A Primer On Memory Consistency And Cache Coherence
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A Primer On Memory Consistency And Cache Coherence
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Author : Daniel J. Sorin
language : en
Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Release Date : 2011
A Primer On Memory Consistency And Cache Coherence written by Daniel J. Sorin and has been published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Computers categories.
Many modern computer systems and most multicore chips (chip multiprocessors) support shared memory in hardware. In a shared memory system, each of the processor cores may read and write to a single shared address space. For a shared memory machine, the memory consistency model defines the architecturally visible behavior of its memory system. Consistency definitions provide rules about loads and stores (or memory reads and writes) and how they act upon memory. As part of supporting a memory consistency model, many machines also provide cache coherence protocols that ensure that multiple cached copies of data are kept up-to-date. The goal of this primer is to provide readers with a basic understanding of consistency and coherence. This understanding includes both the issues that must be solved as well as a variety of solutions. We present both highlevel concepts as well as specific, concrete examples from real-world systems. Table of Contents: Preface / Introduction to Consistency and Coherence / Coherence Basics / Memory Consistency Motivation and Sequential Consistency / Total Store Order and the x86 Memory Model / Relaxed Memory Consistency / Coherence Protocols / Snooping Coherence Protocols / Directory Coherence Protocols / Advanced Topics in Coherence / Author Biographies
A Primer On Memory Consistency And Cache Coherence Second Edition
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Author : Vijay Nagarajan
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-05-31
A Primer On Memory Consistency And Cache Coherence Second Edition written by Vijay Nagarajan and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-05-31 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Many modern computer systems, including homogeneous and heterogeneous architectures, support shared memory in hardware. In a shared memory system, each of the processor cores may read and write to a single shared address space. For a shared memory machine, the memory consistency model defines the architecturally visible behavior of its memory system. Consistency definitions provide rules about loads and stores (or memory reads and writes) and how they act upon memory. As part of supporting a memory consistency model, many machines also provide cache coherence protocols that ensure that multiple cached copies of data are kept up-to-date. The goal of this primer is to provide readers with a basic understanding of consistency and coherence. This understanding includes both the issues that must be solved as well as a variety of solutions. We present both high-level concepts as well as specific, concrete examples from real-world systems. This second edition reflects a decade of advancements since the first edition and includes, among other more modest changes, two new chapters: one on consistency and coherence for non-CPU accelerators (with a focus on GPUs) and one that points to formal work and tools on consistency and coherence.
A Primer On Memory Consistency And Cache Coherence
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Author : Daniel Sorin
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-11-10
A Primer On Memory Consistency And Cache Coherence written by Daniel Sorin and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-11-10 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Many modern computer systems and most multicore chips (chip multiprocessors) support shared memory in hardware. In a shared memory system, each of the processor cores may read and write to a single shared address space. For a shared memory machine, the memory consistency model defines the architecturally visible behavior of its memory system. Consistency definitions provide rules about loads and stores (or memory reads and writes) and how they act upon memory. As part of supporting a memory consistency model, many machines also provide cache coherence protocols that ensure that multiple cached copies of data are kept up-to-date. The goal of this primer is to provide readers with a basic understanding of consistency and coherence. This understanding includes both the issues that must be solved as well as a variety of solutions. We present both highlevel concepts as well as specific, concrete examples from real-world systems. Table of Contents: Preface / Introduction to Consistency and Coherence / Coherence Basics / Memory Consistency Motivation and Sequential Consistency / Total Store Order and the x86 Memory Model / Relaxed Memory Consistency / Coherence Protocols / Snooping Coherence Protocols / Directory Coherence Protocols / Advanced Topics in Coherence / Author Biographies
The Cache Memory Book
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Author : Jim Handy
language : en
Publisher: Morgan Kaufmann
Release Date : 1998-01-13
The Cache Memory Book written by Jim Handy and has been published by Morgan Kaufmann this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998-01-13 with Computers categories.
The Second Edition of The Cache Memory Book introduces systems designers to the concepts behind cache design. The book teaches the basic cache concepts and more exotic techniques. It leads readers through someof the most intricate protocols used in complex multiprocessor caches. Written in an accessible, informal style, this text demystifies cache memory design by translating cache concepts and jargon into practical methodologies and real-life examples. It also provides adequate detail to serve as a reference book for ongoing work in cache memory design. The Second Edition includes an updated and expanded glossary of cache memory terms and buzzwords. The book provides new real world applications of cache memory design and a new chapter on cache"tricks". Illustrates detailed example designs of caches Provides numerous examples in the form of block diagrams, timing waveforms, state tables, and code traces Defines and discusses more than 240 cache specific buzzwords, comparing in detail the relative merits of different design methodologies Includes an extensive glossary, complete with clear definitions, synonyms, and references to the appropriate text discussions
Shared Memory Synchronization
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Author : Michael L. Scott
language : en
Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Release Date : 2013-06-01
Shared Memory Synchronization written by Michael L. Scott and has been published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-01 with Computers categories.
