A Policymaker S Guide To Hate Crimes
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A Policymaker S Guide To Hate Crimes
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Author : U.s. Department of Justice
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Pub
Release Date : 2012-08-12
A Policymaker S Guide To Hate Crimes written by U.s. Department of Justice and has been published by Createspace Independent Pub this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-08-12 with Law categories.
Despite the best efforts of political and community leaders to foster tolerance and understanding, deep-seated racial tensions continue to plague the Nation. News stories of bias-motivated incidents fill the national pages of major U.S. newspapers. A rash of arsons at African-American churches in the South, for example, has spurred the Federal Government to launch a major investigation that, so far, has led to the arrest of 120 suspects. Of the 298 Federal arson investigations carried out between January 1995 and November 1996, approximately 43 percent involved fires at black churches, although white churches far outnumber black churches in the Nation. Political and religious leaders said that the disproportionate number of black churches being burned indicated that the Nation was experiencing a serious wave of hate crimes. While the hate crime problem has moved up the political agendas of policymakers at every level of government in recent years, the phenomenon is hardly new. From the Romans' persecution of Christians and the Nazis' “final solution” for the Jews to the “ethnic cleansing” in Bosnia and genocide in Rwanda, hate crimes have shaped and sometimes defined world history. In the United States, racial and religious biases largely have inspired most hate crimes. As Europeans began to colonize the New World in the 16th and 17th centuries, Native Americans increasingly became the targets of biasmotivated intimidation and violence. During the past two centuries, some of the more typical examples of hate crimes in this Nation include the lynchings of African Americans, cross burnings to drive black families from predominantly white neighborhoods, assaults on homosexuals, and the painting of swastikas on Jewish synagogues. For the purposes of this monograph, hate crimes, or bias-motivated crimes, are defined as offenses motivated by hatred against a victim based on his or her race, religion, sexual orientation, handicap, ethnicity, or national origin. While such a definition may make identifying a hate crime seem like a simple task, criminal acts motivated by bias can easily be confused with forms of expression protected by the U.S. Constitution. In recent years hate crimes and related legal issues have received a significant amount of coverage and commentary in the news media. As a result of several dramatic incidents of hate crimes and domestic terrorism, public awareness and concern over bias-motivated crimes have heightened, and the topic has steadily moved up the political agendas of leaders at every level of government. These developments have led Attorney General Janet Reno to seek an assessment of laws and strategies designed to fight, gauge, and prevent bias-motivated offenses; this monograph both reflects and helps meet that commitment. A Policymaker's Guide to Hate Crimes is the product of a review of recent literature on hate crimes, interviews with hate crime experts, and attendance at congressional hearings and a planning meeting on hate crimes and terrorism. It is meant to explain, in layperson's terms, the scope and nature of the Nation's hate crime problem and to provide a general overview of the current responses to hate crimes by local, State, and Federal government agencies; law enforcement authorities; and civil rights groups. This monograph examines the significant strides made by the Federal Government in creating a baseline of raw data on hate crimes and the problems that impede the reporting of hate crime incidents. In addition, the monograph summarizes current State laws and U.S. Supreme Court decisions regarding hate crimes. Preventive measures and tactics for dealing with hate crime offenders also are discussed with references to vanguard programs in specific communities. We hope that this monograph will educate and guide public officials in developing policies that address one of the Nation's most insidious problems.
A Policymaker S Guide To Hate Crimes
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Author : Gwen Holden
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998-12-01
A Policymaker S Guide To Hate Crimes written by Gwen Holden and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998-12-01 with categories.
Intended to educate and guide public officials in developing policies that address one of the Nation's most insidious problems. Explains, in layperson's terms, the scope and nature of the Nation's hate crime problem and provides a general overview of the current responses to hate crimes by local, state, and fed. gov't. agencies. Examines the problems that impede the reporting of hate crime incidents. Summarizes current state laws and U.S. Supreme Court decisions regarding hate crimes and discusses preventative measures and tactics for dealing with offenders with reference to vanguard programs in specific communities.
A Policymaker S Guide To Hate Crimes
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Author : U. S. Department U.S. Department of Justice
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 2016-08-18
A Policymaker S Guide To Hate Crimes written by U. S. Department U.S. Department of Justice and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-08-18 with categories.
Despite the best efforts of political and community leaders to foster tolerance and understanding, deep-seated racial tensions continue to plague the Nation. News stories of bias-motivated incidents fill the national pages of major U.S. newspapers. A rash of arsons at African-American churches in the South, for example, has spurred the Federal Government to launch a major investigation that, so far, has led to the arrest of 120 suspects. Of the 298 Federal arson investigations carried out between January 1995 and November 1996, approximately 43 percent involved fires at black churches, although white churches far outnumber black churches in the Nation. Political and religious leaders said that the disproportionate number of black churches being burned indicated that the Nation was experiencing a serious wave of hate crimes.
A Policymaker S Guide To Hate Crimes
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997
A Policymaker S Guide To Hate Crimes written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Government publications categories.
