Wiring Principles Of Cerebral Cortex

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Wiring Principles Of Cerebral Cortex

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Author : Julian Budd
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2015-11-17

Wiring Principles Of Cerebral Cortex written by Julian Budd and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-11-17 with Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry categories.

Cerebral cortex is probably the most complex biological network. Here many millions of individual neurons, the functional units of cortex, are interconnected through a massive yet highly organized pattern of axonal and dendritic wiring. This wiring enables both near and distant cells to coordinate their responses and generate a rich variety of cognitions and behaviours. When the wiring is damaged through disease or trauma it may reorganize but this may lead to characteristic pathological behaviours. While there have been significant advances in mapping cortical connectivity, the organizing principles and function of this connectivity are not well understood. On the one hand, there appears to be general design constraints governing cortical wiring, as first recognised by Rámon y Cajal's in his laws of conduction, material, and volume conservation. Yet on the other hand, particular patterns of cortical wiring exist to serve specific functions. There is a wide gap in understanding how the response and connectivity properties of a single neuron contribute to emergent network functions such as in detecting perceptually relevant features. Unravelling this intimate causal relationship represents one of the major challenges in neuroscience. This Research Topic will examine progress in understanding cortical wiring principles. This Research Topic aims to draw together recent advances in methods and understanding as well as recent challenges to existing ideas about how cerebral cortex is wired. This is particularly timely because new automated techniques may soon yield huge datasets in need of explanation. Recent studies have, for instance, empirically evaluated Rámon y Cajal's conservation laws for cerebral cortex, while others have shown some unexpected connectivity features that may refine the traditional view of how corticocortical connections are organised with regard to functional representations of auditory, somatosensory and visual cortices. Understanding these data will help improve the fidelity of neural models of cerebral cortical function and take into account the diversity of connections at both micro- and mesoscopic scales not seen at such a depth before.

Cerebral Cortex

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Author : Edmund T. Rolls
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2018-01-26

Cerebral Cortex written by Edmund T. Rolls and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-01-26 with Science categories.

The aim of this book is to provide insight into the principles of operation of the cerebral cortex. These principles are key to understanding how we, as humans, function. There have been few previous attempts to set out some of the important principles of operation of the cortex, and this book is pioneering. The book goes beyond separate connectional neuroanatomical, neurophysiological, neuroimaging, neuropsychiatric, and computational neuroscience approaches, by combining evidence from all these areas to formulate hypotheses about how and what the cerebral cortex computes. As clear hypotheses are needed in this most important area of 21st century science, how our brains work, I have formulated a set of hypotheses about the principles of cortical operation to guide thinking and future research. The book focusses on the principles of operation of the cerebral cortex, because at this time it is possible to propose and describe many principles, and many are likely to stand the test of time, and provide a foundation for further developments, even if some need to be changed. In this context, I have not attempted to produce an overall theory of operation of the cerebral cortex, because at this stage of our understanding, such a theory would be incorrect or incomplete. However, many of the principles described will provide the foundations for more complete theories of the operation of the cerebral cortex. This book is intended to provide a foundation for future understanding, and it is hoped that future work will develop and add to these principles of operation of the cerebral cortex. The book includes Appendices on the operation of many of the neuronal networks described in the book, together with simulation software written in Matlab.

Discovering The Brain

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Author : National Academy of Sciences
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 1992-01-01

Discovering The Brain written by National Academy of Sciences and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992-01-01 with Medical categories.