From driving, flying, and swimming, to digging for unknown objects in space exploration, autonomous robots take on varied shapes and sizes. In part, autonomous robots are designed to perform tasks that are too dirty, dull, or dangerous for humans. With nontrivial autonomy and volition, they may soon claim their own place in human society. These robots will be our allies as we strive for understanding our natural and man-made environments and build positive synergies around us. Although we may never perfect replication of biological capabilities in robots, we must harness the inevitable emergence of robots that synchronizes with our own capacities to live, learn, and grow. This book is a snapshot of motivations and methodologies for our collective attempts to transform our lives and enable us to cohabit with robots that work with and for us. It reviews and guides the reader to seminal and continual developments that are the foundations for successful paradigms. It attempts to demystify the abilities and limitations of robots. It is a progress report on the continuing work that will fuel future endeavors. Table of Contents: Part I: Preliminaries/Agency, Motion, and Anatomy/Behaviors / Architectures / Affect/Sensors / Manipulators/Part II: Mobility/Potential Fields/Roadmaps / Reactive Navigation / Multi-Robot Mapping: Brick and Mortar Strategy / Part III: State of the Art / Multi-Robotics Phenomena / Human-Robot Interaction / Fuzzy Control / Decision Theory and Game Theory / Part IV: On the Horizon / Applications: Macro and Micro Robots / References / Author Biography / Discussion
A Primer On Memory Persistency
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Author : Vaibhav Gogte
language : en
Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Release Date : 2022-02-09
A Primer On Memory Persistency written by Vaibhav Gogte and has been published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-02-09 with Computers categories.
This book introduces readers to emerging persistent memory (PM) technologies that promise the performance of dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) with the durability of traditional storage media, such as hard disks and solid-state drives (SSDs). Persistent memories (PMs), such as Intel's Optane DC persistent memories, are commercially available today. Unlike traditional storage devices, PMs can be accessed over a byte-addressable load-store interface with access latency that is comparable to DRAM. Unfortunately, existing hardware and software systems are ill-equipped to fully avail the potential of these byte-addressable memory technologies as they have been designed to access traditional storage media over a block-based interface. Several mechanisms have been explored in the research literature over the past decade to design hardware and software systems that provide high-performance access to PMs. Because PMs are durable, they can retain data across failures, such as power failures and program crashes. Upon a failure, recovery mechanisms may inspect PM data, reconstruct state and resume program execution. Correct recovery of data requires that operations to the PM are properly ordered during normal program execution. Memory persistency models define the order in which memory operations are performed at the PM. Much like memory consistency models, memory persistency models may be relaxed to improve application performance. Several proposals have emerged recently to design memory persistency models for hardware and software systems and for high-level programming languages. These proposals differ in several key aspects; they relax PM ordering constraints, introduce varying programmability burden, and introduce differing granularity of failure atomicity for PM operations. This primer provides a detailed overview of the various classes of the memory persistency models, their implementations in hardware, programming languages and software systems proposed in the recent research literature, and the PM ordering techniques employed by modern processors.
The Memory System
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Author : Bruce Jacob
language : en
Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Release Date : 2009
The Memory System written by Bruce Jacob and has been published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Computers categories.
Introduce the reader to the most important details of the memory system. This book targets both computer scientists and computer engineers in industry and in academia. Roughly speaking, computer scientists are the users of the memory system and computer engineers are the designers of the memory system. Both can benefit tremendously from a basic understanding of how the memory system really works.
Proceedings Of The 24th Conference On Formal Methods In Computer Aided Design Fmcad 2024
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Author : Nina Narodytska
language : en
Publisher: TU Wien Academic Press
Release Date : 2024-10-01
Proceedings Of The 24th Conference On Formal Methods In Computer Aided Design Fmcad 2024 written by Nina Narodytska and has been published by TU Wien Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-10-01 with Computers categories.
Die Proceedings zur Konferenz „Formal Methods in Computer-Aided Design 2024“ geben aktuelle Einblicke in ein spannendes Forschungsfeld. Zum fünften Mal erscheinen die Beiträge der Konferenzreihe „Formal Methods in Computer-Aided Design“ (FMCAD) als Konferenzband bei TU Wien Academic Press. Der aktuelle Band der seit 2006 jährlich veranstalteten Konferenzreihe präsentiert in 35 Beiträgen neueste wissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse aus dem Bereich des computergestützten Entwerfens. Die Beiträge behandeln formale Aspekte des computergestützten Systemdesigns einschließlich Verifikation, Spezifikation, Synthese und Test. Die FMCAD-Konferenz findet im Oktober 2024 in Prag, Tschechische Republik, statt. Sie gilt als führendes Forum im Bereich des computer-aided design und bietet seit ihrer Gründung Forschenden sowohl aus dem akademischen als auch dem industriellen Umfeld die Möglichkeit, sich auszutauschen und zu vernetzen.
Modern Processor Design
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Author : John Paul Shen
language : en
Publisher: Waveland Press
Release Date : 2013-07-30
Modern Processor Design written by John Paul Shen and has been published by Waveland Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-07-30 with Computers categories.
Conceptual and precise, Modern Processor Design brings together numerous microarchitectural techniques in a clear, understandable framework that is easily accessible to both graduate and undergraduate students. Complex practices are distilled into foundational principles to reveal the authors insights and hands-on experience in the effective design of contemporary high-performance micro-processors for mobile, desktop, and server markets. Key theoretical and foundational principles are presented in a systematic way to ensure comprehension of important implementation issues. The text presents fundamental concepts and foundational techniques such as processor design, pipelined processors, memory and I/O systems, and especially superscalar organization and implementations. Two case studies and an extensive survey of actual commercial superscalar processors reveal real-world developments in processor design and performance. A thorough overview of advanced instruction flow techniques, including developments in advanced branch predictors, is incorporated. Each chapter concludes with homework problems that will institute the groundwork for emerging techniques in the field and an introduction to multiprocessor systems.
Automated Technology For Verification And Analysis
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Author : Franck Cassez
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-10-24
Automated Technology For Verification And Analysis written by Franck Cassez and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-10-24 with Computers categories.
This book constitutes the proceedings of the 12th International Symposium on Automated Technology for Verification and Analysis, ATVA 2014, held in Sydney, Australia, in November 2014. The 29 revised papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 76 submissions. They show current research on theoretical and practical aspects of automated analysis, verification and synthesis by providing an international forum for interaction among the researchers in academia and industry.