When Computers Were Human
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When Computers Were Human
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Author : David Alan Grier
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2013-11-01
When Computers Were Human written by David Alan Grier and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-01 with Science categories.
Before Palm Pilots and iPods, PCs and laptops, the term "computer" referred to the people who did scientific calculations by hand. These workers were neither calculating geniuses nor idiot savants but knowledgeable people who, in other circumstances, might have become scientists in their own right. When Computers Were Human represents the first in-depth account of this little-known, 200-year epoch in the history of science and technology. Beginning with the story of his own grandmother, who was trained as a human computer, David Alan Grier provides a poignant introduction to the wider world of women and men who did the hard computational labor of science. His grandmother's casual remark, "I wish I'd used my calculus," hinted at a career deferred and an education forgotten, a secret life unappreciated; like many highly educated women of her generation, she studied to become a human computer because nothing else would offer her a place in the scientific world. The book begins with the return of Halley's comet in 1758 and the effort of three French astronomers to compute its orbit. It ends four cycles later, with a UNIVAC electronic computer projecting the 1986 orbit. In between, Grier tells us about the surveyors of the French Revolution, describes the calculating machines of Charles Babbage, and guides the reader through the Great Depression to marvel at the giant computing room of the Works Progress Administration. When Computers Were Human is the sad but lyrical story of workers who gladly did the hard labor of research calculation in the hope that they might be part of the scientific community. In the end, they were rewarded by a new electronic machine that took the place and the name of those who were, once, the computers.
When Computers Were Human
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Author : David Grier
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
When Computers Were Human written by David Grier and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
Before Palm Pilots and iPods, PCs and laptops, the term "computer" referred to the people who did scientific calculations by hand. These workers were neither calculating geniuses nor idiot savants but knowledgeable people who, in other circumstances, might have become scientists in their own right. When Computers Were Human represents the first in-depth account of this little-known, 200-year epoch in the history of science and technology. Beginning with the story of his own grandmother, who was trained as a human computer, David Alan Grier provides a poignant introduction to the wider world of women and men who did the hard computational labor of science. His grandmother's casual remark, "I wish I'd used my calculus," hinted at a career deferred and an education forgotten, a secret life unappreciated; like many highly educated women of her generation, she studied to become a human computer because nothing else would offer her a place in the scientific world. The book begins with the return of Halley's comet in 1758 and the effort of three French astronomers to compute its orbit. It ends four cycles later, with a UNIVAC electronic computer projecting the 1986 orbit. In between, Grier tells us about the surveyors of the French Revolution, describes the calculating machines of Charles Babbage, and guides the reader through the Great Depression to marvel at the giant computing room of the Works Progress Administration. When Computers Were Human is the sad but lyrical story of workers who gladly did the hard labor of research calculation in the hope that they might be part of the scientific community. In the end, they were rewarded by a new electronic machine that took the place and the name of those who were, once, the computers.
When Computers Were Human
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Author : David Alan Grier
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2007-09-16
When Computers Were Human written by David Alan Grier and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-09-16 with Science categories.
Before Palm Pilots and iPods, PCs and laptops, the term "computer" referred to the people who did scientific calculations by hand. These workers were neither calculating geniuses nor idiot savants but knowledgeable people who, in other circumstances, might have become scientists in their own right. When Computers Were Human represents the first in-depth account of this little-known, 200-year epoch in the history of science and technology. Beginning with the story of his own grandmother, who was trained as a human computer, David Alan Grier provides a poignant introduction to the wider world of women and men who did the hard computational labor of science. His grandmother's casual remark, "I wish I'd used my calculus," hinted at a career deferred and an education forgotten, a secret life unappreciated; like many highly educated women of her generation, she studied to become a human computer because nothing else would offer her a place in the scientific world. The book begins with the return of Halley's comet in 1758 and the effort of three French astronomers to compute its orbit. It ends four cycles later, with a UNIVAC electronic computer projecting the 1986 orbit. In between, Grier tells us about the surveyors of the French Revolution, describes the calculating machines of Charles Babbage, and guides the reader through the Great Depression to marvel at the giant computing room of the Works Progress Administration. When Computers Were Human is the sad but lyrical story of workers who gladly did the hard labor of research calculation in the hope that they might be part of the scientific community. In the end, they were rewarded by a new electronic machine that took the place and the name of those who were, once, the computers.
