Abstraction In Experimental Design
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Abstraction In Experimental Design
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Author : Ryan Brutger
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2022-10-27
Abstraction In Experimental Design written by Ryan Brutger and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-10-27 with Political Science categories.
Political scientists designing experiments often face the question of how abstract or detailed their experimental stimuli should be. Typically, this question is framed in terms of tradeoffs relating to experimental control and generalizability: the more context introduced into studies, the less control, and the more difficulty generalizing the results. Yet, we have reason to question this tradeoff, and there is relatively little systematic evidence to rely on when calibrating the degree of abstraction in studies. We make two contributions. First, we provide a theoretical framework which identifies and considers the consequences of three dimensions of abstraction in experimental design: situational hypotheticality, actor identity, and contextual detail. Second, we field a range of survey experiments, varying these levels of abstraction. We find that situational hypotheticality does not substantively change experimental results, but increased contextual detail dampens treatment effects and the salience of actor identities moderates results in specific situations.
Abstraction As An Open Experiment
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Author : Mari Laanemets
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Abstraction As An Open Experiment written by Mari Laanemets and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with Art, Abstract categories.
Abstraction In Artificial Intelligence And Complex Systems
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Author : Lorenza Saitta
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2013-05-20
Abstraction In Artificial Intelligence And Complex Systems written by Lorenza Saitta and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-05-20 with Computers categories.
Abstraction is a fundamental mechanism underlying both human and artificial perception, representation of knowledge, reasoning and learning. This mechanism plays a crucial role in many disciplines, notably Computer Programming, Natural and Artificial Vision, Complex Systems, Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning, Art, and Cognitive Sciences. This book first provides the reader with an overview of the notions of abstraction proposed in various disciplines by comparing both commonalities and differences. After discussing the characterizing properties of abstraction, a formal model, the KRA model, is presented to capture them. This model makes the notion of abstraction easily applicable by means of the introduction of a set of abstraction operators and abstraction patterns, reusable across different domains and applications. It is the impact of abstraction in Artificial Intelligence, Complex Systems and Machine Learning which creates the core of the book. A general framework, based on the KRA model, is presented, and its pragmatic power is illustrated with three case studies: Model-based diagnosis, Cartographic Generalization, and learning Hierarchical Hidden Markov Models.
The Routledge Companion To Design Research
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Author : Paul A. Rodgers
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2014-10-17
The Routledge Companion To Design Research written by Paul A. Rodgers and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-10-17 with Design categories.
The Routledge Companion to Design Research offers a comprehensive examination of design research, celebrating the plurality of design research and the wide range of conceptual, methodological, technological and theoretical approaches evident in contemporary design research. This volume comprises 39 original and high quality design research chapters from contributors around the world, with offerings from the vast array of disciplines in and around modern design praxis, including areas such as industrial and product design, visual communication, interaction design, fashion design, service design, engineering and architecture. The Companion is divided into five distinct sections with chapters that examine the nature and process of design research, the purpose of design research, and how one might embark on design research. They also explore how leading design researchers conduct their design research through formulating and asking questions in novel ways, and the creative methods and tools they use to collect and analyse data. The Companion also includes a number of case studies that illustrate how one might best communicate and disseminate design research through contributions that offer techniques for writing and publicising research. The Routledge Companion to Design Research will have wide appeal to researchers and educators in design and design-related disciplines such as engineering, business, marketing, computing, and will make an invaluable contribution to state-of-the-art design research at postgraduate, doctoral, and post-doctoral levels and teaching across a wide range of different disciplines.
Proceedings Of The Twenty First Annual Conference Of The Cognitive Science Society
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Author : Martin Hahn
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2020-12-22
Proceedings Of The Twenty First Annual Conference Of The Cognitive Science Society written by Martin Hahn and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-12-22 with Psychology categories.
This book presents the complete collection of peer-reviewed presentations at the 1999 Cognitive Science Society meeting, including papers, poster abstracts, and descriptions of conference symposia. For students and researchers in all areas of cognitive science.
