Why Does Context Matter
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Why Context Matters
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Author : Thomas Friemel
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2008-11-06
Why Context Matters written by Thomas Friemel and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-11-06 with Social Science categories.
In the last few years there has been a growing interest in using computers not only for quantitative but also for qualitative content analyses of various kinds of texts and unstructured interviews (Fielding and Lee 1993, Kelle 1998, Kuckartz 2001, Miles and Huberman 2005, Lewins and Silver 2007). This trend has given rise to the development of new software products such as MAXqda, NVivo, NUD. IST, and ATLAS. ti, which can be used for automatic coding, text retrieval, hyp- linking of related text segments, etc. Some of these programs such as ATLAS. ti or MAXqda even allow to represent the results of qualitative content analyses in graphical form as semantic networks of coded texts (Sowa 1984: 76 ff. , Lewins and Silver 2007: 179 ff. ). Such networks consist of 1. text segments or so-called quotations, which generally constitute a n- overlapping partition of the analyzed text corpus, 2. codes, which are classificatory attributes of the mentioned text segments, 3. links, which are the result of the content analytic coding and describe the attribute relations between the mentioned codes and quotations. Minestrone Soup Non-Eggs Ticinese Leek soup White wine Vegetables Romandie Figure 1: An example of a semantic network of a coded text: soup recipes from Latin Switzer- 1 land Fig.
Why Does Context Matter
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Author : Wolfgang R. Köhler
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Why Does Context Matter written by Wolfgang R. Köhler and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with categories.
Situations Matter
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Author : Sam Sommers
language : en
Publisher: Penguin
Release Date : 2011-12-29
Situations Matter written by Sam Sommers and has been published by Penguin this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-12-29 with Self-Help categories.
An "entertaining and engaging" exploration of the invisible forces influencing your life-and how understanding them can improve everything you do. The world around you is pulling your strings, shaping your innermost instincts and your most private thoughts. And you don't even realize it. Every day and in all walks of life, we overlook the enormous power of situations, of context in our lives. That's a mistake, says Sam Sommers in his provocative new book. Just as a museum visitor neglects to notice the frames around paintings, so do people miss the influence of ordinary situations on the way they think and act. But frames- situations- do matter. Your experience viewing the paintings wouldn't be the same without them. The same is true for human nature. In Situations Matter, Sommers argues that by understanding the powerful influence that context has in our lives and using this knowledge to rethink how we see the world, we can be more effective at work, at home, and in daily interactions with others. He describes the pitfalls to avoid and offers insights into making better decisions and smarter observations about the world around us.
The Explanation Of Crime
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Author : Per-Olof H. Wikström
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2006-11-30
The Explanation Of Crime written by Per-Olof H. Wikström and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-11-30 with Social Science categories.
Integration of disciplines, theories and research orientations has assumed a central role in criminological discourse yet it remains difficult to identify any concrete discoveries or significant breakthroughs for which integration has been responsible. Concentrating on three key concepts: context, mechanisms, and development, this volume aims to advance integrated scientific knowledge on crime causation by bringing together different scholarly approaches. Through an analysis of the roles of behavioural contexts and individual differences in crime causation, The Explanation of Crime seeks to provide a unified and focused approach to the integration of knowledge. Chapter topics range from individual genetics to family environments and from ecological behaviour settings to the macro-level context of communities and social systems. This is a comprehensive treatment of the problem of crime causation that will appeal to graduate students and researchers in criminology and be of great interest to policy-makers and practitioners in crime policy and prevention.
Meaning Context And Methodology
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Author : Sarah-Jane Conrad
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2017-10-23
Meaning Context And Methodology written by Sarah-Jane Conrad and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-10-23 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
What methodological impact does Contextualism have on the philosophy of language? This collection sets out to provide some answers. The authors in this volume question three ultimately connected assumptions of the philosophy of language. The first assumption relates to the predominant status of referential semantics and its power to explain truth-conditional meaning. This assumption has come under attack by the context thesis and a number of papers pursue the question of whether this is justified. The second assumption gives priority to assertive sentences when considering language use. The context thesis changes our understanding of language use altogether; possible implications from this methodological shift are addressed in this volume. According to the third assumption, philosophical analysis amounts to nothing more than conceptual analysis. The context thesis risks undermining this project. Whether conceptual analysis can still be defended as a methodological tool is discussed in this volume.
Why Does Context Matter
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Author : Wolfgang R. Köhler
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Why Does Context Matter written by Wolfgang R. Köhler and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with categories.
Exploring Context In Information Behavior
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Author : Naresh Kumar Agarwal
language : en
Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Release Date : 2017-12-08
Exploring Context In Information Behavior written by Naresh Kumar Agarwal and has been published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-12-08 with Computers categories.
