A Survey Of Nordic Packaging Data Collection Methods
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A Survey Of Nordic Packaging Data Collection Methods
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Author : Jan Jakobsen
language : en
Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers
Release Date : 2003
A Survey Of Nordic Packaging Data Collection Methods written by Jan Jakobsen and has been published by Nordic Council of Ministers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Packaging categories.
Effectiveness Of Packaging Waste Management Systems In Selected Countries
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Author : European Environment Agency
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
Effectiveness Of Packaging Waste Management Systems In Selected Countries written by European Environment Agency and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Nature categories.
Packaging waste is an important and growing waste stream. The amended Packaging and Packaging Waste Directive has recently been adopted, and work is underway to develop EU thematic strategies on waste prevention and recycling and on the sustainable use and management of natural resources. The Packaging and Packaging Waste Directive (hereafter: packaging directive) is one of the few environmentally-related directives to contain directly measurable, quantitative targets. It has now been in place for ten years and this is an opportune time to take stock of this important policy area. The EEA has conducted a pilot study of the effectiveness of packaging waste management systems in five EU Member States with the aim of gaining practical and concrete experience of ex-post policy effectiveness evaluation, and to track progress in this policy area.
The Nordic Region Leading In Green Growth
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Author : Nordiske Statsministres Arbejdsgruppe for Grøn Vækst
language : en
Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers
Release Date : 2014-07-04
The Nordic Region Leading In Green Growth written by Nordiske Statsministres Arbejdsgruppe for Grøn Vækst and has been published by Nordic Council of Ministers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-07-04 with categories.
In November 2011, the Nordic Prime Ministers commissioned the Nordic Council of Ministers to launch a new cross sectoral initiative for green growth. The Prime Ministers’ commission was based on the report, The Nordic Region – leading in green growth, prepared by a Nordic working group for green growth. The Nordic countries should together utilise their position in terms of energy efficiency, development of sustainable energy, environmental awareness, innovation and research initiatives, and high international goals in the environmental and climate area. The aim is to work in areas in which the Nordic countries can build on and develop existing positions of strength, improve co-ordination between the Nordic countries, and take the lead in relation to the development in the European Union (EU). The Councils of Ministers are making tangible the working group’s eight recommendations for project activities, which have been granted a total of DKK 45 million in the period 2012–2014. This status report presents the most important advances in each project. More information on the initiative is also available on the home page of the Council of Ministers, www.norden.org/greengrowth.
Pvc Waste Treatment In The Nordic Countries
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Author : Anna Fråne
language : en
Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers
Release Date : 2019-02-18
Pvc Waste Treatment In The Nordic Countries written by Anna Fråne and has been published by Nordic Council of Ministers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-18 with Political Science categories.
The aim of the project was to map PVC waste streams in Denmark, Sweden, Norway and Finland. The available estimates are made occasionally, mostly within the frames of different projects and are not based on any formalized official reporting system or other rigorous accounting scheme. Overall, a large part of PVC waste ends up in mixed waste fractions and is eventually treated in waste-to-energy plants. Landfilling of PVC waste is banned in two countries, but some exceptions exist. Norway is the only country that treats some PVC waste as hazardous waste. The current waste treatment situation in the four Nordic countries is driven by several factors, such as diverse origins of PVC products, some specifics of the Nordic market, rather low focus on PVC waste in policy strategies or plans, technical issues regarding incineration of PVC waste, and the lack of domestic recycling.
Economic Policy Instruments For Plastic Waste
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Author : Magnus Hennlock
language : en
Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers
Release Date : 2015-03-18
Economic Policy Instruments For Plastic Waste written by Magnus Hennlock and has been published by Nordic Council of Ministers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-03-18 with categories.
Achieving a high quality of waste plastic materials and recycling processes is a key challenge in closing the resource loops for plastics. This report reviews the status and trends for plastic waste flows and treatment in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden. Furthermore, it gives an overview of existing policy instruments and the main challenges for designing policy instruments for improved recycling of plastic waste in these Nordic countries. The report identifies potential market failures associated with closing the resource loops for plastics. It reviews the economics research literature on policy instrument design for achieving optimal recycling rates and makes policy recommendations from the Nordic perspective. Finally, it presents results from a survey on market conditions to managers in the recycling and plastic manufacturing industry in Sweden.
