What Are Biological Species
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Species
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Author : John S. Wilkins
language : en
Publisher: Univ of California Press
Release Date : 2009-09-08
Species written by John S. Wilkins and has been published by Univ of California Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-09-08 with Science categories.
The complex idea of "species" has evolved over time, yet its meaning is far from resolved. This comprehensive work takes a fresh look at an idea central to the field of biology by tracing its history from antiquity to today. John S. Wilkins explores the essentialist view, a staple of logic from Plato and Aristotle through the Middle Ages to fairly recent times, and considers the idea of species in natural history—a concept often connected to reproduction. Tracing "generative conceptions" of species back through Darwin to Epicurus, Wilkins provides a new perspective on the relationship between philosophical and biological approaches to this concept. He also reviews the array of current definitions. Species is a benchmark exploration and clarification of a concept fundamental to the past, present, and future of the natural sciences.
What Are Biological Species
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Author : Nicole Leroux
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
What Are Biological Species written by Nicole Leroux and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Biology categories.
"For the past twenty years, taxonomy has been in a state of turmoil. This confusion brings along with it four distinct schools of thought, each of which offers a different concept of biological species. The thesis will show that these concepts are purely operational and have only a weak theoretical force. In turn, it will be argued that a sound definition of species uses the notion of natural kinds, which is itself defined in term of non-causal nomological regularities." --
Species Concepts In Biology
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Author : Frank E. Zachos
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-10-05
Species Concepts In Biology written by Frank E. Zachos and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-10-05 with Science categories.
Frank E. Zachos offers a comprehensive review of one of today’s most important and contentious issues in biology: the species problem. After setting the stage with key background information on the topic, the book provides a brief history of species concepts from antiquity to the Modern Synthesis, followed by a discussion of the ontological status of species with a focus on the individuality thesis and potential means of reconciling it with other philosophical approaches. More than 30 different species concepts found in the literature are presented in an annotated list, and the most important ones, including the Biological, Genetic, Evolutionary and different versions of the Phylogenetic Species Concept, are discussed in more detail. Specific questions addressed include the problem of asexual and prokaryotic species, intraspecific categories like subspecies and Evolutionarily Significant Units, and a potential solution to the species problem based on a hierarchical approach that distinguishes between ontological and operational species concepts. A full chapter is dedicated to the challenge of delimiting species by means of a discrete taxonomy in a continuous world of inherently fuzzy boundaries. Further, the book outlines the practical ramifications for ecology and evolutionary biology of how we define the species category, highlighting the danger of an apples and oranges problem if what we subsume under the same name (“species”) is in actuality a variety of different entities. A succinct summary chapter, glossary and annotated list of references round out the coverage, making the book essential reading for all biologists looking for an accessible introduction to the historical, philosophical and practical dimensions of the species problem.
Species
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Author : John S. Wilkins
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2018-01-29
Species written by John S. Wilkins and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-01-29 with Nature categories.
Over time the complex idea of "species" has evolved, yet its meaning is far from resolved. This comprehensive work is a fresh look at an idea central to the field of biology by tracing its history from antiquity to today. Species is a benchmark exploration and clarification of a concept fundamental to the past, present, and future of the natural sciences. In this edition, a section is added on the debate over species since the time of the New Synthesis, and brings the book up to date. A section on recent philosophical debates over species has also been added. This edition is better suited non-specialists in philosophy, so that it will be of greater use for scientists wishing to understand how the notion came to be that living organisms form species. Key Selling Features: Covers the philosophical and historical development of the concept of "species" Documents that variation was recognized by pre-Darwinian scholars Includes a section on the debates since the time of the New Synthesis Better suited to non-philosophers
Species Of Biology
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Author : Matthew J. Barker
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
Species Of Biology written by Matthew J. Barker and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Biology categories.
Systematics Of Biological Species
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Author : W. Frank Blair
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1972
Systematics Of Biological Species written by W. Frank Blair and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1972 with categories.
