Adaptive Genetic Variation In The Wild
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Adaptive Genetic Variation In The Wild
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Author : Timothy A. Mousseau
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2000-01-13
Adaptive Genetic Variation In The Wild written by Timothy A. Mousseau and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-01-13 with Nature categories.
Patterns of adaptation in the past and the genetic basis of traits likely to be under selection in the dynamically changing environment are also discussed in relation to these responses.".
Ecological Traits And Genetic Variation In Amazonian Populations Of The Neotropical Millipede Poratia Obliterata Kraus 1960 Diplopoda Pyrgodesmidae Brazil
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Author : Natalie G. R. Bergholz
language : en
Publisher: Pensoft Publishers
Release Date : 2007
Ecological Traits And Genetic Variation In Amazonian Populations Of The Neotropical Millipede Poratia Obliterata Kraus 1960 Diplopoda Pyrgodesmidae Brazil written by Natalie G. R. Bergholz and has been published by Pensoft Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Science categories.
The periodic flood pulse of the Amazon River has been the main controlling factor in the local ecosystems for at least two million years. Numerous adaptations, in some cases along with speciation, have evolved in local terrestrial invertebrates. The small millipede Poratia obliterata (Kraus, 1960), which probably originates from the Andes, is currently known from a remarkably broad range of Central Amazonian biotopes, i.e. various seasonal inundation forests, upland forest and plantations. Like most native millipedes, P. obliterata appears to escape flooding by tree ascents. Such developed survival strategies adaptive to annual inundation can either reflect ecological plasticity or implicate ecological speciation, .i.e. 'biotope-specific races' or ecotypes. To assess the causal mode of adaptation, ecological studies with genetic analyses are combined in this work. Comparing the distribution, biotope range, population subdivision and genetic diversity of different millipedes, the species P. obliterata appears to feature a generalist strategy. and widespread species, which seems to cope well with various biotopes and thus successfully invaded seasonal inundation forests. The book is addressed to specialists in evolution, ecological genetics, ecology and conservation of wetlands, millipede research and conservation.
Genetics Of Adaptation
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Author : Rodney Mauricio
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2005-07-20
Genetics Of Adaptation written by Rodney Mauricio and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-07-20 with Science categories.
An enduring controversy in evolutionary biology is the genetic basis of adaptation. Darwin emphasized "many slight differences" as the ultimate source of variation to be acted upon by natural selection. In the early 1900’s, this view was opposed by "Mendelian geneticists", who emphasized the importance of "macromutations" in evolution. The Modern Synthesis resolved this controversy, concluding that mutations in genes of very small effect were responsible for adaptive evolution. A decade ago, Allen Orr and Jerry Coyne reexamined the evidence for this neo-Darwinian view and found that both the theoretical and empirical basis for it were weak. Orr and Coyne encouraged evolutionary biologists to reexamine this neglected question: what is the genetic basis of adaptive evolution? In this volume, a new generation of biologists have taken up this challenge. Using advances in both molecular genetic and statistical techniques, evolutionary geneticists have made considerable progress in this emerging field. In this volume, a diversity of examples from plant and animal studies provides valuable information for those interested in the genetics and evolution of complex traits.
Adaptation And Fitness In Animal Populations
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Author : Julius van der Werf
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2008-10-17
Adaptation And Fitness In Animal Populations written by Julius van der Werf and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-10-17 with Science categories.
Fitness and adaptation are fundamental characteristics of plant and animal species, enabling them to survive in their environment and to adapt to the inevitable changes in this environment. This is true for both the genetic resources of natural ecosystems as well as those used in agricultural production. Extensive genetic variation exists between varieties/breeds in a species and amongst individuals within breeds. This variation has developed over very long periods of time. A major ongoing challenge is how to best utilize this variation to meet short-term demands whilst also conserving it for longer-term possible use. Many animal breeding programs have led to increased performance for production traits but this has often been accompanied by reduced fitness. In addition, the global use of genetic resources prompts the question whether introduced genotypes are adapted to local production systems. Understanding the genetic nature of fitness and adaptation will enable us to better manage genetic resources allowing us to make efficient and sustainable decisions for the improvement or breeding of these resources. This book had an ambitious goal in bringing together a sample of the world’s leading scientists in animal breeding and evolutionary genetics to exchange knowledge to advance our understanding of these vital issues.
Genetic Management Of Fragmented Animal And Plant Populations
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Author : Richard Frankham
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2017-07-04
Genetic Management Of Fragmented Animal And Plant Populations written by Richard Frankham and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-04 with Science categories.