Measuring Waste Prevention And Reuse Digital Opportunities Using The Digitalisation Of Society To Inform Policy
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Author : McKinnon, David
language : en
Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers
Release Date : 2022-06-15
Measuring Waste Prevention And Reuse Digital Opportunities Using The Digitalisation Of Society To Inform Policy written by McKinnon, David and has been published by Nordic Council of Ministers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-06-15 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Available online: https://pub.norden.org/temanord2022-536/ The data generated in our digital society can be harnessed to generate policy-relevant indicators on waste prevention and reuse, and be used to fill in the gaps left by official data and statistics. This project elaborates where the greatest potentials lie for improving the monitoring of waste prevention and reuse, and presents a roadmap for improving the monitoring of waste prevention in the Nordic countries. This is based mapiping the EU reporting demands for waste prevention and reuse and the methods currently employed in the Nordic countries to measure waste prevention and reuse, as well as an investigation of the methods used in other European countries together with a suite of case studies of novel methods for measuring waste prevention and reuse.
Nordic Dietary Surveys
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Author : Sisse Fagt
language : en
Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers
Release Date : 2012-09-13
Nordic Dietary Surveys written by Sisse Fagt and has been published by Nordic Council of Ministers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-09-13 with Medical categories.
National dietary surveys have been completed in all five Nordic countries for purposes of nutritional assessment. The NORDIRA project started in 2009 with objectives of sharing experiences within collection of food consumption data and applications of it in food-based risk assessment. The NORDIRA-group consisted of experts working within dietary surveys as well within risk assessment. The project collected results and methodological aspects of national dietary surveys, the presentations of food consumption figures and data calculation processes of risk assessment. This TemaNord report is a summary of the presentations and experiences shared during the three year period of the NORDIRA project. The group emphasizes a flexible food aggregation system in reporting food consumption to enable different kind of matching of data from food consumption and occurence of chemical substances
Monitoring Food Waste And Loss In The Nordic Region Definitions Methods And Measures For Prevention
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Author : Hanssen, Ole Jørgen
language : en
Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers
Release Date : 2021-03-26
Monitoring Food Waste And Loss In The Nordic Region Definitions Methods And Measures For Prevention written by Hanssen, Ole Jørgen and has been published by Nordic Council of Ministers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-03-26 with Science categories.
Available online: https://pub.norden.org/temanord2021-504/ The background for the project is that EU Commission has introduced new regulations and policies for food waste prevention and monitoring. Sweden and Denmark link their reporting closely to the waste framework directive while Finland and Norway base their most data collection on voluntary reporting. Norway and Finland report on a detailed level and estimate impact like costs and GHG-emissions. All Nordic countries have necessary detail in data that are measured to fulfil the requirements set by the purpose of food waste monitoring program. Halving food waste by 2030 calls for radical changes in the food chain. These radical changes require four dimensions: technology push, societal pull, market pull, and regulatory push. Based on these four dimensions, we have classified measures to reduce food waste into four topics: Policy instruments, changing social norms, nudging and changing practices, and intelligent technology and new products & business models.
Marketing Strategies Of The Horticultural Production Chain
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Author : Marco A. Palma
language : en
Publisher: MDPI
Release Date : 2021-03-19
Marketing Strategies Of The Horticultural Production Chain written by Marco A. Palma and has been published by MDPI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-03-19 with Business & Economics categories.
This book consists of a series of articles that present novel trends in horticulture marketing and some of the key supply chain management issues for the horticulture industry across a wide range of geographical regions.
Reliability Of Microtechnology
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Author : Johan Liu
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2011-02-07
Reliability Of Microtechnology written by Johan Liu and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-02-07 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Reliability of Microtechnology discusses the reliability of microtechnology products from the bottom up, beginning with devices and extending to systems. The book's focus includes but is not limited to reliability issues of interconnects, the methodology of reliability concepts and general failure mechanisms. Specific failure modes in solder and conductive adhesives are discussed at great length. Coverage of accelerated testing, component and system level reliability, and reliability design for manufacturability are also described in detail. The book also includes exercises and detailed solutions at the end of each chapter.