Adaptive Oncogenesis
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Adaptive Oncogenesis
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Author : James DeGregori DeGregori
language : en
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Release Date : 2018-03-09
Adaptive Oncogenesis written by James DeGregori DeGregori and has been published by Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-03-09 with Science categories.
Popular understanding holds that genetic changes create cancer. James DeGregori uses evolutionary principles to propose a new way of thinking about cancer’s occurrence. Cancer is as much a disease of evolution as it is of mutation, one in which mutated cells outcompete healthy cells in the ecosystem of the body’s tissues. His theory ties cancer’s progression, or lack thereof, to evolved strategies to maximize reproductive success. Through natural selection, humans evolved genetic programs to maintain bodily health for as long as necessary to increase the odds of passing on our genes—but not much longer. These mechanisms engender a tissue environment that favors normal stem cells over precancerous ones. Healthy tissues thwart cancer cells’ ability to outcompete their precancerous rivals. But as our tissues age or accumulate damage from exposures such as smoking, normal stem cells find themselves less optimized to their ecosystem. Cancer-causing mutations can now help cells adapt to these altered tissue environments, and thus outcompete normal cells. Just as changes in a species’ habitat favor the evolution of new species, changes in tissue environments favor the growth of cancerous cells. DeGregori’s perspective goes far in explaining who gets cancer, when it appears, and why. While we cannot avoid mutations, it may be possible to sustain our tissues’ natural and effective system of defense, even in the face of aging or harmful exposures. For those interested in learning how cancers arise within the human body, the insights in Adaptive Oncogenesis offer a compelling perspective.
Adaptive Oncogenesis
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Author : James DeGregori
language : en
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Release Date : 2018-03-09
Adaptive Oncogenesis written by James DeGregori and has been published by Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-03-09 with Science categories.
Popular understanding holds that genetic changes create cancer. James DeGregori uses evolutionary principles to propose a new way of thinking about cancerÕs occurrence. Cancer is as much a disease of evolution as it is of mutation, one in which mutated cells outcompete healthy cells in the ecosystem of the bodyÕs tissues. His theory ties cancerÕs progression, or lack thereof, to evolved strategies to maximize reproductive success. Through natural selection, humans evolved genetic programs to maintain bodily health for as long as necessary to increase the odds of passing on our genesÑbut not much longer. These mechanisms engender a tissue environment that favors normal stem cells over precancerous ones. Healthy tissues thwart cancer cellsÕ ability to outcompete their precancerous rivals. But as our tissues age or accumulate damage from exposures such as smoking, normal stem cells find themselves less optimized to their ecosystem. Cancer-causing mutations can now help cells adapt to these altered tissue environments, and thus outcompete normal cells. Just as changes in a speciesÕ habitat favor the evolution of new species, changes in tissue environments favor the growth of cancerous cells. DeGregoriÕs perspective goes far in explaining who gets cancer, when it appears, and why. While we cannot avoid mutations, it may be possible to sustain our tissuesÕ natural and effective system of defense, even in the face of aging or harmful exposures. For those interested in learning how cancers arise within the human body, the insights in Adaptive Oncogenesis offer a compelling perspective.
Mechanisms Of Oncogenesis
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Author : Domenico Coppola
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2010-03-17
Mechanisms Of Oncogenesis written by Domenico Coppola and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-03-17 with Medical categories.
This book offers a comprehensive update on mechanisms of tumorigenesis. The first portion discusses pediatric cancer, the influence of environmental factors and oncogene activity in tumorigenesis; the second portion is structured by organ site for easy access.
The Oxford Handbook Of Evolutionary Medicine
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Author : Martin Brüne
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2019-01-31
The Oxford Handbook Of Evolutionary Medicine written by Martin Brüne and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-31 with Medical categories.
Medicine is grounded in the natural sciences, among which biology stands out with regard to the understanding of human physiology and conditions that cause dysfunction. Ironically though, evolutionary biology is a relatively disregarded field. One reason for this omission is that evolution is deemed a slow process. Indeed, macroanatomical features of our species have changed very little in the last 300,000 years. A more detailed look, however, reveals that novel ecological contingencies, partly in relation to cultural evolution, have brought about subtle changes pertaining to metabolism and immunology, including adaptations to dietary innovations, as well as adaptations to the exposure to novel pathogens. Rapid pathogen evolution and evolution of cancer cells cause major problems for the immune system to find adequate responses. In addition, many adaptations to past ecologies have turned into risk factors for somatic disease and psychological disorder in our modern worlds (i.e. mismatch), among which epidemics of autoimmune diseases, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and obesity, as well as several forms of cancer stand out. In addition, depression, anxiety and other psychiatric conditions add to the list. The Oxford Handbook of Evolutionary Medicine is a compilation of cutting edge insights into the evolutionary history of ourselves as a species, and how and why our evolved design may convey vulnerability to disease. Written in a classic textbook style emphasising physiology and pathophysiology of all major organ systems, the Oxford Handbook of Evolutionary Medicine will be valuable for students as well as scholars in the fields of medicine, biology, anthropology and psychology.
