Water And Sanitation Interventions To Prevent And Control Mosquito Borne Diseases
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Water And Sanitation Interventions To Prevent And Control Mosquito Borne Diseases
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Author : United Nations Children's Fund
language : en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date : 2024-04-11
Water And Sanitation Interventions To Prevent And Control Mosquito Borne Diseases written by United Nations Children's Fund and has been published by World Health Organization this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-04-11 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Climate change, conflict and human displacement are all growing in scale, increasing the spread of mosquito-borne diseases. A number of effective water, sanitation and waste management measures exist and can be implemented to prevent mosquito-borne diseases. This WHO/UNICEF technical note provides practical information for implementing such measures with a focus on emergency contexts.
Environmental Health Engineering In The Tropics
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Author : Sandy Cairncross
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2018-11-12
Environmental Health Engineering In The Tropics written by Sandy Cairncross and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-11-12 with Medical categories.
This fully updated third edition of the classic text, widely cited as the most important and useful book for health engineering and disease prevention, describes infectious diseases in tropical and developing countries, and the effective measures that may be used against them. The infections described include the diarrhoeal diseases, the common gut worms, Guinea worm, schistosomiasis, malaria, Bancroftian filariasis and other mosquito-borne infections. The environmental interventions that receive most attention are domestic water supplies and improved excreta disposal. Appropriate technology for these interventions, and also their impact on infectious diseases, are documented in detail. This third edition includes new sections on arsenic in groundwater supplies and arsenic removal technologies, and new material in most chapters, including water supplies in developing countries and surface water drainage.
Water And Sanitation Related Diseases And The Environment
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Author : Janine M. H. Selendy
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2011-10-07
Water And Sanitation Related Diseases And The Environment written by Janine M. H. Selendy and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-10-07 with Science categories.
Written by authorities from various related specialties, this book presents the most complete treatment possible of the conditions responsible for water- and sanitation-related diseases, the pathogens and their biology, morbidity and mortality resulting from lack of safe water and sanitation, distribution of these diseases, and the conditions that must be met to reduce or eradicate them. Preventive measures and solutions are presented throughout. This book is an essential resource for all graduate students, postdoctoral scholars, and professionals in infectious disease, public health and medicine, chemical and environmental engineering, and international affairs. Key features: Provides a comprehensive understanding of the interconnection among many factors related to water-related diseases, sanitation and hygiene Brings together experts from various specialties to address each area covered and to assist in bringing about the understanding of those interconnections Provides examples of successful interventions with knowledge about how they were brought about so that information can be use to replicate the initiative in full or in part Provides an appreciation of the concerns and solutions addressed from an international perspective with high and low technological solutions Provides insight into the international dimension of these concerns and how they can be best addressed
Manual On Environmental Management For Mosquito Control
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Author : World Health Organization
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1982
Manual On Environmental Management For Mosquito Control written by World Health Organization and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1982 with Environmental engineering categories.
Global Issues In Water Sanitation And Health
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Author : Institute of Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2009-10-25
Global Issues In Water Sanitation And Health written by Institute of Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-10-25 with Medical categories.
As the human population grows-tripling in the past century while, simultaneously, quadrupling its demand for water-Earth's finite freshwater supplies are increasingly strained, and also increasingly contaminated by domestic, agricultural, and industrial wastes. Today, approximately one-third of the world's population lives in areas with scarce water resources. Nearly one billion people currently lack access to an adequate water supply, and more than twice as many lack access to basic sanitation services. It is projected that by 2025 water scarcity will affect nearly two-thirds of all people on the planet. Recognizing that water availability, water quality, and sanitation are fundamental issues underlying infectious disease emergence and spread, the Institute of Medicine held a two-day public workshop, summarized in this volume. Through invited presentations and discussions, participants explored global and local connections between water, sanitation, and health; the spectrum of water-related disease transmission processes as they inform intervention design; lessons learned from water-related disease outbreaks; vulnerabilities in water and sanitation infrastructure in both industrialized and developing countries; and opportunities to improve water and sanitation infrastructure so as to reduce the risk of water-related infectious disease.
Handbook For Integrated Vector Management
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Author : World Health Organization
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Handbook For Integrated Vector Management written by World Health Organization and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Medical categories.
