Vocal Fold Scar

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Vocal Fold Scar

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Author : Jaime Eaglin Moore
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016-05-13

Vocal Fold Scar written by Jaime Eaglin Moore and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-05-13 with Medical categories.

Vocal fold scar remains one of the most demanding and, in some ways, frustrating challenges of laryngology and voice therapy. Treatments for this complex condition are inconsistent and often produce suboptimal results. Yet, while hopes for full recovery remain slim, surgical methods and improving technologies, along with improved therapy techniques, have combined to yield better and better outcomes; and further advances are on the horizon. In this new book, Moore, Sataloff, and Hawshaw have collaborated with world leaders in laryngology and speech-language pathology to compile the latest information on the pathophysiology of vocal fold scar, treatments, procedures and, importantly, look at the promising directions in research. The authors introduce the various causes and sequelae of scar, examine anatomy and pathophysiology, and take the reader through diagnostic procedures. Thereafter, they review preoperative therapy options and providing practical guidance on surgical methods including medialization, techniques for freeing the epithelium, management of sulcus, grafting, and the use of lasers. The book discusses tissue engineering and newer treatment options, including epidermal growth factor (EGF) and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF- 1). The book summarizes the state of the art in diagnosis and treatment of vocal fold scar and should be valuable for any clinician who cares for the patient with this vexing problem."

Identification Of Biomechanically Valid Cell Therapeutics For Vocal Fold Scarring

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Author : Rebecca Susan Bartlett
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014

Identification Of Biomechanically Valid Cell Therapeutics For Vocal Fold Scarring written by Rebecca Susan Bartlett and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.

Candidate cell sources for vocal fold scar treatment include mesenchymal stromal cells from bone marrow (BM-MSC) and adipose tissue (AT-MSC). The mechanosensitivity of MSC can alter highly relevant aspects of their behavior, yet virtually nothing is known about how MSC might respond to the dynamic mechanical environment of the larynx. Our objective was to evaluate MSC as a potential cell source for vocal fold tissue engineering using a mechanically relevant in vitro model (Study 1) and in vivo model (Study 2). In Study 1, a bioreactor capable of reproducing the vocal mechanoenvironment was used to evaluate the genomic similarity between MSC and vocal fold fibroblasts (VFF) following vibratory strain. Posterior probabilities for each of the 53,617 microarray transcripts fitting into specific expression patterns were calculated. VFF shared more Gene Ontology (GO) wound healing terms with BM-MSC than with AT-MSC. For example, vibrated VFF and BM-MSC shared similar capacities for glycosaminoglycan and proteoglycan activity, which could favorably effect collagen remodeling in vocal scar. Analysis of GO terms relating to MSC differentiation toward osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic lineages revealed that BM-MSC expressed fewer osteogenesis terms in the vibrated and scaffold conditions as compared to the polystyrene condition. This was consistent with our hypothesis that tissue-relevant stress encourages tissue-relevant cell differentiation. Lastly, mechanotransductive mechanisms underlying phonatory biology were preliminarily discussed with regard to microarray data, with integrin and lamellipodia activity distinguishing vibrated from non-vibrated cells. Microarray data was confirmed with real-time PCR. Immunostaining for Ki67 (proliferation) was positive in 15- 23% of cells, and cleaved caspase 3 (apoptosis) was positive in 2-7% of cells, and neither varied with cell type or mechanical condition. In Study 2, mature rabbit vocal scars were treated with four variations of MSC therapy. Nine weeks following injection, vocal folds receiving BM-MSC without a hyaluronic acid hydrogel produced the highest levels of a desirable adipogenesis marker (lipoprotein lipase) and an undesirable osteogenesis marker (osteocalcin). Osteocalcin was expressed 452-fold lower than in bone tissue, suggesting a clinically insignificant vocal fold level. As our field progresses toward clinical trials of cell-based vocal scar therapies, consideration of mechanotransductive and differentiation profiles is prudent.

Vocal Fold Injection

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Author : Byung-Joo Lee
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-09-07

Vocal Fold Injection written by Byung-Joo Lee and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-09-07 with Medical categories.

This book provides step-by-step illustrated descriptions of diverse vocal fold injection techniques, including some not previously described. The aim is to provide laryngologists in general, and especially those who are less experienced, with the detailed understanding and guidance needed in order to achieve optimal outcomes. Highly experienced experts describe approaches via the transoral, transnasal, and transcutaneous routes and offer guidance on indications, injection materials, pre- and postoperative care, and the management of complications. Special considerations that must be borne in mind when employing different vocal fold injection techniques, in different settings, are also carefully explained. In offering comprehensive, up-to-date information on this minimally invasive and cost-effective procedure, Vocal Fold Injection will be an essential aid for practitioners.

Atlas Of Strobolaryngoscopy

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Author : Wen Xu
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2019-08-29

Atlas Of Strobolaryngoscopy written by Wen Xu and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-08-29 with Medical categories.

Specializing in viewing of vocal fold vibration, strobolaryngoscopy is a valuable tool for laryngologists and speech-language pathologists in diagnosis of pharyngolaryngeal diseases. This book presents 300 high-quality images and 18 videos from selected representative cases, which help practitioners to grasp the key diagnostic points of srobolaryngoscopy quickly. By watching the videos, readers can observe the vibratory characteristics of vocal folds in details. The book is presented in two parts: The first part is the overview of the strobolaryngoscopy, and the second part focuses on the strobolaryngoscopic signs of common pharngolaryngeal diseases. With the illustrative figures and videos, this book is a practicable reference to laryngologists and speech pathologists.

Vocal Fold Injury And Repair

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Author : Susan L. Thibeault
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001

Vocal Fold Injury And Repair written by Susan L. Thibeault and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with categories.