Hidden Human Computers
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Author : Sue Bradford Edwards
language : en
Publisher: Essential Library
Release Date : 2017
Hidden Human Computers written by Sue Bradford Edwards and has been published by Essential Library this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with Aerospace engineers categories.
Discusses how in the 1950s, black women made critical contributions to NASA by performing calculations that made it possible for the nation's astronauts to fly into space and return safely to Earth.
Hidden Heroes The Human Computers Of Nasa
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Author : Duchess Harris
language : en
Publisher: ABDO
Release Date : 2018-12-15
Hidden Heroes The Human Computers Of Nasa written by Duchess Harris and has been published by ABDO this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-12-15 with Juvenile Nonfiction categories.
In the 1950s, NASA relied on human computers. These skilled women did calculations by hand. While astronauts and their accomplishments were well known, human computers often worked behind the scenes. Hidden Heroes: The Human Computers of NASA explores the legacy of NASA's human computers. Aligned to Common Core Standards and correlated to state standards. Core Library is an imprint of Abdo Publishing, a division of ABDO.
How To Speak Machine
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Author : John Maeda
language : en
Publisher: Penguin
Release Date : 2019-11-12
How To Speak Machine written by John Maeda and has been published by Penguin this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-11-12 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Visionary designer and technologist John Maeda defines the fundamental laws of how computers think, and why you should care even if you aren't a programmer. "Maeda is to design what Warren Buffett is to finance." --Wired John Maeda is one of the world's preeminent interdisciplinary thinkers on technology and design. In How to Speak Machine, he offers a set of simple laws that govern not only the computers of today, but the unimaginable machines of the future. Technology is already more powerful than we can comprehend, and getting more powerful at an exponential pace. Once set in motion, algorithms never tire. And when a program's size, speed, and tirelessness combine with its ability to learn and transform itself, the outcome can be unpredictable and dangerous. Take the seemingly instant transformation of Microsoft's chatbot Tay into a hate-spewing racist, or how crime-predicting algorithms reinforce racial bias. How to Speak Machine provides a coherent framework for today's product designers, business leaders, and policymakers to grasp this brave new world. Drawing on his wide-ranging experience from engineering to computer science to design, Maeda shows how businesses and individuals can identify opportunities afforded by technology to make world-changing and inclusive products--while avoiding the pitfalls inherent to the medium.
Humans Vs Computers
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Author : Gojko Adzic
language : en
Publisher: Neuri Consulting Llp
Release Date : 2017-09
Humans Vs Computers written by Gojko Adzic and has been published by Neuri Consulting Llp this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-09 with categories.
Humans vs Computers is a book about people caught between wrong assumptions and computer bugs. You'll read about humans who are invisible to computers, how a default password once caused a zombie apocalypse and why airlines sometimes give away free tickets. This is also a book on how to prevent, avoid and reduce the impact of such problems. Our lives are increasingly tracked, monitored and categorised by software, driving a flood of information into the vast sea of big data. In this brave new world, humans can't cope with information overload. Governments and companies alike rely on computers to automatically detect fraud, predict behaviour and enforce laws. Inflexible automatons, barely smarter than a fridge, now make life-changing decisions. Clever marketing tricks us into believing that phones, TV sets and even cars are somehow smart. Yet all those computer systems were created by people - people who are well-meaning but fallible and biased, clever but forgetful, and who have grand plans but are pressed for time. Digitising a piece of work doesn't mean there will be no mistakes, but instead guarantees that when mistakes happen, they'll run at a massive scale. The next time you bang your head against a digital wall, the stories in this book will help you understand better what's going on and show you where to look for problems. If nothing else, when it seems as if you're under a black-magic spell, these stories will at least allow you to see the lighter side of the binary chaos. For people involved in software delivery, this book will help you find more empathy for people suffering from our mistakes, and discover heuristics to use during analysis, development or testing to make your software less error prone. About the author Gojko Adzic is a partner at Neuri Consulting LLP, winner of the 2016 European Software Testing Outstanding Achievement Award, and the 2011 Most Influential Agile Testing Professional Award. Gojko's book Specification by Example won the Jolt Award for the best book of 2012, and his blog won the UK Agile Award for the best online publication in 2010. Gojko is a frequent keynote speaker at leading software development conferences and one of the authors of MindMup and Claudia.js. As a consultant, Gojko has helped companies around the world improve their software delivery, from some of the largest financial institutions to small innovative startups.