The brain ... There is no other part of the human anatomy that is so intriguing. How does it develop and function and why does it sometimes, tragically, degenerate? The answers are complex. In Discovering the Brain, science writer Sandra Ackerman cuts through the complexity to bring this vital topic to the public. The 1990s were declared the "Decade of the Brain" by former President Bush, and the neuroscience community responded with a host of new investigations and conferences. Discovering the Brain is based on the Institute of Medicine conference, Decade of the Brain: Frontiers in Neuroscience and Brain Research. Discovering the Brain is a "field guide" to the brainâ€"an easy-to-read discussion of the brain's physical structure and where functions such as language and music appreciation lie. Ackerman examines: How electrical and chemical signals are conveyed in the brain. The mechanisms by which we see, hear, think, and pay attentionâ€"and how a "gut feeling" actually originates in the brain. Learning and memory retention, including parallels to computer memory and what they might tell us about our own mental capacity. Development of the brain throughout the life span, with a look at the aging brain. Ackerman provides an enlightening chapter on the connection between the brain's physical condition and various mental disorders and notes what progress can realistically be made toward the prevention and treatment of stroke and other ailments. Finally, she explores the potential for major advances during the "Decade of the Brain," with a look at medical imaging techniquesâ€"what various technologies can and cannot tell usâ€"and how the public and private sectors can contribute to continued advances in neuroscience. This highly readable volume will provide the public and policymakersâ€"and many scientists as wellâ€"with a helpful guide to understanding the many discoveries that are sure to be announced throughout the "Decade of the Brain."

Neural Information Processing

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Author : Mufti Mahmud
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2025-07-25

Neural Information Processing written by Mufti Mahmud and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-07-25 with Computers categories.

The eleven-volume set LNCS 15286-15296 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 31st International Conference on Neural Information Processing, ICONIP 2024, held in Auckland, New Zealand, in December 2024. The 318 regular papers presented in the proceedings set were carefully reviewed and selected from 1301 submissions. They focus on four main areas, namely: theory and algorithms; cognitive neurosciences; human-centered computing; and applications.

Evolution Of Nervous Systems

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Author : Georg F. Striedter
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2016-11-23

Evolution Of Nervous Systems written by Georg F. Striedter and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-11-23 with Science categories.

Evolution of Nervous Systems, Second Edition, Four Volume Set is a unique, major reference which offers the gold standard for those interested both in evolution and nervous systems. All biology only makes sense when seen in the light of evolution, and this is especially true for the nervous system. All animals have nervous systems that mediate their behaviors, many of them species specific, yet these nervous systems all evolved from the simple nervous system of a common ancestor. To understand these nervous systems, we need to know how they vary and how this variation emerged in evolution. In the first edition of this important reference work, over 100 distinguished neuroscientists assembled the current state-of-the-art knowledge on how nervous systems have evolved throughout the animal kingdom. This second edition remains rich in detail and broad in scope, outlining the changes in brain and nervous system organization that occurred from the first invertebrates and vertebrates, to present day fishes, reptiles, birds, mammals, and especially primates, including humans. The book also includes wholly new content, fully updating the chapters in the previous edition and offering brand new content on current developments in the field. Each of the volumes has been carefully restructured to offer expanded coverage of non-mammalian taxa, mammals, primates, and the human nervous system. The basic principles of brain evolution are discussed, as are mechanisms of change. The reader can select from chapters on highly specific topics or those that provide an overview of current thinking and approaches, making this an indispensable work for students and researchers alike. Presents a broad range of topics, ranging from genetic control of development in invertebrates, to human cognition, offering a one-stop resource for the evolution of nervous systems throughout the animal kingdom Incorporates the expertise of over 100 outstanding investigators who provide their conclusions in the context of the latest experimental results Presents areas of disagreement and consensus views that provide a holistic view of the subjects under discussion

Your Brain Is Almost Perfect

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Author : Read Montague
language : en
Publisher: Penguin
Release Date : 2007-09-25

Your Brain Is Almost Perfect written by Read Montague and has been published by Penguin this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-09-25 with Science categories.

"A fascinating introduction" (Steven Pinker) to the science of decision-making One of the leading thinkers in the computational neuroscience revolution offers a brilliant new perspective on the mind?s decision-making process. Why do we make the choices we make? How can science explain free will? If our brains are like slow computers originally programmed for survival with goals like food, water, and sex, why do we make choices that go against our own biological best interests? Where do values come from? What role do emotions play? From how we decide what we consume to the romantic, ethical, and financial choices we make, Read Montague guides readers through a new approach to the mind that is both entertaining and illuminating.