Integrated vector management (IVM) is a rational decision-making process for optimal use of resources for vector control. The aim of the IVM approach is to contribute to achievement of the global targets set for vector-borne disease control, by making vector control more efficient, cost-effective, ecologically sound and sustainable. Use of IVM helps vector control programs to find and use more local evidence, to integrate interventions where appropriate and to collaborate within the health sector and with other sectors, as well as with households and communities. By reorientating to IVM, vector control programs will be better able to meet the growing challenges in the control of malaria, dengue and other vector-borne diseases in the face of dwindling public sector human and financial resources. This handbook presents an operational framework to guide managers and those implementing vector-borne disease control programs in designing more efficient, cost-effective systems. As a national IVM policy and an intersectoral steering committee are essential for establishing IVM as a national strategy, the handbook begins with the policy and institutional framework for IVM. Policy analysis is a means for identifying options for policy reform and suggesting instruments for implementing policy. IVM transforms the conventional system of vector control by making it more evidence-based, integrated and participative. This may require changes in roles, responsibilities and organizational links. The transition to IVM involves both reorientation of vector-borne disease control programs and embedding IVM within local health systems. Intersectoral partnerships and collaboration at both national and local levels will result in cost savings and benefits to other health services. Other relevant sectors, such as agriculture, environment, mining, industry, public works, local government and housing, should incorporate IVM and vector control into their own activities to prevent vector proliferation and disease transmission. Planning and implementing IVM involve assessing the epidemiological and vector situation at country level, analyzing the local determinants of disease, identifying and selecting vector control methods, assessing requirements and resources and designing locally appropriate implementation strategies. Solid evidence on the cost-effectiveness of interventions and their underlying parameters and a comprehensive vector surveillance system are essential for locally appropriate decision-making. Capacity-building, in particular human resource development, is a major challenge, because the IVM strategy requires skilled staff and adequate infrastructure at central and local levels. The handbook outlines the core functions and essential competence required for IVM at central and local levels, complementing a separate set of documents containing the Core structure for training curricula on integrated vector management and associated training materials. Like any new approach, IVM must be actively advocated and communicated in order to become established. The handbook lays out the elements and processes of IVM to enable policy-makers, donors and implementing partners to use it for vector-borne disease control. During the period of transition and consolidation of an IVM strategy, regular feedback is required on performance and impact in order to ensure continued support. The general public must also be made aware of the strategy and participate in its implementation. The communication tools for reaching the public are the media and various types of educational interventions to increase their knowledge and skills, which should lead to behavioral change and empowerment. The final section presents a comprehensive framework for monitoring and evaluation of IVM, covering aspects discussed in the previous sections. Indicators and methods for measuring process, outcomes and impact are proposed.
Global Health Impacts Of Vector Borne Diseases
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Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2016-10-21
Global Health Impacts Of Vector Borne Diseases written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-10-21 with Medical categories.
Pathogens transmitted among humans, animals, or plants by insects and arthropod vectors have been responsible for significant morbidity and mortality throughout recorded history. Such vector-borne diseases â€" including malaria, dengue, yellow fever, and plague â€" together accounted for more human disease and death in the 17th through early 20th centuries than all other causes combined. Over the past three decades, previously controlled vector-borne diseases have resurged or reemerged in new geographic locations, and several newly identified pathogens and vectors have triggered disease outbreaks in plants and animals, including humans. Domestic and international capabilities to detect, identify, and effectively respond to vector-borne diseases are limited. Few vaccines have been developed against vector-borne pathogens. At the same time, drug resistance has developed in vector-borne pathogens while their vectors are increasingly resistant to insecticide controls. Furthermore, the ranks of scientists trained to conduct research in key fields including medical entomology, vector ecology, and tropical medicine have dwindled, threatening prospects for addressing vector-borne diseases now and in the future. In June 2007, as these circumstances became alarmingly apparent, the Forum on Microbial Threats hosted a workshop to explore the dynamic relationships among host, pathogen(s), vector(s), and ecosystems that characterize vector-borne diseases. Revisiting this topic in September 2014, the Forum organized a workshop to examine trends and patterns in the incidence and prevalence of vector-borne diseases in an increasingly interconnected and ecologically disturbed world, as well as recent developments to meet these dynamic threats. Participants examined the emergence and global movement of vector-borne diseases, research priorities for understanding their biology and ecology, and global preparedness for and progress toward their prevention, control, and mitigation. This report summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.
