Voting Paradox
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Voting Paradox
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Author : Fouad Sabry
language : en
Publisher: One Billion Knowledgeable
Release Date : 2024-10-16
Voting Paradox written by Fouad Sabry and has been published by One Billion Knowledgeable this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-10-16 with Political Science categories.
"Voting Paradox," part of the "Political Science" series, dives deep into democratic decision-making, unraveling electoral dilemmas and anomalies in modern voting systems. It's an essential read for professionals, students, and enthusiasts seeking insights into the complexities of voting theory. 1: Paradox of voting - Challenges the notion of rational voting and its effectiveness. 2: Approval voting - Explores strategic complexities of casting positive votes. 3: Strategic voting - Reveals how voters use tactics to shape election outcomes. 4: Condorcet paradox - Examines majority preference contradictions in pairwise voting. 5: Condorcet method - Evaluates ways to resolve the Condorcet paradox with pairwise comparisons. 6: Median voter theorem - Analyzes how the median voter impacts electoral outcomes. 7: The Myth of the Rational Voter - Discusses voter biases and their democratic implications. 8: Borda count - Assesses the fairness of this ranked voting method. 9: Instant-runoff voting - Evaluates sequential elimination of candidates for majority support. 10: Comparison of electoral systems - Compares strengths and weaknesses in voter representation. 11: Public choice - Applies economic theory to political decision-making. 12: Rational ignorance - Explores voter apathy and disinterest in political knowledge. 13: Condorcet winner criterion - Defines challenges in achieving an agreeable election outcome. 14: Participation criterion - Examines voting systems that promote voter engagement. 15: CPO-STV - Balances proportional representation in multi-seat elections. 16: Rational irrationality - Investigates how irrational actions lead to predictable outcomes. 17: Electoral system - Analyzes the influence of electoral systems on democracy. 18: Ranked voting - Explores the fairness of ranked voting in diverse preferences. 19: Altruism theory of voting - Questions the role of altruism in voter behavior. 20: Impartial culture - Advocates for fair and transparent decision-making. 21: Condorcet efficiency - Evaluates how efficiently systems represent voter preferences. "Voting Paradox" offers not only knowledge but actionable insights into democratic governance, making it an indispensable resource for anyone looking to explore the complexities of electoral systems and voting theory.
Voting Paradoxes And How To Deal With Them
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Author : Hannu Nurmi
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1999-09-17
Voting Paradoxes And How To Deal With Them written by Hannu Nurmi and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-09-17 with Business & Economics categories.
Voting paradoxes are unpleasant surprises encountered in elections. They pertain to such phenomena as additional support being detrimental for candidates and not voting leading to better outcomes than voting for some voters. No voting system is immune to all paradoxes and, therefore voting paradoxes are being dealt with by all voting systems currently in use. How they are and how they should be handled is the main subject of this book. The book outlines, explains and classifies a number of paradoxes: Borda`s and Condorcet`s classic ones, several monotonicity and compound majority paradoxes as well as some paradoxes of representation. Both theoretical and practical ways of avoiding them are discussed.
Voting Paradoxes And Group Coherence
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Author : William V. Gehrlein
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2010-11-11
Voting Paradoxes And Group Coherence written by William V. Gehrlein and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-11-11 with Business & Economics categories.
The likelihood of observing Condorcet's Paradox is known to be very low for elections with a small number of candidates if voters’ preferences on candidates reflect any significant degree of a number of different measures of mutual coherence. This reinforces the intuitive notion that strange election outcomes should become less likely as voters’ preferences become more mutually coherent. Similar analysis is used here to indicate that this notion is valid for most, but not all, other voting paradoxes. This study also focuses on the Condorcet Criterion, which states that the pairwise majority rule winner should be chosen as the election winner, if one exists. Representations for the Condorcet Efficiency of the most common voting rules are obtained here as a function of various measures of the degree of mutual coherence of voters’ preferences. An analysis of the Condorcet Efficiency representations that are obtained yields strong support for using Borda Rule.
