A Survey Of Health Reform In Central Asia
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A Survey Of Health Reform In Central Asia
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Author : Jeni Klugman
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 1996-01-01
A Survey Of Health Reform In Central Asia written by Jeni Klugman and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-01-01 with Medical categories.
World Bank Technical Paper No. 352. Six years into the transition from planned to market economies in Central and Eastern Europe, high unemployment rates, including a growing proportion of the long-term unemployed, represent a serious challenge to social welfare systems and policymakers. This paper analyzes labor market development in nine transition countries of the region by focusing on the dynamics of labor force behavior, employment, and unemployment. The countries include Bulgaria, Croatia, the Czech Republic, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, the Slovak Republic, and Slovenia.
Getting Better
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Author : Owen Smith
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2013-06-10
Getting Better written by Owen Smith and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-10 with Medical categories.
Fifty years ago, health outcomes in the countries of Eastern Europe and Central Asia were not far behind those in Western Europe and well ahead of most other regions of the world. But progress since then has been slow. While life expectancy in the ECA region today is close to the global average, the gap with its western neighbors has doubled, and other middle-income regions have all surpassed ECA. Some countries in the region are doing better, but full convergence with the world’s most advanced health systems is still a long way off. At the same time, survey evidence suggests that the health sector is the top priority for additional investment among populations across the region. The experience of high-income countries also suggests that popular demand for strong and accessible health systems will only grow over time. Yet these aspirations must be reconciled with current fiscal realities. In brief, health sector issues are a challenge here to stay for policy-makers across the ECA region. This report draws on new evidence to explore the development challenge facing health sectors in ECA, and highlights three key agendas to help policy-makers seeking to achieve more rapid convergence with the world’s best performing health systems. The first is the health agenda, where the task is to strengthen public health and primary care interventions to help launch the “cardiovascular revolution” that has taken place in the West in recent decades. The second is the financing agenda, in which growing demand for medical care must be satisfied without imposing undue burden on households or government budgets. The third agenda relates to broader institutional arrangements. Here there are some key reform ingredients common to most advanced health systems that are still missing in many ECA countries. A common theme in each of these three agendas is the emphasis on improving outcomes, or “Getting Better”.
Who Is Paying For Health Care In Eastern Europe And Central Asia
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Author : Maureen A. Lewis
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2000-01-01
Who Is Paying For Health Care In Eastern Europe And Central Asia written by Maureen A. Lewis and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-01-01 with Health & Fitness categories.
Informal payments in the health sector of Eastern and Central Asia are emerging as a fundamental aspect of health care financing and a serious impediment to health care reform. These informal payments, made to individuals or institutions in cash or in kind, are nearly always for services that are meant to be covered by the health care system. Such private payments to public personnel have created an informal market for health care , and are a form of corruption. This problem's roots are traced to declining revenues which have not coincided with a reduction in buildings, hospital beds and health personnel. In these circumstances informal payments compensate for lost earnings, and therefore reforms to modernise the region's health systems must compete with individuals' personal revenues. Options for addressing this problem include comprehensive anticorruption policies, downsizing of the public health system, reducing the set of services sibsidised by the state, encouraging cost sharing with those who can afford it, improving accountability, and promoting private alternatives.
Implementing Health Sector Reform In Central Asia
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Author : Zuzana Feachem
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 1999
Implementing Health Sector Reform In Central Asia written by Zuzana Feachem and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Medical categories.
It is easy for reformers and their overseas advisers to develop conceptually strong plans for health sector reform that appeal to governments, donors, and academics. Transforming these plans into successful action has proved to be extremely difficult. Toward the goal of improving assistance to this sector, the Economic Development Institute (EDI) of the World Bank held a seminar in Ashgabat, Turkmenistan in June 1996. This publication provides a summary of the proceedings and papers presented at that seminar. It was attended by delegations from five countries in Central Asia and from Azerbaijan and Mongolia. The content of this volume emphasizes topics central to the restructuring of health sector financing and health care delivery systems at a time of transition to market economies and to democracy. Maintaining and improving the health status of the population while preventing rapid escalation of health care expenditure were the recurrent themes throughout the seminar.
Health Care In Central Asia
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Author : Mckee
language : en
Publisher: Open University Press
Release Date : 2002
Health Care In Central Asia written by Mckee and has been published by Open University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Health & Fitness categories.