Experimental Design Research
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Author : Philip Cash
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-05-17
Experimental Design Research written by Philip Cash and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-05-17 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book presents a new, multidisciplinary perspective on and paradigm for integrative experimental design research. It addresses various perspectives on methods, analysis and overall research approach, and how they can be synthesized to advance understanding of design. It explores the foundations of experimental approaches and their utility in this domain, and brings together analytical approaches to promote an integrated understanding. The book also investigates where these approaches lead to and how they link design research more fully with other disciplines (e.g. psychology, cognition, sociology, computer science, management). Above all, the book emphasizes the integrative nature of design research in terms of the methods, theories, and units of study—from the individual to the organizational level. Although this approach offers many advantages, it has inherently led to a situation in current research practice where methods are diverging and integration between individual, team and organizational understanding is becoming increasingly tenuous, calling for a multidisciplinary and transdiscipinary perspective. Experimental design research thus offers a powerful tool and platform for resolving these challenges. Providing an invaluable resource for the design research community, this book paves the way for the next generation of researchers in the field by bridging methods and methodology. As such, it will especially benefit postgraduate students and researchers in design research, as well as engineering designers.
Statistics In Corpus Linguistics Research
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Author : Sean Wallis
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2020-11-22
Statistics In Corpus Linguistics Research written by Sean Wallis and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-11-22 with Computers categories.
Traditional approaches focused on significance tests have often been difficult for linguistics researchers to visualise. Statistics in Corpus Linguistics Research: A New Approach breaks these significance tests down for researchers in corpus linguistics and linguistic analysis, promoting a visual approach to understanding the performance of tests with real data, and demonstrating how to derive new intervals and tests. Accessibly written, this book discusses the ‘why’ behind the statistical model, allowing readers a greater facility for choosing their own methodologies. Accessibly written for those with little to no mathematical or statistical background, it explains the mathematical fundamentals of simple significance tests by relating them to confidence intervals. With sample datasets and easy-to-read visuals, this book focuses on practical issues, such as how to: • pose research questions in terms of choice and constraint; • employ confidence intervals correctly (including in graph plots); • select optimal significance tests (and what results mean); • measure the size of the effect of one variable on another; • estimate the similarity of distribution patterns; and • evaluate whether the results of two experiments significantly differ. Appropriate for anyone from the student just beginning their career to the seasoned researcher, this book is both a practical overview and valuable resource.
Research Design And Method In Architecture 2025
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Author : Halil Sencer ERKMAN
language : en
Publisher: Livre de Lyon
Release Date : 2025-03-23
Research Design And Method In Architecture 2025 written by Halil Sencer ERKMAN and has been published by Livre de Lyon this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-03-23 with Architecture categories.
Quality Control
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Author : Austin Ray Hart
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2023-08-31
Quality Control written by Austin Ray Hart and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-08-31 with Political Science categories.
Conventional models of voting behavior depict individuals who judge governments for how the world unfolds during their time in office. This phenomenon of retrospective voting requires that individuals integrate and appraise streams of performance information over time. Yet past experimental studies short-circuit this 'integration-appraisal' process. In this Element, we develop a new framework for studying retrospective voting and present eleven experiments building on that framework. Notably, when we allow integration and appraisal to unfold freely, we find little support for models of 'blind retrospection.' Although we observe clear recency bias, we find respondents who are quick to appraise and who make reasonable use of information cues. Critically, they regularly employ benchmarking strategies to manage complex, variable, and even confounded streams of performance information. The results highlight the importance of centering the integration-appraisal challenge in both theoretical models and experimental designs and begin to uncover the cognitive foundations of retrospective voting.
Biomimetic Design Method For Innovation And Sustainability
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Author : Yael Helfman Cohen
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-07-01
Biomimetic Design Method For Innovation And Sustainability written by Yael Helfman Cohen and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-07-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Presenting a novel biomimetic design method for transferring design solutions from nature to technology, this book focuses on structure-function patterns in nature and advanced modeling tools derived from TRIZ, the theory of inventive problem-solving. The book includes an extensive literature review on biomimicry as an engine of both innovation and sustainability, and discusses in detail the biomimetic design process, current biomimetic design methods and tools. The structural biomimetic design method for innovation and sustainability put forward in this text encompasses (1) the research method and rationale used to develop and validate this new design method; (2) the suggested design algorithm and tools including the Find structure database, structure-function patterns and ideality patterns; and (3) analyses of four case studies describing how to use the proposed method. This book offers an essential resource for designers who wish to use nature as a source of inspiration and knowledge, innovators and sustainability experts, and scientists and researchers, amongst others.