Condorcet S Paradox
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Author : William V. Gehrlein
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2006-08-29
Condorcet S Paradox written by William V. Gehrlein and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-08-29 with Business & Economics categories.
Condorcet’s Paradox has been formally studied by an amazing number of people in many different contexts for more than two centuries. Peter Fishburn introduced the basic notion of the Paradox to me in 1971 during a course in Social Choice Theory at Pennsylvania State University. My immediate response to seeing the simple example that he presented was that this phenomenon certainly could not be very likely to ever be observed in reality. Peter quickly suggested that I should work on developing some representations for the probability that the Paradox might occur, and very soon thereafter that pursuit began. It is only after 35 years of effort, with a lot of help from Peter, that I now feel that a good answer can be given to the challenge that was presented in that classroom in 1971. Many people have suggested to me over the years that a book like this should be completed, since the source material is spread over such a wide variety of disciplines of a- demic journals and books that it is very difficult for people to know what has been done, and has not been done, in this area of determining representations for the probability that Condorcet’s Paradox would ever be observed in reality.
Voting Procedures Under Uncertainty
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Author : Hannu Nurmi
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2002-05-27
Voting Procedures Under Uncertainty written by Hannu Nurmi and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-05-27 with Business & Economics categories.
This book deals with how uncertainty can be dealt with in models of voting procedures. Using the recent U.S. presidential elections as an example, it demonstrates the extremely large variation in voter opinions that would have resulted in the same observed outcome. Another case discussed to some extent is the vote in German Bundestag that resulted in the transfer of government and parliament from Bonn to Berlin. Also this vote as well as the 2001 British parliamentary elections exhibit a high degree of procedure dependence of outcomes. It turns out that differences in voting outcomes can be explained by differences in the description of consensus states and ways in measuring preferences distances.
Voting Procedures Under A Restricted Domain
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Author : Dan S. Felsenthal
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-04-02
Voting Procedures Under A Restricted Domain written by Dan S. Felsenthal and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-04-02 with Business & Economics categories.
This book deals with 20 voting procedures used or proposed for use in elections resulting in the choice of a single winner. These procedures are evaluated in terms of their ability to avoid five important paradoxes in a restricted domain, viz., when a Condorcet winner exists and is elected in the initial profile. Together with the two companion volumes by the same authors, published by Springer in 2017 and 2018, this book aims at giving a comprehensive overview of the most important advantages and disadvantages of voting procedures thereby assisting decision makers in the choice of a voting procedure that would best suit their purposes.
Paradoxes
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: PediaPress
Release Date :
Paradoxes written by and has been published by PediaPress this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
Power Voting And Voting Power
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Author : M. J. Holler
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Power Voting And Voting Power written by M. J. Holler and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Business & Economics categories.
Any normative theory of democracy involves notions of equity, which are supposed to guide collective decisions. On the other hand, a descriptive theory of any decision-making body must take into account the distribution of power in that body. The development of collective decision theory along two different paths reflects these two foci of interest in the theory of democracy. One direction can be subsumed under the theory of social choice, the other under the theory of games. In the theory of social choice, the participants are characterized only by their preferences among a set of alternatives (candidates, courses of action, etc. ). They do not choose among these alternatives. They only submit their preferences to some central authority ("the Society"), which then chooses among the alternatives in accordance with some fixed rule of aggregating the preferences. On the other hand, the point of departure in the theory of games is a set of actors, each of whom can choose between alternative courses of action (strategies). The totality of choices results in an outcome, which gener ally has different utilities for the different actors. In this book, both approaches are presented in selected papers, from which the reader can get an excellent overview of the state of the art. Both branches of formal decision theory, the theory of social choice and the theory of games, were developed in mathematical language, but very little technical mathematical knowledge is required to follow the arguments.