Central Asia remains one of the least known parts of the former Soviet Union. The five central Asian republics gained their unexpected independence in 1991. They have faced enormous challenges over the last decade in reforming their health care systems, including adverse macro-economic conditions and political instability. To varying extents, each country is diverging from a hierarchical and unsustainable Soviet model health care system. Common strategies have involved devolving the ownership of health services, seeking sources of revenue additional to shrinking state taxes, 'down-sizing' their excessive hospital systems, introducing general practitioners into primary care services, and enhancing the training of health professionals. This book draws on a decade of experience of what has worked and what has not. It is an invaluable source for those working in the region and for others interested in the experiences of countries in political and economic transition.
Implementing Health Sector Reform In Central Asia
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Author : Zuzana Feachem
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999
Implementing Health Sector Reform In Central Asia written by Zuzana Feachem and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Health care reform categories.
Household Welfare In Central Asia
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Author : Jane Falkingham
language : en
Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan
Release Date : 2014-01-14
Household Welfare In Central Asia written by Jane Falkingham and has been published by Palgrave Macmillan this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-01-14 with Business & Economics categories.
The Central Asian republics represent the poorest area of the former Soviet Union and this book contains the first rigorous analysis of household living standards in the region. Part I deals with methodological issues of measuring household welfare in transition, Part II quantifies living standards in various ways, and Part III looks at support given by the state, firms, other households and NGOs - the 'mixed economy' of welfare provision. The book is characterised by analysis of newly available survey data.
10 Health Questions About The Caucasus And Central Asia
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Author : Elke Jakubowski
language : en
Publisher: Euro Publication
Release Date : 2009
10 Health Questions About The Caucasus And Central Asia written by Elke Jakubowski and has been published by Euro Publication this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Business & Economics categories.
This book highlights the essentials of health and health systems in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. It then compares these national data with the average data for three groups: their own, the 15 countries that were members of the EU before 1 May 2004 and the 27 current EU Member States. Each chapter provides a concise overview of key health indicators in 1 of the 8 countries, summarizes the key features of the country's health system and describes the results of over a decade of health system reform. This popular series offers a quick and easy way to grasp the health essentials in a visually attractive format. Comparisons are a compelling source of information that policy-makers and stakeholders, both within countries and internationally, can use to take action against health disparities and alleviate the striking differences in health status among citizens across the WHO European Region.
Golden Aging
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Author : Maurizio Bussolo
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2015-06-23
Golden Aging written by Maurizio Bussolo and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-06-23 with Business & Economics categories.
Compared to other regions, Europe and Central Asia are by far the oldest. Moreover, population aging is set to accelerate further over the coming decades as large segments turn old. Additionally, some countries such as Russia and certain Eastern European countries are facing a shrinkage of their population. Against this backdrop, this report investigates what stands in the way of societies reaping the full benefits of increased longevity—that is, longer lives and potentially prolonged payoffs from human capital—and what can help to mitigate the possible negative impacts of a smaller and older workforce. Beginning with a focus on demographic trends, the report puts the rapid decline in fertility and contrasting migration trends in the region in a historical perspective and looks forward to the varying paths that population change may follow in the region. Next, it examines the evidence on the likely impact of demographic change on growth and savings, the labor force, firm and economy-wide innovation, poverty and inequality, and intergenerational solidarity. Finally, the report goes beyond diagnostics and puts an emphasis on what we know regarding successful policy interventions, presenting evidence on what has and has not worked in the past.
A Health Sector Strategy For The Europe And Central Asia Region
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Author : Verdon S. Staines
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 1999-01-01
A Health Sector Strategy For The Europe And Central Asia Region written by Verdon S. Staines and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-01-01 with Medical categories.
The health systems inherited by transition countries of Europe and Central Asia (ECA) are changing in response to fundamental and unprecedented challenges. Although the desired shape of future health systems in many ECA countries is discernible, the process for getting there must be invented along the way. 'A Health Sector Strategy for the Europe and Central Asia Region' reviews substantive issues facing health policymakers in ECA. It summarizes the World Bank's experience so far in this arena and the lessons it suggests. Furthermore, it outlines both an external strategy by which the Bank's ECA health staff could assist countries to restructure their health systems and an internal strategy by which the staff could organize their own activities to achieve this result. The publication offers those outside the Bank a basis for professional dialogue to foster constructive change in the Bank's approaches.