One of the greatest unmet challenges in conservation biology is the genetic management of fragmented populations of threatened animal and plant species. More than a million small, isolated, population fragments of threatened species are likely suffering inbreeding depression and loss of evolutionary potential, resulting in elevated extinction risks. Although these effects can often be reversed by re-establishing gene flow between population fragments, managers very rarely do this. On the contrary, genetic methods are used mainly to document genetic differentiation among populations, with most studies concluding that genetically differentiated populations should be managed separately, thereby isolating them yet further and dooming many to eventual extinction! Many small population fragments are going extinct principally for genetic reasons. Although the rapidly advancing field of molecular genetics is continually providing new tools to measure the extent of population fragmentation and its genetic consequences, adequate guidance on how to use these data for effective conservation is still lacking. This accessible, authoritative text is aimed at senior undergraduate and graduate students interested in conservation biology, conservation genetics, and wildlife management. It will also be of particular relevance to conservation practitioners and natural resource managers, as well as a broader academic audience of conservation biologists and evolutionary ecologists.
Introduction To Conservation Genetics
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Author : Richard Frankham
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2010
Introduction To Conservation Genetics written by Richard Frankham and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Conservation of natural resources categories.
This impressive author team brings the wealth of advances in conservation genetics into the new edition of this introductory text, including new chapters on population genomics and genetic issues in introduced and invasive species. They continue the strong learning features for students - main points in the margin, chapter summaries, vital support with the mathematics, and further reading - and now guide the reader to software and databases. Many new references reflect the expansion of this field. With examples from mammals, birds ...
Analysis Of Genetic Variation In Animals
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Author : Mahmut Caliskan
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2012-02-29
Analysis Of Genetic Variation In Animals written by Mahmut Caliskan and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-02-29 with Medical categories.
Analysis of Genetic Variation in Animals includes chapters revealing the magnitude of genetic variation existing in animal populations. The genetic diversity between and within populations displayed by molecular markers receive extensive interest due to the usefulness of this information in breeding and conservation programs. In this concept molecular markers give valuable information. The increasing availability of PCR-based molecular markers allows the detailed analyses and evaluation of genetic diversity in animals and also, the detection of genes influencing economically important traits. The purpose of the book is to provide a glimpse into the dynamic process of genetic variation in animals by presenting the thoughts of scientists who are engaged in the generation of new idea and techniques employed for the assessment of genetic diversity, often from very different perspectives. The book should prove useful to students, researchers, and experts in the area of conservation biology, genetic diversity, and molecular biology.
Gene Regulation As A Driver Of Adaptation And Speciation
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Author : Ekaterina Shelest
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-01-06
Gene Regulation As A Driver Of Adaptation And Speciation written by Ekaterina Shelest and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-01-06 with Science categories.
Proceedings Of The 11th International Symposium On Insect Plant Relationships
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Author : Jens Kvist Nielsen
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-06-29
Proceedings Of The 11th International Symposium On Insect Plant Relationships written by Jens Kvist Nielsen and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-29 with Science categories.
The 11th International Symposium on Insect-Plant Relationships (SIP11), held on August 4-10, 2001, in Helsingør, Denmark, followed the tradition of previous SIP meetings and covered topics of different levels from chemistry, physiology, and ethology to ecology, genetics, and evolution of insect-plant relationships. The present volume includes a representative selection of fully refereed papers as well as a complete list of all the contributions which were presented at the meeting. Reviews of selected topics as well as original experimental data are included. The book provides valuable information for students and research workers interested in chemical and biological aspects of interactions between individuals and populations of different organisms.
The Atlantic Salmon
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Author : Eric Verspoor
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2008-04-15
The Atlantic Salmon written by Eric Verspoor and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-04-15 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Atlantic Salmon is a cultural icon throughout its North Atlantic range; it is the focus of probably the World’s highest profile recreational fishery and is the basis for one of the World’s largest aquaculture industries. Despite this, many wild stocks of salmon are in decline and underpinning this is a dearth of information on the nature and extent of population structuring and adaptive population differentiation, and its implications for species conservation. This important new book will go a long way to rectify this situation by providing a thorough review of the genetics of Atlantic salmon. Sponsored by the European Union and the Atlantic Salmon Trust, this book comprises the work of an international team of scientists, carefully integrated and edited to provide a landmark book of vital interest to all those working with Atlantic salmon.