The Fractal Brain Theory

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Author : Wai Tsang
language : en
Publisher: Lulu.com
Release Date : 2016-08-02

The Fractal Brain Theory written by Wai Tsang and has been published by Lulu.com this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-08-02 with Science categories.

The Fractal Brain Theory, or the Symmetry, Self Similarity and Recursivity Theory of Brain and Mind, is a Revolutionary new way of looking at the nature of intelligence and also genomics. It is the key to a powerful and new kind of Recursively Self Modifying Artificial Intelligence. Wai H. Tsang presents an exciting new synthesis of all things psychological, linguistic, neuroscientific, genomic, evolutionary, informatic, computational, complex and fractal. Dealing with the most central puzzles of mind science and AI, and weaving in some of the most fundamental concepts in mathematics such as symmetry, geometry, functions, discrete maths and formal axiomatic systems. This book presents nothing less than a seamless unified theory of Brain, Mind, Artificial Intelligence, Functional Genomics, Ontogenesis and Evolution. Also covering topics such as the quest for the Perfect & Universal Language, Recursively Self Modifying Algorithms, Super Intelligence & Technological Singularity.

The Synaptic Organization Of The Brain

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Author : Gordon M. Shepherd
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2004

The Synaptic Organization Of The Brain written by Gordon M. Shepherd and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Medical categories.

This is a thorough revision of the standard text on local circuits in the different regions of the brain. In this fifth edition, the results of the mouse and human genome projects are incorporated for the first time. Also for the first time, the reader is oriented to supporting neuroscience databases. Among the new advances covered are 2-photon confocal laser microscopy of dendrites and dendritic spines, biochemical analyses, and dual patch and multielectrode recordings, applied together with an increasing range of behavioral and gene-targeting methods.

Demystifying The Brain

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Author : V. Srinivasa Chakravarthy
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-12-07

Demystifying The Brain written by V. Srinivasa Chakravarthy and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-12-07 with Computers categories.

This book presents an emerging new vision of the brain, which is essentially expressed in computational terms, for non-experts. As such, it presents the fundamental concepts of neuroscience in simple language, without overwhelming non-biologists with excessive biological jargon. In addition, the book presents a novel computational perspective on the brain for biologists, without resorting to complex mathematical equations. It addresses a comprehensive range of topics, starting with the history of neuroscience, the function of the individual neuron, the various kinds of neural network models that can explain diverse neural phenomena, sensory-motor function, language, emotions, and concluding with the latest theories on consciousness. The book offers readers a panoramic introduction to the “new brain” and a valuable resource for interdisciplinary researchers looking to gatecrash the world of neuroscience.

Principles Of Neural Design

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Author : Peter Sterling
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2017-06-09

Principles Of Neural Design written by Peter Sterling and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-06-09 with Science categories.

Two distinguished neuroscientists distil general principles from more than a century of scientific study, “reverse engineering” the brain to understand its design. Neuroscience research has exploded, with more than fifty thousand neuroscientists applying increasingly advanced methods. A mountain of new facts and mechanisms has emerged. And yet a principled framework to organize this knowledge has been missing. In this book, Peter Sterling and Simon Laughlin, two leading neuroscientists, strive to fill this gap, outlining a set of organizing principles to explain the whys of neural design that allow the brain to compute so efficiently. Setting out to “reverse engineer” the brain—disassembling it to understand it—Sterling and Laughlin first consider why an animal should need a brain, tracing computational abilities from bacterium to protozoan to worm. They examine bigger brains and the advantages of “anticipatory regulation”; identify constraints on neural design and the need to “nanofy”; and demonstrate the routes to efficiency in an integrated molecular system, phototransduction. They show that the principles of neural design at finer scales and lower levels apply at larger scales and higher levels; describe neural wiring efficiency; and discuss learning as a principle of biological design that includes “save only what is needed.” Sterling and Laughlin avoid speculation about how the brain might work and endeavor to make sense of what is already known. Their distinctive contribution is to gather a coherent set of basic rules and exemplify them across spatial and functional scales.