Dengue
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Author : World Health Organization
language : en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date : 2009
Dengue written by World Health Organization and has been published by World Health Organization this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Medical categories.
This publication is intended to contribute to prevention and control of the morbidity and mortality associated with dengue and to serve as an authoritative reference source for health workers and researchers. These guidelines are not intended to replace national guidelines but to assist in the development of national or regional guidelines. They are expected to remain valid for five years (until 2014), although developments in research could change their validity.--Publisher's description.
Vector Borne Diseases
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Author : Institute of Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2008-03-18
Vector Borne Diseases written by Institute of Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-03-18 with Medical categories.
Vector-borne infectious diseases, such as malaria, dengue fever, yellow fever, and plague, cause a significant fraction of the global infectious disease burden; indeed, nearly half of the world's population is infected with at least one type of vector-borne pathogen (CIESIN, 2007; WHO, 2004a). Vector-borne plant and animal diseases, including several newly recognized pathogens, reduce agricultural productivity and disrupt ecosystems throughout the world. These diseases profoundly restrict socioeconomic status and development in countries with the highest rates of infection, many of which are located in the tropics and subtropics. Although this workshop summary provides an account of the individual presentations, it also reflects an important aspect of the Forum philosophy. The workshop functions as a dialogue among representatives from different sectors and allows them to present their beliefs about which areas may merit further attention. These proceedings summarize only the statements of participants in the workshop and are not intended to be an exhaustive exploration of the subject matter or a representation of consensus evaluation. Vector-Borne Diseases : Understanding the Environmental, Human Health, and Ecological Connections, Workshop Summary (Forum on Microbial Threats) summarizes this workshop.
Investing To Overcome The Global Impact Of Neglected Tropical Diseases
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Author : World Health Organization
language : en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date : 2015-08-05
Investing To Overcome The Global Impact Of Neglected Tropical Diseases written by World Health Organization and has been published by World Health Organization this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-08-05 with Medical categories.
"The presence, or absence, of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) can be seen as a proxy for poverty and for the success of interventions aimed at reducing poverty. Today, coverage of the public-health interventions recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) against NTDs may be interpreted as a proxy for universal health coverage and shared prosperity - in short, a proxy for coverage against neglect. As the world's focus shifts from development to sustainable development, from poverty eradication to shared prosperity, and from disease-specific goals to universal health coverage, control of NTDs will assume an important role towards the target of achieving universal health coverage, including individual financial risk protection. Success in overcoming NTDs is a "litmus test" for universal health coverage against NTDs in endemic countries. The first WHO report on NTDs (2010) set the scene by presenting the evidence for how these interventions had produced results. The second report (2013) assessed the progress made in deploying them and detailed the obstacles to their implementation. This third report analyses for the first time the investments needed to achieve the scale up of implementation required to achieve the targets of the WHO Roadmap on NTDs and universal coverage against NTDs. INVESTING TO OVERCOME THE GLOBAL IMPACT OF NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES presents an investment strategy for NTDs and analyses the specific investment case for prevention, control, elimination and eradication of 12 of the 17 NTDs. Such an analysis is justified following the adoption by the Sixty-sixth World Health Assembly in 2013 of resolution WHA6612 on neglected tropical diseases, which called for sufficient and predictable funding to achieve the Roadmap's targets and sustain control efforts. The report cautions, however, that it is wise investment and not investment alone that will yield success. The report registers progress and challenges and signals those that lie ahead. Climate change is expected to increase the spread of several vector-borne NTDs, notably dengue, transmission of which is directly influenced by temperature, rainfall, relative humidity and climate variability primarily through their effects on the vector. Investments in vector-borne diseases will avoid the potentially catastrophic expenditures associated with their control. The presence of NTDs will thereby signal an early warning system for climate-sensitive diseases. The ultimate goal is to deliver enhanced and equitable interventions to the most marginalized populations in the context of a changing public-health and investment landscape to ensure that all peoples affected by NTDs have an opportunity to lead healthier and wealthier lives."--Publisher's description.