World Bank Lending For Lines Of Credit
DOWNLOAD
Download World Bank Lending For Lines Of Credit PDF/ePub or read online books in Mobi eBooks. Click Download or Read Online button to get World Bank Lending For Lines Of Credit book now. This website allows unlimited access to, at the time of writing, more than 1.5 million titles, including hundreds of thousands of titles in various foreign languages. If the content not found or just blank you must refresh this page
World Bank Lending For Lines Of Credit
DOWNLOAD
Author : Laurie Effron
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2006-01-01
World Bank Lending For Lines Of Credit written by Laurie Effron and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-01-01 with Social Science categories.
This review of World Bank support for lines of credit, channeled through local financial institutions in client countries, finds that the Bank's own guidelines have not been followed and outcomes are poor.
Lessons For The Urban Century
DOWNLOAD
Author : Patricia Clarke Annez
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2008-01-01
Lessons For The Urban Century written by Patricia Clarke Annez and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-01-01 with Business & Economics categories.
The world?s urban population doubled between 1970 and 2008, growing from 1.5 billion to 3 billion people. Future world population growth will be concentrated in developing countries?the majority in medium-size and smaller cities and towns. International institutions and governments alike face the challenge of efficiently financing the massive investment in infrastructure required to support this urban growth. The Urban Infrastructure Fund (UIF) is a tool designed to meet this need. Responsibility for subproject oversight, credit assessment, financial management reform, and other critical tasks.
World Bank Lending For Small Enterprises 1989 1993
DOWNLOAD
Author : Leila Webster
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 1996
World Bank Lending For Small Enterprises 1989 1993 written by Leila Webster and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Business & Economics categories.
Addresses the issue of international competitiveness from the perspective of developing countries, which must exploit the opportunities offered by international trade and the extraordinarily rapid technological progress of recent years. The book's central message is that while sound macroeconomic management is crucial for achieving a sustained rise in living standards, it is an economy's ability to generate and manage technological change that ultimately determines its success in the world market and the pace at which it grows.
Reforming Collateral Laws To Expand Access To Finance
DOWNLOAD
Author : Heywood W. Fleisig
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2006
Reforming Collateral Laws To Expand Access To Finance written by Heywood W. Fleisig and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Law categories.
Most readers, especially those with car loans or home mortgages, know about "collateral"--property that the lender can take away from the borrower in the event that the borrower defaults. In low/middle income countries, it is understood that conservative lenders exclude firms from credit markets with their excessive collateral requirements. Usually, this is because only some property is acceptable as collateral: large holdings of urban real estate and, sometimes, new motor vehicles. Microenterprises, SMEs, and the poor have little of this property but they do have an array of productive assets that could easily be harnessed to serve as collateral. It is only the legal framework which prevents firms from using these assets to secure loans. In countries with reformed laws governing collateral, property such as equipment, inventory, accounts receivable, livestock are considered excellent collateral. This book aims to better equip project managers to implement reforms to the legal and institutional framework for collateral (secured transactions). It discusses the importance of movable property as a source of collateral for firms, the relationship between the legal framework governing movable assets and the financial sector consequences for firms (better loan terms, increased access, more competitive financial sector), and how reforms can be put in place to change the lending environment.
World Bank Assistance To The Financial Sector
DOWNLOAD
Author : Laurie Effron
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2006-01-01
World Bank Assistance To The Financial Sector written by Laurie Effron and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-01-01 with Business & Economics categories.
"This report is a synthesis of three evaluations carried out by the Independent Evaluation Group and completed between July 2005 and February 2006, on different aspects of Bank assistance to financial sector development in client countries. The three evaluation reports are World Bank Lending for Lines of Credit: An IEG Evaluation; IEG Review of World Bank Assistance for Financial Sector Reform; and Financial Sector Assessment Program: IEG Review of the Joint World Bank and IMF Initiative. This paper seeks to draw out common themes and issues that have arisen from the three evaluations, which reviewed major components of the Bank's assistance during more than a decade to the financial sectors of client countries."
Global Waves Of Debt
DOWNLOAD
Author : M. Ayhan Kose
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2021-03-03
Global Waves Of Debt written by M. Ayhan Kose and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-03-03 with Business & Economics categories.
The global economy has experienced four waves of rapid debt accumulation over the past 50 years. The first three debt waves ended with financial crises in many emerging market and developing economies. During the current wave, which started in 2010, the increase in debt in these economies has already been larger, faster, and broader-based than in the previous three waves. Current low interest rates mitigate some of the risks associated with high debt. However, emerging market and developing economies are also confronted by weak growth prospects, mounting vulnerabilities, and elevated global risks. A menu of policy options is available to reduce the likelihood that the current debt wave will end in crisis and, if crises do take place, will alleviate their impact.
The Uniqueness Of Short Term Collateralization
DOWNLOAD
Author : Leora Klapper
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999
The Uniqueness Of Short Term Collateralization written by Leora Klapper and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with categories.