The field of human information behavior runs the gamut of processes from the realization of a need or gap in understanding, to the search for information from one or more sources to fill that gap, to the use of that information to complete a task at hand or to satisfy a curiosity, as well as other behaviors such as avoiding information or finding information serendipitously. Designers of mechanisms, tools, and computer-based systems to facilitate this seeking and search process often lack a full knowledge of the context surrounding the search. This context may vary depending on the job or role of the person; individual characteristics such as personality, domain knowledge, age, gender, perception of self, etc.; the task at hand; the source and the channel and their degree of accessibility and usability; and the relationship that the seeker shares with the source. Yet researchers have yet to agree on what context really means. While there have been various research studies incorporating context, and biennial conferences on context in information behavior, there lacks a clear definition of what context is, what its boundaries are, and what elements and variables comprise context. In this book, we look at the many definitions of and the theoretical and empirical studies on context, and I attempt to map the conceptual space of context in information behavior. I propose theoretical frameworks to map the boundaries, elements, and variables of context. I then discuss how to incorporate these frameworks and variables in the design of research studies on context. We then arrive at a unified definition of context. This book should provide designers of search systems a better understanding of context as they seek to meet the needs and demands of information seekers. It will be an important resource for researchers in Library and Information Science, especially doctoral students looking for one resource that covers an exhaustive range of the most current literature related to context, the best selection of classics, and a synthesis of these into theoretical frameworks and a unified definition. The book should help to move forward research in the field by clarifying the elements, variables, and views that are pertinent. In particular, the list of elements to be considered, and the variables associated with each element will be extremely useful to researchers wanting to include the influences of context in their studies.
Computational Context
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Author : William F. Lawless
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2018-12-07
Computational Context written by William F. Lawless and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-12-07 with Computers categories.
This volume addresses context from three comprehensive perspectives: first, its importance, the issues surrounding context, and its value in the laboratory and the field; second, the theory guiding the AI used to model its context; and third, its applications in the field (e.g., decision-making). This breadth poses a challenge. The book analyzes how the environment (context) influences human perception, cognition and action. While current books approach context narrowly, the major contribution of this book is to provide an in-depth review over a broad range of topics for a computational context no matter its breadth. The volume outlines numerous strategies and techniques from world-class scientists who have adapted their research to solve different problems with AI, in difficult environments and complex domains to address the many computational challenges posed by context. Context can be clear, uncertain or an illusion. Clear contexts: A father praising his child; a trip to the post office to buy stamps; a policewoman asking for identification. Uncertain contexts: A sneak attack; a surprise witness in a courtroom; a shout of "Fire! Fire!" Contexts as illusion: Humans fall prey to illusions that machines do not (Adelson’s checkerboard illusion versus a photometer). Determining context is not easy when disagreement exists, interpretations vary, or uncertainty reigns. Physicists like Einstein (relativity), Bekenstein (holographs) and Rovelli (universe) have written that reality is not what we commonly believe. Even outside of awareness, individuals act differently whether alone or in teams. Can computational context with AI adapt to clear and uncertain contexts, to change over time, and to individuals, machines or robots as well as to teams? If a program automatically "knows" the context that improves performance or decisions, does it matter whether context is clear, uncertain or illusory? Written and edited by world class leaders from across the field of autonomous systems research, this volume carefully considers the computational systems being constructed to determine context for individual agents or teams, the challenges they face, and the advances they expect for the science of context.
How Does Context Matter Comparing Achievement Scores Opportunities To Learn And Teacher Preparation Across Socio Economic Quintiles Using Timss And Pisa
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Author : Frank Marshall Adamson
language : en
Publisher: Stanford University
Release Date : 2010
How Does Context Matter Comparing Achievement Scores Opportunities To Learn And Teacher Preparation Across Socio Economic Quintiles Using Timss And Pisa written by Frank Marshall Adamson and has been published by Stanford University this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
Many people have touted education as a great equalizer because it provides students with the skills and opportunity to succeed in life based on their own merit. While this attitude has helped increase access to education around the world, the quality of that education varies. Globally, education has multiple challenges. On the micro level, educational quality remains inconsistent, and on the macro level, increasing economic inequality has potential to deleteriously affect education. This study analyzes the relationships between micro level education phenomena and these macro level economic forces to determine how economic inequality relates to education quality. This study engages the infamous educational "black box" in three different areas that capture, in aggregate, a meaningful portion of the classroom experience: opportunity to learn (OTL), teacher preparation, and student achievement. The analysis situates educational quality in the context of country-level economics by comparing students across three types of economic disparities: inequality between countries, inequality within countries, and inequality in the socio-economic status (SES) of students. Between-country inequality consists of differences in overall country income while within-country inequality concerns the distribution of income. Between-student inequality gauges the relative SES of families and their ability to provide resources conducive to education. The main hypothesis is that high SES students in more-unequal countries have relatively more access to educational resources, leading to relatively better teachers, relatively more OTL, and higher math scores. The converse would hold true for low SES students. Findings from international comparisons using the international assessments in 2003 (PISA and TIMSS) show that income inequality adversely relates to educational factors for students in all SES groups. Both high and low SES students in more-unequal countries have lower achievement scores, less prepared teachers, and less OTL. More detailed analysis at the country level does not identify any "silver bullets" for low or high income inequality countries, but does show that OTL has a greater relationship to achievement for higher SES students, while environmental factors such as community size matter for low SES students. Theses findings imply that high SES students have the foundation to take better advantage of their educational settings while low SES students must first manage their social and economic environments.
How Does Context Matter
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Author : Aparna Anand Joshi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
How Does Context Matter written by Aparna Anand Joshi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with categories.