Research Methods In Human Computer Interaction
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Author : Jonathan Lazar
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2010-02-01
Research Methods In Human Computer Interaction written by Jonathan Lazar and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-02-01 with Computers categories.
Continual technological evolution has led to an explosion of new techniques in Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) research. Research Methods in Human-Computer Interaction is a thoroughly comprehensive guide to performing research and is essential reading for both quantitative and qualitative methods. Chapters cover a broad range of topics relevant to the collection and analysis of HCI data, going beyond experimental design and surveys, to cover ethnography, time diaries, physiological measurements, case studies, and other essential elements in the well-informed HCI researcher's toolkit. “This book is a must read for anyone in the field of Human-Computer Interaction. The multi-disciplinarian approach, housed in the reality of the technological world today, makes for a practical and informative guide for user interface designers, software and hardware engineers and anyone doing user research.” Dr. Mary Czerwinski, Research Area Manager, Microsoft Research, USA “Research Methods in HCI is an excellent read for practitioners and students alike. It discusses all the must-know theory, provides detailed instructions on how to carry out the research, and offers great examples. I loved it!” Professor Vanessa Evers, Professor, Human Computer Studies Lab, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands "The book is superb: comprehensive, clear, and engaging! This is a one-stop HCI methods reference library. If you can only buy one HCI methods book, this is the one!" Dr. Clare-Marie Karat, IBM TJ Watson Research, USA, and recipient of the 2009 ACM SIGCHI Lifetime Service Award “A much needed and very useful book, covering important HCI research methods overlooked in standard research methods texts.” Professor Gilbert Cockton, School of Design, Northumbria University, United Kingdom
The Most Human Human
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Author : Brian Christian
language : en
Publisher: National Geographic Books
Release Date : 2012-03-06
The Most Human Human written by Brian Christian and has been published by National Geographic Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-03-06 with Psychology categories.
A playful, profound book that is not only a testament to one man's efforts to be deemed more human than a computer, but also a rollicking exploration of what it means to be human in the first place. “Terrific. ... Art and science meet an engaged mind and the friction produces real fire.” —The New Yorker Each year, the AI community convenes to administer the famous (and famously controversial) Turing test, pitting sophisticated software programs against humans to determine if a computer can “think.” The machine that most often fools the judges wins the Most Human Computer Award. But there is also a prize, strange and intriguing, for the “Most Human Human.” Brian Christian—a young poet with degrees in computer science and philosophy—was chosen to participate in a recent competition. This
Human Computer Etiquette
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Author : Caroline C. Hayes
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2010-12-14
Human Computer Etiquette written by Caroline C. Hayes and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-12-14 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Written by experts from various fields, this edited collection explores a wide range of issues pertaining to how computers evoke human social expectations. The book illustrates how socially acceptable conventions can strongly impact the effectiveness of human-computer interactions and how to consider such norms in the design of human-computer interfaces. Providing a complete introduction to the design of social responses to computers, the text emphasizes the value of social norms in the development of usable and enjoyable technology. It also describes the role of socially correct behavior in technology adoption and how to design human-computer interfaces for a competitive global market.