February 2001 A secured letter-of-credit loan allows a lender to make larger loans than would be permissible on an unsecured basis, maximizing a risky borrower's investment capital. Empirical evidence shows that secured letters of credit are used by borrowers who are informationally opaque and have higher observable risk. Such borrowers also have fewer growth opportunities and are less likely to pay dividends. Klapper finds evidence that lines of credit secured by accounts receivable are associated with business borrowers with a high risk of default. While an unsecured short-term loan is repaid from the borrower's future cash flow, a loan secured by accounts receivable (a unique form of "inside" collateral) is repaid from previously generated and observed sales (the borrower's trade credit terms to its customers). Consequently, lenders that secure accounts receivable are most concerned with the credit risk of the borrower's customers and the borrower's ability to continue to generate new sales. A stylized theoretical model demonstrates that the value of a secured line-of-credit loan in minimizing contracting costs is associated with the borrower's business risk and the quality of the borrower's customers. Empirical tests on a sample of publicly traded U.S. manufacturing firms find that firms with secured line of credit loans are observably riskier and have fewer expected growth opportunities. Klapper's findings suggest that observably riskier borrowers can borrow more on a secured than on an unsecured basis. The results highlight the important role of secured letters of credit in providing liquidity to risky, credit-constrained firms that might not have access to external financing through other channels. This paper--a product of Finance, Development Research Group--is part of a larger effort in the group to study financing for small and medium-size enterprises. The author may be contacted at [email protected].
The World Bank And The Poor
DOWNLOAD
Author : A. van de Laar
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1980-05-31
The World Bank And The Poor written by A. van de Laar and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1980-05-31 with Business & Economics categories.
The authors of a recent textbook on the Economics of Development (P. A. Yotopoulos and J . B. Nugent, 1976) chose as the title of their first chapter 'The Record of Economic Development and Disillusionment with Development Economics'. It is striking that dissatisfaction with this young branch of the tree of economics has become so strong that a textbook treatment of the subject matter takes Disillusionment as its point of departure. True, the Disillusion ment chapter is followed by many other chapters - there is, after all, some thing to be said on development economics that is worth saying - but the wording has changed, and frequently the focus as well, in comparison to the development economics of the 1950s and 'sixties. Dissatisfaction and disillusionment may be interpreted optimistically as an inevitable stage in the coming-of-age process of development economics. Others may say that the search for a new paradigm is the core of the problem. At any rate, there is no room for complacency. It cannot be denied that at least part of the 'early' development theory came into being as a justification ex post of policy measures that, for a variety of reasons, were judged desirable or essen tial.
The Uniqueness Of Short Term Collateralization
DOWNLOAD
Author : Leora Klapper
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
The Uniqueness Of Short Term Collateralization written by Leora Klapper and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
The author finds evidence that lines of credit secured by accounts receivable are associated with business borrowers with a high risk of default. While an unsecured short-term loan is repaid from the borrower's future cash flow, a loan secured by accounts receivable (a unique form of "inside" collateral) is repaid from previously generated and observed sales (the borrower's trade credit terms to its customers). Consequently, lenders that secure accounts receivable are most concerned with the credit risk of the borrower's customers and the borrower's ability to continue to generate new sales. A stylized theoretical model demonstrates that the value of a secured line-of-credit loan in minimizing contracting costs is associated with the borrower's business risk and the quality of the borrower's customers. Empirical tests on a sample of publicly traded U.S. manufacturing firms find that firms with secured line of credit loans are observably riskier and have fewer expected growth opportunities. The author's findings suggest that observably riskier borrowers can borrow more on a secured than on an unsecured basis. The results highlight the important role of secured letters of credit in providing liquidity to risky, credit-constrained firms that might not have access to external financing through other channels.
Are There Synergies Between World Bank Partial Credit Guarantees And Private Lending
DOWNLOAD
Author : Harry Huizinga
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 1999
Are There Synergies Between World Bank Partial Credit Guarantees And Private Lending written by Harry Huizinga and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with categories.
August 1997 One test of the efficacy of World Bank partial credit guarantees is whether they lower the interest rate and lengthen the effective maturity of the part of the credit not covered by the guarantee. Do they? Since 1994, the World Bank has provided partial credit guarantees to private financiers of several large infrastructure projects in developing countries. A major objective of the partial guarantee program is to leverage Bank resources so as to provide developing countries with better private credit terms. A real test of the efficacy of World Bank partial credit guarantees is whether they also lower the interest rate and lengthen the effective maturity of the part of the credit not covered by the World Bank guarantee. On the basis of deals closed so far, Huizinga finds no evidence that guarantees have affected nonguaranteed interest rates favorably, while the duration of the nonguaranteed credits remains relatively short. This paper-a product of the Development Research Group-is part of a larger effort in the group to evaluate the impact of World Bank guarantees.