Volume Changes In Some Mixed Alkali Silicate Glasses And Their Influence On The Mixed Alkali Effect
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Volume Changes In Some Mixed Alkali Silicate Glasses And Their Influence On The Mixed Alkali Effect
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Author : Ronald Van Caporali
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date :
Volume Changes In Some Mixed Alkali Silicate Glasses And Their Influence On The Mixed Alkali Effect written by Ronald Van Caporali and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with Glass categories.
The Mixed Alkali Effect In Lithium Sodium Silicate Glasses
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Author : Anthony Manuel Asseiro
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1991
The Mixed Alkali Effect In Lithium Sodium Silicate Glasses written by Anthony Manuel Asseiro and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with Glass categories.
The Mixed Alkali Effect In Silicate And Borate Glasses
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Author : Rachel Diana Williams
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1991
The Mixed Alkali Effect In Silicate And Borate Glasses written by Rachel Diana Williams and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with categories.
Mixed Alkali Effects In Silicate Glasses
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Author : Edward William Tokarsky
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1969
Mixed Alkali Effects In Silicate Glasses written by Edward William Tokarsky and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1969 with categories.
Internal Friction Of Mixed Alkali Silicate Glasses
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Author : J. E. Shelby
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1967
Internal Friction Of Mixed Alkali Silicate Glasses written by J. E. Shelby and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1967 with Alkalies categories.
"The mixed alkali effect in silicate glasses was examined from internal friction measurements made over the temperature range from -190 to 500°C and at a frequency of 0.4 Hz. Supplemental measurements of the activation energy for the different internal friction peaks, dynamic shear modulus, density, and index of refraction were also made. All measurements were confined to silicate glasses containing mixtures of Li-Na, Li-K, Li-Rb, Li-Cs, Na-K, Na-Rb, Na-Cs, and K-Rb. Rötger's interpretation of the internal friction of mixed-alkali silicate glasses is shown to be incorrect. A previously unreported internal friction peak was observed whenever two different alkali oxides were present simultaneously, The behavior of this peak in the different mixed alkali glasses is more easily correlated with the radius ratio of the two alkali ions present than with the mass ratio. A stress induced alkali ion position interchange is suggested as the probable mechanism responsible for this peak"--Abstract, leaf ii.
Masters Theses And Doctoral Dissertations In The Pure And Applied Sciences Accepted By Colleges And Universities Of The United States
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1968
Masters Theses And Doctoral Dissertations In The Pure And Applied Sciences Accepted By Colleges And Universities Of The United States written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1968 with Chemistry categories.
Master S Theses And Doctoral Dissertations In The Pure And Applied Sciences
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1968
Master S Theses And Doctoral Dissertations In The Pure And Applied Sciences written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1968 with Dissertations, Academic categories.
Structure Property Relations Of Mixed Alkali And Ion Exchange Silicate Glasses
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Author : Courtney Marie Calahoo
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Structure Property Relations Of Mixed Alkali And Ion Exchange Silicate Glasses written by Courtney Marie Calahoo and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
Improvement of the mechanical properties of glass was undertaken by furthering understanding of the fundamental relationships between composition, structure and mechanical response. Glasses which were known to already have desirable mechanical properties were made and analysed in order to establish correlations between different properties. Ion exchange (IE), where a smaller ion is replaced by a larger ion without subsequent structural relaxation, causes surface compressive stresses which increase strength and scratch resistance significantly. Micro-Raman spectroscopy was employed to directly measure the volumetric negative strain (contraction) and compressive stress as a function of IE processing temperature by observing changes in Raman peaks correlated with Si-O bond lengths and Si-O-Si bond angles. From the Raman data, the strain of the glass network and consequent stress was calculated relative to several reference states. The reference state of relaxed, fully exchanged glass produced results which matched the complex experimental behaviour. The mechanical response of the IE layer was probed using nano-indentation. Stiffness and hardness were measured as a function of distance from the surface and IE temperature. Additionally, elastic recovery and resistance to plastic deformation were determined. Low IE temperatures (which the Raman results indicated contained the most compressive stress) were observed to improve mechanical properties more than higher IE temperatures, likely due to increased thermal relaxation. The mixed-modifier effect (MME), a deviation from additivity when two or more different types of modifying cations are combined, is known to exist in in static, dynamic and mechanical properties. Yet, the underlying mechanism of the MME is poorly understood, thus, a comprehensive study of several mixed-modifier glass series was undertaken to better elucidate the complex relationships between these three categories of properties. The most significant predictor of the MME was the valence(s) of the mixed cations. Furthermore, the MME in conductivity, packing fraction, bulk modulus, hardness and fracture toughness was related to relative cationic field strength and ionic radii. The MME in shear modulus, Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio was related to structural connectivity rather than the properties of the modifier cations.
Ceramic Abstracts
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
Ceramic Abstracts written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Ceramics categories.
Mixed Alkali Effect In Phosphate Glasses
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Author : Gurram Giridhar
language : en
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
Release Date : 2013-01
Mixed Alkali Effect In Phosphate Glasses written by Gurram Giridhar and has been published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-01 with categories.
Phosphate glasses have several advantages over conventional silicate and borate glasses due to their superior physical properties such as high thermal expansion coefficient, low melting and softening temperatures, and high ultraviolet transmission for different potential industrial and scientific applications. Phosphate glasses are structurally interesting because they accept a wide range of ion substitution. The PO4 tetrahedrons are linked together with covalent bonding in chains or rings by bridging oxygens. Neighboring phosphate chains are linked together by cross bonding between the metal cations and two non-bridging oxygen atoms of each PO4 tetrahedron. For the Transition Metal ions, the d orbitals are five-fold degenerate. In crystals as well as glasses, the orbital degeneracy is lifted due to the presence of surrounding ligands. This work explains the existence of mixed alkali effect by the bond nature, site symmetry of various first group transition metal ions in a vitreous Phosphate glass network.