. However, regional conflict and particularly the mobilization of the mission militia and the movement of soldiers on campaign had demographic consequences for the populations of the missions such as the spread of contagion. This study documents regional conflict in the Rio de la Plata, the militarization of the Jesuit missions, and the demographic consequences of conflict for the mission populations.
A Visual Catalog Of Sixteenth Century Central Mexican Doctrinas
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Author : Fernando Esparragoza Amador
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Release Date : 2017-06-20
A Visual Catalog Of Sixteenth Century Central Mexican Doctrinas written by Fernando Esparragoza Amador and has been published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-06-20 with Religion categories.
The Spanish conquest of central Mexico in 1521 set in motion an evangelization campaign to convert the large indigenous populations to Catholicism. Franciscans, Dominicans, and Augustinians participated in the first stages of this campaign. The missionaries established doctrinas (missions) in many indigenous communities, and, during the sixteenth century, directed the construction of new sacred complexes, often on the site of pre-Hispanic temples. Many of the convent complexes still survive in various states of conservation. This Visual Catalog offers historical data regarding the convent complexes, as well as an extensive collection of photographs of the surviving buildings, murals, and design elements, and documents the Franciscan doctrinas. In the 1580s, Fray Antonio de Ciudad Real, O.F.M. accompanied the Comisario General Fray Alonso Ponce, O.F.M. on an inspection of the Franciscan installations in central Mexico and Central America. The book reproduces his descriptions of the Franciscan missions, and is accompanied by photographs of the convent complexes. It also documents the Dominican and Augustinian doctrinas, and discusses selected Jesuit colegios and missions in Mexico. The Jesuits first arrived in Mexico in 1572, and did not participate in the first evangelization campaign. They were active in urban missions and education, and also established missions on the far northern frontier of Mexico.
Holy Organ Or Unholy Idol
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Author : Lauren G. Kilroy-Ewbank
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2019-01-28
Holy Organ Or Unholy Idol written by Lauren G. Kilroy-Ewbank and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-28 with Art categories.
Holy Organ or Unholy Idol? focuses on the significance of the cult of the Sacred Heart of Jesus and its accompanying imagery in eighteenth-century New Spain. Lauren G. Kilroy-Ewbank considers paintings, prints, devotional texts, and archival sources within the Mexican context alongside issues and debates occurring in Europe to situate the New Spanish cult within local and global developments. She examines the iconography of these religious images and frames them within broader socio-political and religious discourses related to the Eucharist, the sun, the Jesuits, scientific and anatomical ideas, and mysticism. Images of the Heart helped to champion the cult’s validity as it was attacked by religious reformers.
The Routledge Handbook To The Culture And Media Of The Americas
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Author : Wilfried Raussert
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2020-03-02
The Routledge Handbook To The Culture And Media Of The Americas written by Wilfried Raussert and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-03-02 with Political Science categories.
Exploring the culture and media of the Americas, this handbook places particular emphasis on collective and intertwined experiences and focuses on the transnational or hemispheric dimensions of cultural flows and geocultural imaginaries that shape the literature, arts, media and other cultural expressions in the Americas. The Routledge Handbook to the Culture and Media of the Americas charts the pervasive, asymmetrical flows of cultural products and capital and their importance in the development of the Americas. The volume offers a comprehensive understanding of how inter-American communication is constituted, framed and structured, and covers the artistic and political dimensions that have shaped literature, art and popular culture in the region. Forty-six chapters cover a range of inter-American key concepts and dynamics, divided into two parts: Literature and Music deals with inter-American entanglements of artistic expressions in the Western Hemisphere, including music, dance, literary genres and developments. Media and Visual Cultures explores the inter-American dimension of media production in the hemisphere, including cinema and television, photography and art, journalism, radio, digital culture and issues such as freedom of expression and intellectual property. This multidisciplinary approach will be of interest to a broad array of academic scholars and students in history, sociology, political science; and cultural, postcolonial, gender, literary, globalization and media studies.
Franciscan Missions And The Chumash Uprising
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Author : Robert H. Jackson
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Release Date : 2025-02-23
Franciscan Missions And The Chumash Uprising written by Robert H. Jackson and has been published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-02-23 with History categories.
Between 1769 and 1834, Franciscan missionaries from the Apostolic College of San Fernando in Mexico City administered missions in what today is California. The Franciscans attempted to convert the indigenous peoples to Catholicism, and reshape their society and culture along with European norms. In 1824, three years after Mexico gained its independence from Spain, Chumash neophytes rebelled following the flogging by a Mexican soldier of a neophyte at Mission Santa Inés. The rebellion quickly spread to two other missions, and lasted a month until soldiers defeated the rebels. This book analyzes the long and short-term causes of the uprising, and the larger historical context. It focuses on the development of Mission La Purísima Concepción where the rebellion lasted the longest. A root cause of the uprising was deteriorating conditions of life on the missions resulting from the outbreak of the independence war in Mexico in 1810.