Hate And Bias Crime
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Author : Barbara Perry
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2012-11-12
Hate And Bias Crime written by Barbara Perry and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-11-12 with Social Science categories.
Covering everything from hate groups and extremist exploits to Black church arsons and the fall out violence from 9/11; this is an important collection that sheds much-needed light on this growing problem.
Responding To Hate Crime
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Author : Chakraborti, Neil
language : en
Publisher: Policy Press
Release Date : 2015-07
Responding To Hate Crime written by Chakraborti, Neil and has been published by Policy Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-07 with Social Science categories.
The policy makers that govern responses to hate crimes and the institutions that research those crimes have up to this point been separate: policy makers have not taken research into consideration, and researchers have conducted their studies with little reference to policies. This book bridges the gap between the two by bringing together internationally renowned hate crime experts from the domains of academia, policy making, and activism. The contributors provide new perspectives on the nature of hate crimes, their victims, and their perpetrators, exploring a range of themes, challenges, and solutions that have otherwise received little attention. The result is a collection of innovative ways of combating hate crime that combines cutting-edge research with the latest in professional innovations, while remaining accessible to a wide audience.
The Measurement Of Hate Crimes In America
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Author : Frank S. Pezzella
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-10-23
The Measurement Of Hate Crimes In America written by Frank S. Pezzella and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-10-23 with Social Science categories.
Using data from the Uniform Crime Reporting Hate Crime Statistics Program and the National Crime Victimization Survey, this brief highlights the uniqueness of hate or bias crime victimization. It compares these to non-bias crimes and delineates the situational circumstances that distinguish bias from non-bias offending. The nuances of under-reporting shed light on bias-group and victim reasons for not reporting. By examining measurement issues associated with data collection systems, this brief helps explain why eighty-nine percent of participating law enforcement agencies report zero hate crimes each year. It describes patterns and trends in reporting the volume of general bias motivations and specific bias types, as the most prevalent hate crime offense types and most likely victims and offenders. With recommendations to address issues in measurement and under-reporting, including an action plan by the Enhance the Response to Hate Crimes Advisory Committee and the International Association of Chiefs of Police, a best practice model by the Oak Creek Police Department, and other promising law enforcement reporting models, this brief provides an increasingly critical resource for law enforcement practitioners and researchers dealing with hate crimes.
Encyclopedia Of Criminology
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Author : J. Mitchell Miller
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-12-17
Encyclopedia Of Criminology written by J. Mitchell Miller and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-12-17 with Reference categories.
This three-volume work offers a comprehensive review of the pivotal concepts, measures, theories, and practices that comprise criminology and criminal justice. No longer just a subtopic of sociology, criminology has become an independent academic field of study that incorporates scholarship from numerous disciplines including psychology, political science, behavioral science, law, economics, public health, family studies, social work, and many others. The three-volume Encyclopedia of Criminology presents the latest research as well as the traditional topics which reflect the field's multidisciplinary nature in a single, authoritative reference work. More than 525 alphabetically arranged entries by the leading authorities in the discipline comprise this definitive, international resource. The pivotal concepts, measures, theories, and practices of the field are addressed with an emphasis on comparative criminology and criminal justice. While the primary focus of the work is on American criminology and contemporary criminal justice in the United States, extensive global coverage of other nations' justice systems is included, and the increasing international nature of crime is explored thoroughly. Providing the most up-to-date scholarship in addition to the traditional theories on criminology, the Encyclopedia of Criminology is the essential one-stop reference for students and scholars alike to explore the broad expanse of this multidisciplinary field.
Hate Crimes
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Author : Donald Altschiller
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Release Date : 2015-09-15
Hate Crimes written by Donald Altschiller and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-09-15 with Social Science categories.
Hate crime is a disturbing phenomenon that is the subject of constant debate, discussion, and legislation. This book helps readers understand the complex issue and see how the government and activists are proactively combating hate crime. With the first two editions widely praised by reviewers, Hate Crimes: A Reference Handbook, Third Edition remains the most comprehensive reference source on bias-motivated violence committed in the United States. The book contains vital history on hate crime legislation, provides a detailed chronology of recent events, and offers the most up-to-date information on its prevalence and the affected religious, racial, and other targeted communities, such as Jewish Americans and Sikh Americans. Dozens of expert contributors—such as Kenneth L. Marcus, president and general counsel of the Louis D. Brandeis Center for Human Rights Under Law—present a balanced range of perspectives on the growing phenomenon, enabling readers to fully comprehend the widespread problem and develop their own informed opinion. Written in an accessible style suited to high school and undergraduate-level students as well as general readers, this book provides an essential, current, and easy-to-read ready reference on the timely and evolving issue of hate crime in the United States. The material provides an introductory overview of the topic of hate crime as well as insightful discussion of specific subjects, such as U.S. Supreme Court decisions and federal and state legislation regarding hate crimes, the incidence of hate crimes committed on America's college campuses, and governmental and citizen efforts to combat this disturbing phenomenon.
Federal Register
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997-11-14
Federal Register written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-11-14 with Administrative law categories.