Vocal Fold Injury And Scar Modulation In An Ovine Model

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Author : Jacqueline Elizabeth Allen
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020

Vocal Fold Injury And Scar Modulation In An Ovine Model written by Jacqueline Elizabeth Allen and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with categories.

Vocal fold injury that results in scarring, creates a permanent vocal deficit that currently has no reliable or efficacious treatment. Impaired voicing has significant occupational, social and personal impacts. More than 25% of adults identify themselves as vocal professionals, needing voice for work, and almost all social situations are based on spoken communication. Many recreational pursuits are also voice-dependent and loss of the ability to contribute is socially isolating. This corpus of work has examined the mechanisms involved in wound healing in the vocal fold (VF), in the context of general wound healing, but focusing on the unique microarchitecture that the VF exhibits. In gaining understanding of the molecular mechanisms, I have chosen to target a fibrotic pathway, the TGF-b cascade, and its transducer the Smad signalling proteins, to evaluate whether favourable modulation of VF wound healing is possible. This research aimed to validate an ovine laryngeal injury model, and determine the tolerability and efficacy of a specific Smad3 inhibitor - halofuginone - in modifying the fibrotic cascade, and ascertain whether any identified histological changes translated to meaningful rheological alterations. All sheep underwent controlled right VF injury and were then exposed to one of four experimental conditions. Sheep were assigned in a paired study design (left VF vs right VF) to receive no medications, halofuginone at varying dose levels, dexamethasone or triamcinolone. Comparison medications were selected based on current clinical practice. Ovine larynges were then harvested and examined for histological findings, immunohistochemical analysis and ex-vivo rheological evaluation. VF wounding demonstrated a predictable and consistent pattern from injury to restitution which was responsive to administered medication. Halofuginone and dexamethasone moderated collagen deposition (anti-fibrotic). However, halofuginone also protected against elastin depletion after injury. Ovine larynges produced consistent oscillation following treatment and healing, confirming that histological findings were reflected in functional phonation. VF injury in an ovine model results in a predictable wound response, mediated by the TGF-b pathway and able to be modified by Smad3 inhibitor, halofuginone, with benefit to vibratory function. This suggests this pathway is a suitable target for manipulation to prevent or reverse fibrosis in the glottis and restore voice quality.

Towards A Better Understanding Of The Acute And Chronic Stages Of Vocal Fold Wound Repair

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Author : Bernard Rousseau
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004

Towards A Better Understanding Of The Acute And Chronic Stages Of Vocal Fold Wound Repair written by Bernard Rousseau and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with categories.

An In Vivo Study Of A Novel Composite Hyaluronic Acid And Gelatin Hydrogel To Improve Healing Of Vocal Fold Scars In A Rat Model

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Author : Yazeed Alghonaim
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015

An In Vivo Study Of A Novel Composite Hyaluronic Acid And Gelatin Hydrogel To Improve Healing Of Vocal Fold Scars In A Rat Model written by Yazeed Alghonaim and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.

"AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis: The primary objective of this study was to investigate the healing potential of a novel hierarchically micro-structured Hyaluronic Acid (HA)-gelatin (Ge) hydrogel in the treatment of acute vocal fold injury using a rat model. A secondary objective was to evaluate the feasibility of the rat vocal fold for scar and injection studies.Study Design: Experimental Randomized Prospective StudyMethods: Vocal fold injury was performed unilaterally in 36 rats. The animals were stratified into three groups. Each group had 25 μl of either saline, HA bulk or HA-gelatin hydrogel injected into the lamina propria five days after injury. Vocal folds were then harvested at 56 days after injection and were analyzed using immunohistochemistry. Immunofluoresence staining was performed on collagen type I, collagen type III and elastinResults: No major reaction to the injectable material was observed. When comparing protein densities between the right injured and left uninjured vocal fold; Type I collagen densities was higher in the saline and HA-Ge groups relative to the uninjured samples (p=0.31 and 0.917 respectively). Collagen type III densities, on the other hand, were greater than in the uninjured controls in both HA-bulk and HA-GE groups (p=0.012 and 0.028 respectively). The density of elastin was higher in the HA-bulk and HA-GE groups when compared to the uninjured vocal folds but statistically significant in only the HA-GE group (P=0.128 and 0.036 respectively).On the other hand, when comparing protein densities on the right vocal fold between the treatment groups; we found The relative densities of elastin and collagen III were greater in the HA-bulk group than in the saline group (p = 0.032 and 0.07, respectively). Likewise, elastin and collagen type III were of greater densities in the HA-GE group than in the saline group (p =0.014 and 0.004, respectively).Conclusions: Local HA-gelatin injection shows some potential tissue remodeling and did not cause any inflammatory response during the course of this study. The rat vocal fold is an excellent model for laryngeal studies." --

Operative Techniques In Laryngology

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Author : Clark A. Rosen
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2008-08-26

Operative Techniques In Laryngology written by Clark A. Rosen and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-08-26 with Medical categories.

Filling a void that currently exists in otolaryngology textbooks, this is a comprehensive text on laryngeal surgery that can be used by physicians to prepare for surgical cases. It contains explicit step-by-step descriptions of surgical procedures so that the reader can "learn to operate". The surgical atlas is written by experts with step-by-step surgical maneuvers for various laryngeal procedures that encompass both microlaryngeal surgery and laryngeal framework surgery. Postoperative care and complications are also covered to round out the information. The atlas is richly illustrated to highlight the difficult three-dimensional anatomic concepts.

Voice Quality

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Author : John H. Esling
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2019-06-20

Voice Quality written by John H. Esling and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-06-20 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.

Offers a new model of vocal tract articulation that explains laryngeal and oral voice quality, both auditorily and visually, through language examples and familiar voices.