What Are Species
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What Are Species
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Author : Nature And Human Studies
language : en
Publisher: LM Publishers
Release Date : 2018-10-15
What Are Species written by Nature And Human Studies and has been published by LM Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-10-15 with Science categories.
What are Species? In its most general acceptation the word "species" signifies a kind or sort of something, which something is the genus to which the species belongs. Thus, a black stone is a species of the genus stone; a gray horse is a species of the genus horse; a scalene triangle is a species of the genus triangle; and, generally, it may be said that every adjective denotes a species of the genus indicated by the substantive to which it is applied. In the technology of the physical sciences the term "species" has a more restricted signification. It is used to denote a group of individuals which corresponds with an early stage of that process of abstraction by which the qualities of individual objects are arranged in the subordinated categories of classification. The individual object alone exists in Nature; but, when individual objects are compared, it is found that many agree in all those characters which, for the particular purpose of the classifier, are regarded as important, while they differ only in those which are unimportant; and those which thus agree constitute a species, the definition of which is a statement of the common characters of the individuals which compose the species...
Species
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Author : John S. Wilkins
language : en
Publisher: Univ of California Press
Release Date : 2009-09-08
Species written by John S. Wilkins and has been published by Univ of California Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-09-08 with Science categories.
The complex idea of "species" has evolved over time, yet its meaning is far from resolved. This comprehensive work takes a fresh look at an idea central to the field of biology by tracing its history from antiquity to today. John S. Wilkins explores the essentialist view, a staple of logic from Plato and Aristotle through the Middle Ages to fairly recent times, and considers the idea of species in natural history—a concept often connected to reproduction. Tracing "generative conceptions" of species back through Darwin to Epicurus, Wilkins provides a new perspective on the relationship between philosophical and biological approaches to this concept. He also reviews the array of current definitions. Species is a benchmark exploration and clarification of a concept fundamental to the past, present, and future of the natural sciences.
What If Anything Are Species
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Author : Brent D. Mishler
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2021-04-01
What If Anything Are Species written by Brent D. Mishler and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-04-01 with Nature categories.
This book is an extended argument for abandoning the species rank. Instead, the author proposes that the rank of "species" be replaced by a pluralistic and multi-level view. In such a view, all clades including the smallest identifiable one would be named and studied within a phylogenetic context. What are currently called "species" represent different sorts of things depending on the sort of organisms and processes being considered. This is already the case, but is not formally recognized by those scientists using the species rank in their work. Adopting a rankless taxonomy at all levels would enhance academic studies of evolution and ecology and yield practical benefits in areas of public concern such as conservation. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/e/9781498714549, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial license. KEY FEATURES • Proposes the replacement of restrictive species concepts with a pluralistic view • Suggests abandoning the formal taxonomic rank of "species" • Considers zoological, botanical, and microbiological aspects of the species level • Deals with practical issues such as conservation, inventories, and field guides
Defining Species
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Author : John S. Wilkins
language : en
Publisher: Peter Lang
Release Date : 2009
Defining Species written by John S. Wilkins and has been published by Peter Lang this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with History categories.
This book was listed as a CHOICE Outstanding Academic Title in 2011. Defining Species: A Sourcebook from Antiquity to Today provides excerpts and commentary on the definition of «species» from source material ranging from the Greeks, through the middle ages, to the modern era. It demonstrates that the logical meaning of species is in direct contrast to the use of kind terms and concepts in natural history and biology, and that the myth that biologists or natural historians were ever essentialists about kinds is mistaken.
Understanding Species
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Author : John S. Wilkins
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2023-04-20
Understanding Species written by John S. Wilkins and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-04-20 with Science categories.
Are species worth saving? Can they be resurrected by technology? What is the use of species in biomedicine? These questions all depend on a clear definition of the concept of 'species', yet biologists have long struggled to define this term. In this accessible book, John S. Wilkins provides an introduction to the concept of 'species' in biology, philosophy, ethics, policymaking and conservation. Using clear language and easy-to-understand examples throughout, the book provides a history of species and why we use them. It encourages readers to appreciate the philosophical depth of the concept as well as its connections to logic and science. For any interested reader, this short text highlights the complexities of a single idea in biology, the problems with the concept of 'species' and the benefits of it in helping us to answer the bigger questions and understand our living world.
What Are Biological Species
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Author : Nicole Leroux
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
What Are Biological Species written by Nicole Leroux and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Biology categories.
"For the past twenty years, taxonomy has been in a state of turmoil. This confusion brings along with it four distinct schools of thought, each of which offers a different concept of biological species. The thesis will show that these concepts are purely operational and have only a weak theoretical force. In turn, it will be argued that a sound definition of species uses the notion of natural kinds, which is itself defined in term of non-causal nomological regularities." --
Describing Species
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Author : Judith E. Winston
language : en
Publisher: Columbia University Press
Release Date : 1999
Describing Species written by Judith E. Winston and has been published by Columbia University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Computers categories.
A basic practical manual for the process of describing new species, this desperately needed desk reference and guide to nomenclatural procedure and taxonomic writing serves as a Strunk & White of species description, covering both botanical and zoological codes of nomenclature.
What Species Mean
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Author : Julia D. Sigwart
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2018-10-29
What Species Mean written by Julia D. Sigwart and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-10-29 with Nature categories.
Everyone uses species. All human cultures, whether using science or not, name species. Species are the basic units for science, from ecosystems to model organisms. Yet, there are communication gaps between the scientists who name species, called taxonomists or systematists, and those who use species names—everyone else. This book opens the "black box" of species names, to explain the tricks of the name-makers to the name-users. Species are real, and have macroevolutionary meaning, and it follows that systematists use a broadly macroevolution-oriented approach in describing diversity. But scientific names are used by all areas of science, including many fields such as ecology that focus on timescales more dominated by microevolutionary processes. This book explores why different groups of scientists understand and use the names given to species in very different ways, and the consequences for measuring and understanding biodiversity. Key selling features: Explains the modern, multi-disciplinary approach to studying species evolution and species discovery, and the role of species names in diverse fields throughout the life sciences Documents the importance and urgent need for high-quality taxonomic work to address today’s most pressing problems Summarises controversies in combining different—sometimes quite different—datasets used to estimate global biodiversity Focusses throughout on a central theme—the disconnect between the makers and the users of names—and seeks to create the rhetorical foundation needed to bridge this disconnect Anticipates the future of taxonomy and its role in studies of global biodiversity
Populations Species And Evolution
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Author : Ernst Mayr
language : en
Publisher: Belknap Press
Release Date : 1970
Populations Species And Evolution written by Ernst Mayr and has been published by Belknap Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1970 with Science categories.
An abridgement of Animal Species and Evolution.
Code International De Nomenclature Zoologique
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Author : International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature
language : fr
Publisher: Univ of California Press
Release Date : 1985
Code International De Nomenclature Zoologique written by International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature and has been published by Univ of California Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1985 with Animals categories.
