Accounting For Disparity

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Accounting For Disparity

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Author : Melanie Seama O'Gorman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007

Accounting For Disparity written by Melanie Seama O'Gorman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with categories.

This thesis consists of three essays which focus on accounting for the sources of economic inequality in various contexts. The first two essays focus on disparity of agricultural labour productivity across the developing countries, while the third analyzes racial earnings inequality. The main goal of these essays is to shed light on some of the mechanisms which have generated these types of inequality, in order to better design policies for ameliorating them. The first essay is empirical, while the second and third essays construct general equilibrium models so as to quantitatively assess the importance of proposed sources of inequality. The first essay finds that a large proportion of the variation of the level and growth of agricultural labour productivity across a sample of developing countries can be explained by variation in input use across countries. I demonstrate that our understanding of disparity of labour productivity in developing country agriculture can be significantly improved by accounting for variation in the adoption of high-yielding seed varieties and for correlation between input use and technological change across countries. The second essay analyzes the factors which have contributed to agricultural stagnation in Sub-Saharan Africa, despite productivity improvements in agriculture in other developing regions. I construct a quantitative model which can match average Sub-Saharan African trends of agricultural labour productivity, crop yields and input use from 1965 to 2000. The model points to key factors which have constrained agricultural productivity growth over this period, and to the need for diverse yet concerted policies to arrest this stagnation. The third essay presents a quantitative model which sheds light on racial earnings inequality in the U.S., South Africa and Brazil. This model indicates that a large proportion of the racial wage gap in these three countries can be attributed to differential human capital accumulation by race. Most notably, distortions created by the explicit, racially-biased education system which existed in South Africa during Apartheid can explain roughly three quarters of the racial wage gap in South Africa in the early 1990's.

Disparities In The Academy

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Author : Veronica P.S. Njie-Carr
language : en
Publisher: Dorrance Publishing
Release Date : 2020-02-14

Disparities In The Academy written by Veronica P.S. Njie-Carr and has been published by Dorrance Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-02-14 with Education categories.

Disparities in the Academy : Accounting for the Elephant By: Veronica P.S. Njie-Carr, Yolanda Flores Niemann, & Phyllis W. Sharps The experientially-based narratives in Disparities in the Academy: Accounting for the Elephant center on the importance of addressing inequities associated with sexism, racism, and their intersectionalities, which blatantly thrive in academia today. The authors’ recommended actions will facilitate the success and quality of professional and personal lives of members of historically underrepresented racial/ethnic faculty, staff, and students in academic settings, especially in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields. In particular, Disparities in the Academy: Accounting for the Elephant focuses on nursing faculty and students whose racial/ethnic groups are least represented in their respective academic fields. Disparities in the Academy: Accounting for the Elephant transcends today’s rhetoric on the need for “diversity” in colleges and universities that typically relies on increasing representation of demographic differences in the workplace. As the authors in this book bravely make clear, increasing numbers is but a first step to addressing negative educational contexts rife with implicit biases, disrespect, in-group favoritism, bullying, poor mentoring, and devaluation of intellectual contributions, minimization of intellectual capacity, tokenism, cronyism, and cultural taxation. True inclusion is about being heard, respected, valued, and included, with equitable access and opportunity. Toward that end, meaningful inclusion necessitates structural changes in policies and processes that maintain the inequitable status quo. Disparities in the Academy: Accounting for the Elephant is an inspirational call to make visible the disparities, while providing recommendations and best practice models that will produce social change and equity in the academic world.

Accounting For Cross Country Income Disparity

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Author : Byeongju Jeong
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006

Accounting For Cross Country Income Disparity written by Byeongju Jeong and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with categories.

Wage Disparity In The Accounting Profession And Information Quality

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Author : Russell Williamson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019

Wage Disparity In The Accounting Profession And Information Quality written by Russell Williamson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.

Accounting For Growth Disparity

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Author : Kei Hosoya
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017

Accounting For Growth Disparity written by Kei Hosoya and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.

This paper proposes a theoretical method to account for historical episodes of growth disparity. A numerical computation shows that the properties of the local dynamics of the proposed model are consistent with the facts indicated by selected episodes.

Beyond Oaxaca Blinder

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Author : François Bourguignon
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2002

Beyond Oaxaca Blinder written by François Bourguignon and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Absolute Poverty categories.

Abstract: Bourguignon, Ferreira, and Leite develop a microeconometric method to account for differences across distributions of household income. Going beyond the determination of earnings in labor markets, they also estimate statistical models for occupational choice and for conditional distributions of education, fertility, and nonlabor incomes. The authors import combinations of estimated parameters from these models to simulate counterfactual income distributions. This allows them to decompose differences between functionals of two income distributions (such as inequality or poverty measures) into shares because of differences in the structure of labor market returns (price effects), differences in the occupational structure, and differences in the underlying distribution of assets (endowment effects). The authors apply the method to the differences between the Brazilian income distribution and those of Mexico and the United States, and find that most of Brazil's excess income inequality is due to underlying inequalities in the distribution of two key endowments: access to education and to sources of nonlabor income, mainly pensions. This paper is a product of the Research Advisory Staff. The authors may be contacted at fbourguignon@@worldbank.org, fferreira@@econ.puc-rio.br or phil@@econ.puc-rio.br.

Accounting For Earnings Inequality In A Diverse Work Force

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Author : Mark E. Schweitzer
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993

Accounting For Earnings Inequality In A Diverse Work Force written by Mark E. Schweitzer and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with categories.

Accounting For Inequality Aversion Can Justify The 2 C Goal

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Author : Marco Rogna
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021

Accounting For Inequality Aversion Can Justify The 2 C Goal written by Marco Rogna and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with categories.

Accounting For Inequality In India

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Author : J. Salcedo Cain
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008

Accounting For Inequality In India written by J. Salcedo Cain and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Cost and standard of living categories.

Accounting For Mexican Income Inequality During The 1990s

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Author : Rafael E. De Hoyos
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2007

Accounting For Mexican Income Inequality During The 1990s written by Rafael E. De Hoyos and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Equality categories.

The author implements several inequality decomposition methods to measure the extent to which total household income disparities can be attributable to sectoral asymmetries and differences in skill endowments. The results show that at least half of total household inequality in Mexico is attributable to incomes derived from entrepreneurial activities, an income source rarely scrutinized in the inequality literature. He shows that education (skills) endowments are unevenly distributed among the Mexican population, with positive shifts in the market returns to schooling associated with increases in inequality. Asymmetries in the allocation of education explain around 20 percent of overall household income disparities in Mexico during the 1990s. Moreover, the proportion of inequality attributable to education endowments increases during stable periods and reduces during the crisis. This pattern is explained by shifts in returns to schooling rather than changes in the distribution of skills. Applying the same techniques to decompose within-sector income differences, the author finds that skill endowments can account for as much as 25 percent of earnings disparities but as little as 5 percent of dispersion in other income sources.