The Pangenome
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Author : Hervé Tettelin
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-04-30
The Pangenome written by Hervé Tettelin and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-04-30 with Science categories.
This open access book offers the first comprehensive account of the pan-genome concept and its manifold implications. The realization that the genetic repertoire of a biological species always encompasses more than the genome of each individual is one of the earliest examples of big data in biology that opened biology to the unbounded. The study of genetic variation observed within a species challenges existing views and has profound consequences for our understanding of the fundamental mechanisms underpinning bacterial biology and evolution. The underlying rationale extends well beyond the initial prokaryotic focus to all kingdoms of life and evolves into similar concepts for metagenomes, phenomes and epigenomes. The book’s respective chapters address a range of topics, from the serendipitous emergence of the pan-genome concept and its impacts on the fields of microbiology, vaccinology and antimicrobial resistance, to the study of microbial communities, bioinformatic applications and mathematical models that tie in with complex systems and economic theory. Given its scope, the book will appeal to a broad readership interested in population dynamics, evolutionary biology and genomics.
Do Species Exist
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Author : Werner Kunz
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2013-08-02
Do Species Exist written by Werner Kunz and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-08-02 with Science categories.
A readily comprehensible guide for biologists, field taxonomists and interested laymen to one of the oldest problems in biology: the species problem. Written by a geneticist with extensive experience in field taxonomy, this practical book provides the sound scientific background to the problems arising with classifying organisms according to species. It covers the main current theories of specification and gives a number of examples that cannot be explained by any single theory alone.
Biological Species As A Form Of Existence The Higher Form
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Author : Victor Prokhorovich Shcherbakov
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Biological Species As A Form Of Existence The Higher Form written by Victor Prokhorovich Shcherbakov and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Science categories.
Biological Species as a Form of Existence, the Higher Form.
Species Concepts And Phylogenetic Theory
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Author : Quentin D. Wheeler
language : en
Publisher: Columbia University Press
Release Date : 2000-06-22
Species Concepts And Phylogenetic Theory written by Quentin D. Wheeler and has been published by Columbia University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-06-22 with Science categories.
No question in theoretical biology has been more perennially controversial or perplexing than "What is a species?" Recent advances in phylogenetic theory have called into question traditional views of species and spawned many concepts that are currently competing for general acceptance. Once the subject of esoteric intellectual exercises, the "species problem" has emerged as a critically important aspect of global environmental concerns. Completion of an inventory of biodiversity, success in conservation, predictive knowledge about life on earth, management of material resources, formulation of scientifically credible public policy and law, and more depend upon our adoption of the "right" species concept. Quentin D. Wheeler and Rudolf Meier present a debate among top systematic biology theorists to consider the strengths and weaknesses of five competing concepts. Debaters include (1) Ernst Mayr (Biological Species Concept), (2) Rudolf Meier and Rainer Willmann (Hennigian species concept), (3) Brent Mishler and Edward Theriot (one version of the Phylogenetic Species Concept), (4) Quentin Wheeler and Norman Platnick (a competing version of the Phylogenetic Species Concept), and (5) E. O. Wiley and Richard Mayden (the Evolutionary Species Concept). Each author or pair of authors contributes three essays to the debate: first, a position paper with an opening argument for their respective concept of species; second, a counterpoint view of the weakness of competing concepts; and, finally, a rebuttal of the attacks made by other authors. This unique and lively debate format makes the comparative advantages and disadvantages of competing species concepts clear and accessible in a single book for the first time, bringing to light numerous controversies in phylogenetic theory, taxonomy, and philosophy of science that are important to a wide audience. Species Concepts and Phylogenetic Theory will meet a need among scientists, conservationists, policy-makers, and students of biology for an explicit, critical evaluation of a large and complex literature on species. An important reference for professionals, the book will prove especially useful in classrooms and discussion groups where students may find a concise, lucid entrée to one of the most complex questions facing science and society.