Cardinal Voting
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Author : Fouad Sabry
language : en
Publisher: One Billion Knowledgeable
Release Date : 2024-09-04
Cardinal Voting written by Fouad Sabry and has been published by One Billion Knowledgeable this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-09-04 with Political Science categories.
Unlock the power of voting systems with "Cardinal Voting," part of the "Political Science" series. This book delves into cardinal voting—a revolutionary method where voters rate candidates, offering a new perspective on electoral fairness and decision-making. 1-Cardinal Voting-Learn the basics of cardinal voting, where voters use a numerical scale to express preferences, providing a richer view than traditional methods. 2-Approval Voting-Understand approval voting, where voters simply approve or disapprove of candidates, and its connection to cardinal voting for better accuracy. 3-Score Voting-Explore score voting, where candidates are rated, and its impact on elections compared to other systems. 4-Condorcet Paradox-Discover the Condorcet paradox and its effects on cardinal voting by highlighting voting system complexities. 5-Arrow's Impossibility Theorem-Analyze Arrow's theorem and its implications for designing effective cardinal voting systems. 6-Independence of Irrelevant Alternatives-Examine this key criterion affecting fairness in voting systems and its relevance to cardinal voting. 7-Gibbard–Satterthwaite Theorem-Understand this theorem’s insights into strategic voting and its limitations within cardinal voting. 8-Bucklin Voting-Learn about Bucklin voting, blending ranked and cardinal voting elements, and its decision-making impact. 9-Majority Criterion-Review the majority criterion’s role in ensuring cardinal voting reflects true majority preferences. 10-Positional Voting-Compare positional and cardinal voting systems, and see how each affects electoral outcomes. 11-Strategic Voting-Investigate strategic voting and its impact on the integrity of cardinal voting systems. 12-Allan Gibbard-Explore Allan Gibbard’s contributions to voting theory and their influence on cardinal voting. 13-Social Choice and Individual Values-Examine the link between social choice theory and individual preferences in cardinal voting. 14-Later-no-harm Criterion-Understand how this criterion preserves voter preferences in cardinal voting systems. 15-Majority Judgment-Consider majority judgment as an alternative to cardinal voting and its potential benefits. 16-Ranked Voting-Compare ranked voting with cardinal voting to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of each. 17-Comparison of Electoral Systems-Get a detailed comparison of electoral systems and the unique benefits of cardinal voting. 18-Gibbard's Theorem-Revisit Gibbard’s theorem and its effect on strategic behavior in cardinal voting. 19-Combined Approval Voting-Explore combined approval voting and its integration with cardinal voting principles. 20-Highest Median Voting Rules-Understand highest median voting rules and their role in cardinal voting. 21-Usual Judgment-Learn about usual judgment and its impact on electoral outcomes alongside cardinal voting. "Cardinal Voting" offers deep insights into electoral systems, bridging theory with practical application. Elevate your understanding of voting systems today.
Elections Voting Rules And Paradoxical Outcomes
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Author : William V. Gehrlein
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-10-14
Elections Voting Rules And Paradoxical Outcomes written by William V. Gehrlein and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-10-14 with Business & Economics categories.
This monograph studies voting procedures based on the probability that paradoxical outcomes like the famous Condorcet Paradox might exist. It is well known that hypothetical examples of many different paradoxical election outcomes can be developed, but this analysis examines factors that are related to the process by which voters form their preferences on candidates that will significantly reduce the likelihood that such voting paradoxes will ever actually be observed. It is found that extreme forms of voting paradoxes should be uncommon events with a small number of candidates. Another consideration is the propensity of common voting rules to elect the Condorcet Winner, which is widely accepted as the best choice as the winner, when it exists. All common voting rules are found to have identifiable scenarios for which they perform well on the basis of this criterion. But, Borda Rule is found to consistently work well at electing the Condorcet Winner, while the other voting rules have scenarios where they work poorly or have a very small likelihood of electing a different candidate than Borda Rule. The conclusions of previous theoretical work are presented in an expository format and they are validated with empirically-based evidence. Practical implications of earlier studies are also developed.