A Change Of Air
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A Change Of Air
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Author : Anthony Hope
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 1894
A Change Of Air written by Anthony Hope and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1894 with Literary Collections categories.
In his speech at the annual banquet of the Royal Academy in 1894, among many other good things, Mr. Andrew Lang said: "The thrifty plan of giving us sermons, politics, fiction, all in one stodgy sandwich, produces no permanent literature, produces but temporary 'tracts for the times.' Fortunately we have among us many novelists-young ones, luckily-who are true to the primitive and eternal, the Fijian canons of fiction. We have Oriental romance from the author of 'Plain Tales from the Hills.' We have the humor and tenderness-certainly not Fijian, I admit-which produces that masterpiece 'A Window in Thrums'; we have the adventurous fancy that gives us 'A Gentleman of France, ' 'The Master of Ballantrae, ' 'Micah Clarke, ' 'The Raiders, ' 'The Prisoner of Zenda.'" The last of these books was by Anthony Hope Hawkins, whom Mr. Lang thus classed among potential immortals. This romance has made him within the last three months fairly famous. Walter Besant, too, has stamped it with his high approval, and the English and American press have been unusually unanimous in their praise.
Climate Change And Air Pollution
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Author : Rais Akhtar
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-10-05
Climate Change And Air Pollution written by Rais Akhtar and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-10-05 with Science categories.
This book discusses regional and international climate-change, air- pollution and human-health scenarios. The research, from both industrialized and developing countries, focuses on region-specific perspectives of climate change impacts on air pollution. After analyzing the variations of climate data over recent decades, the authors consider the different effects of climate change on air pollution and health. As stressed by the IPCC, “pollen, smoke and ozone levels are likely to increase in a warming world, affecting the health of residents of major cities. Rising temperatures will worsen air quality through a combination of more ozone in cities, bigger wild fires and worse pollen outbreaks,” according to a major UN climate report. The report follows the World Health Organization in finding that air pollution is the world’s greatest environmental health risk, killing 7 million people in 2014 (compared to 0.4 million deaths due to malaria). Deteriorating air quality will most affect the elderly, children, people with chronic ill-health and expectant mothers. Another report suggests that more than 5.5 million people die prematurely each year due to air pollution with over half of those deaths occurring in China and India. A study on the air pollution in the USA,suggests that more than half of US population lives in areas with potentially dangerous air pollution, and about six out of 10 of the top cities for air pollution in the USA are located in the state of California. In the face of future climate change, scientists have urged stronger emission controls to avoid worsening air pollution and the associated exacerbation of health problems, especially in more populated regions of the world. It is hoped that the implementation of the Paris Climate Agreement will help minimize air pollution. Additionally the authors consider the various measures that different countries and groups of countries, like the European Union, have adopted to mitigate the problems arising from climate change and to safeguard the health of population. The book examines the increasing incidence of diseases largely caused by climate change. The countries/regions covered in this study include the USA, Northern Europe (U.K).,Southern Europe ( Italy), Canada, Australia, East Asia, Russia, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, India, South Africa, Mexico, Brazil, Caribbean countries, and Argentina.
Climate Change Air Pollution And Global Challenges
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Author : Pavel Cudlín
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Release Date : 2013-11-19
Climate Change Air Pollution And Global Challenges written by Pavel Cudlín and has been published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-19 with Nature categories.
Forests provide many supporting, regulating and cultural services. Extensive environmental changes have resulted in a substantial loss or degradation of forest ecosystem services (ES). Unclear interactions of climate-change phenomena make it difficult to estimate forest ES. Research on interactive effects of climate change and air pollution has become a central issue in forest science during the past decade. Climate change in interaction with air pollution brings novel combinations of severity and timing of multiple stresses, which may significantly affect many forest ES. The aims of the present chapter are to identify basic concepts of evaluating ES with a focus on forest ES, to provide physiological and ecological bases for their evaluation, and to discuss the interactive effects of climate change and air pollution on forest ES based on selected tree physiological functions. Climate regulation mediated by deforestation-induced changes in the hydrological cycle is discussed. Adaptive governance and communication to the public promotes sustainable forest–multi-stakeholder collaboration. A case study is presented evaluating selected ES in a forest–agricultural landscape in the Czech Republic on the basis of monitored energy, water and material flows estimation. From this study, it is apparent that future research must include multi-factorial anthropogenic and natural interactions of climatic changes and air pollution in conjunction with sustainable forest ES provisions. Sustainable forest management is an essential tool for reducing the vulnerability of forests to environmental change.
Climate Change Air Pollution And Global Challenges
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Author : Andrzej Bytnerowicz
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Release Date : 2013-11-19
Climate Change Air Pollution And Global Challenges written by Andrzej Bytnerowicz and has been published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-19 with Nature categories.
A review of the current status of air pollution and climate change (CC) in the United States from a perspective of their impacts on forest ecosystems is provided. Ambient ozone (O3) and nitrogen (N) deposition have important and widespread ecological impacts in U.S. forests. Effects of sulphurous (S) air pollutants and other trace pollutants have significant ecological importance only at much smaller geographic scales. Complex interactive effects of air pollution and CC for selected future CC scenarios are reviewed. In addition, simulations of past, present, and future hydrologic, nutrient, and growth changes caused by interactive effects of air pollution and CC are described for two U.S. forest ecosystems. Impacts of O3, N deposition, and CC on growth and hydrology of mixed conifer forests in the San Bernardino Mountains in southern California were projected with the DayCent model. Effects of N deposition, CO2 fertilization, N deposition, and CC on northern hardwood forests at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest in New Hampshire were simulated with the PnET-BGC model. Projected changes in these forests can influence the provision of ecosystem services such as C sequestration and water supply. The extent of these effects will vary depending on the future intensity and extent of CC, air pollutant emission levels, the distribution of air pollution, and other factors such as drought, pest outbreaks, fire, etc. Our chapter ends with research and management recommendations intended to increase our ability to cope with uncertainties related to the future interactive effects of multiple air pollutants, atmospheric deposition, CC, and other biotic and abiotic stressors.
Climate Change Air Pollution And Global Challenges
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Newnes
Release Date : 2013-11-19
Climate Change Air Pollution And Global Challenges written by and has been published by Newnes this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-19 with Technology & Engineering categories.
There are significant pressures from climate change and air pollution that forests currently face. This book aims to increase understanding of the state and potential of forest ecosystems to mitigate and adapt to climate change in a polluted environment. It reconciles process-oriented research, long-term monitoring and applied modeling through comprehensive forest ecosystem research. Furthermore, it introduces "forest super sites for research for integrating soil, plant and atmospheric sciences and monitoring. It also provides mechanistic and policy-oriented modeling with scientifically sound risk indications regarding atmospheric changes and ecosystem services. - Identifies current knowledge gaps and emerging research needs - Highlights novel methodologies and integrated research concepts - Assesses ecological meaning of investigations and prioritizing research need
Climate Change Air Pollution And Global Challenges
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Author : Rainer Matyssek
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Release Date : 2013-11-19
Climate Change Air Pollution And Global Challenges written by Rainer Matyssek and has been published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-19 with Nature categories.
This chapter outlines the aims and scope of the book. An introduction is given to the current status of knowledge which is presented on the topic of the book. Arguments are presented for writing the book, in view of continued, long-term and process-based research needed for mitigating ecological and socio-economic risks to forests under global change. The book will conclude on suggestions for decision making and reasons for continued funding of related research.
Climate Change Air Pollution And Global Challenges
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Author : Juha-Pekka Tuovinen
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Release Date : 2013-11-19
Climate Change Air Pollution And Global Challenges written by Juha-Pekka Tuovinen and has been published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-19 with Nature categories.
The air pollution load to northern European forests is changing as a result of emission reductions. Climate change modifies this load, either directly via atmospheric processes or indirectly by affecting emission patterns. We estimate the risk of harmful effects due to tropospheric ozone and nitrogen deposition in present and future conditions. Our modelling results show that critical levels are exceeded in northern Europe for both ozone and nitrogen. Emission reductions will reduce the vegetation stress, but climate change is likely to have an opposite effect. While tropospheric ozone is reduced, its phytotoxic dose increases due to atmospheric warming. The amplified warming in the Arctic may significantly enhance shipping emissions. The effect of these increases extends to the boreal region. In addition, we review recent literature on the interactions between climate change and air quality, and discuss the assessment of pollution risks and carbon stocks and related synergies in emission control.
Climate Change Air Pollution And Global Challenges
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Author : Hojka Kraigher
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Release Date : 2013-11-19
Climate Change Air Pollution And Global Challenges written by Hojka Kraigher and has been published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-19 with Nature categories.
Mycorrhizal fungi have evolved with their plant partners and enabled them with better growth in stressed and disturbed environments by better nutrient acquisition and protection against pathogens. Any stress or disturbance belowground is reflected first in changes in mycorrhizal community structure. The complex mycorrhizal networks and interactions among mycorrhizosphere organisms regulate the carbon dynamics and stability of forest ecosystems by ‘beneficial interactions’ or ‘collaboration’ rather than by competition—especially under stress and disturbance. This chapter provides an overview of mycorrhizal forms, structure and functions, their vulnerability and their central role in complex mycorrhizosphere interactions. Their disruption may lead to the loss of essential functions of forest ecosystems. The conservation of belowground interactions should be among priority areas of future research and monitoring programmes and strategies.
Principles Of Human Physiology With Their Chief Applications To Pathology Hygiene And Forensic Medicine Second Edition
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Author : William Benjamin CARPENTER
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1876
Principles Of Human Physiology With Their Chief Applications To Pathology Hygiene And Forensic Medicine Second Edition written by William Benjamin CARPENTER and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1876 with categories.
Air Pollution Global Change And Forests In The New Millennium
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Author : D.F. Karnosky
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2003-12-18
Air Pollution Global Change And Forests In The New Millennium written by D.F. Karnosky and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-12-18 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The chapters in this book present a snapshot of the state of knowledge of air pollution effects at the beginning of the 21st century. From their different disciplines, a distinguished collection of authors document their understanding of how leaves, trees, and forests respond to air pollutants and climate change. Scenarios of global change and air pollution are described. The authors describe responses of forests to climate variability, tropospheric ozone, rising atmospheric CO2, the combination of CO2 and ozone, and deposition of acidic compounds and heavy metals. The responses to ozone receive particular attention because of increasing concern about its damaging effects and increasing concentrations in rural areas. Scaling issues are addressed - from leaves to trees, from juvenile trees to mature trees, from short-term responses to long-term responses, and from small-scale experiments and observations to large-scale forest ecosystems. This book is one major product of a conference sponsored by the International Union of Forestry Research Organizations, the USDA Forest Service Global Change Northern Stations Program, the Arthur Ross Foundation, NCASI, the Canadian Forest Service, and Michigan Technological University. The conference, held in May 2000 in Houghton, Michigan, USA, was appropriately titled "Air Pollution, Global Change, and Forests in the New Millennium". The Editors, David Karnosky, Kevin Percy, Art Chappelka, Caroline Simpson, and Janet Pikkarainen organized the conference and edited this book.