Advances In Stem Cell Aging
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Author : K.L. Rudolph
language : en
Publisher: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
Release Date : 2012-09-27
Advances In Stem Cell Aging written by K.L. Rudolph and has been published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-09-27 with Medical categories.
Adult stem cells are present in most postnatal tissues of mammals. Tissues with high rates of cell turnover depend on the functional capacity of stem cells for lifelong maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Adult stem cells are also required for the regeneration of tissues in response to injury as in, for example, the regeneration of skeletal muscle. In addition to its function in tissue homeostasis and regeneration, adult stem cells can represent the cell type of origin of various types of cancers including leukemia and colorectal cancer. Stem cells are the most long-lived cells in the proliferative compartment of mammalian tissues. Therefore, stem cells have an increased risk of acquiring mutations that could ultimately lead to the transformation of tissue stem cells.This publication presents the current knowledge in the field of stem cell aging, which was discussed at the Else Kröner-Fresenius Symposium on Advances in Stem Cell Aging in 2011. It will be of special interest to scientists working on stem cell research, aging, regeneration, and cancer as well as physicians and scientists specializing in geriatric medicine, internal medicine, and surgery.
Darwin S Reach
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Author : Norman A. Johnson
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2021-12-27
Darwin S Reach written by Norman A. Johnson and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-12-27 with Science categories.
The application of evolutionary biology addresses a wide range of practical problems in medicine, agriculture, the environment, and society. Such cutting-edge applications are emerging due to recent advances in DNA sequencing, new gene editing tools, and computational methods. This book is about applied evolution – the application of the principles of and information about evolutionary biology to diverse practical matters. Although applied evolution has existed, unrecognized, for a very long time, today’s version has a much wider scope. Evolutionary medicine has formed into its own discipline. Evolutionary approaches have long been employed in agriculture and in conservation biology. But Darwin’s reach now extends beyond just these three fields. It now also includes forensic biology and the law. Ideas from evolutionary biology can be used to inform policy regarding foreign affairs and national security. Applied evolution is not only interdisciplinary, but also multidisciplinary. Consequently, this book is for experts in one field who are interested in expanding their evolutionary horizons. It is also for students, at the undergraduate and graduate levels. One of the public relations challenges faced by evolutionary biology is that most people do not see it being all that relevant to their daily lives. Even many who accept evolution do not grasp how far Darwin’s reach extends. This book will change that perception. Key Features Emphasizes the expanding role evolutionary biology has in today’s world. Includes examples from medicine, law, agriculture, conservation, and even national security Summarizes new technologies and computational methods that originated as innovations based in part or whole on evolutionary theory. Current. Has extensive coverage of the COVID-19 pandemic and other recent topics. Documents the important role evolution plays in everyday life. Illustrates the broadly interdisciplinary nature of evolutionary theory. Resources The applications of evolutionary biology are far too numerous to include in just one book. Plus, new scientific findings emerge almost every day underscoring the central role evolution plays in our lives. The author has established a blog site to highlight these fascinating discoveries. Please visit https://darwinsreach.blog to be inspired by “... endless forms most beautiful and most wonderful [that] have been, and are being evolved.” (the last line of Charles Darwin’s The Origin of Species).
Stem Cell Aging Mechanisms Consequences Rejuvenation
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Author : Hartmut Geiger
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-07-06
Stem Cell Aging Mechanisms Consequences Rejuvenation written by Hartmut Geiger and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-07-06 with Science categories.
Aging of somatic stem cells reduces cell function and results in dysfunctional organs and tissues, making it an underlying cause of diseases associated with aging. It might even be the primary cause for age-associated attrition of tissue function in organs that heavily rely on stem cells for maintaining homeostasis, like the skin, blood and intestines. Understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved is critical for developing approaches to attenuate stem cell aging and could pave the way for improved quality of life among the elderly. Written by highly prominent experts in the field, this book presents the current state of knowledge on these mechanisms. It offers insights into stem cell function, explains in detail the mechanisms of stem cell aging in model organisms as well as mammalian systems and describes related diseases and approaches to attenuating stem cell aging or achieving rejuvenation. The book is intended for all scientists and clinicians working with stem cells, aging mechanisms or age-related diseases.
Women In Cancer Metabolism 2021 2022
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Author : Tuuli Käämbre
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2023-01-02
Women In Cancer Metabolism 2021 2022 written by Tuuli Käämbre and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-01-02 with Medical categories.
True Age
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Author : Morgan Elyse Levine
language : en
Publisher: Hachette UK
Release Date : 2022-05-03
True Age written by Morgan Elyse Levine and has been published by Hachette UK this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-05-03 with Psychology categories.
Research suggests that only 10-30% of our lifespan is determined by our genetics. This means that the vast majority of how we age is directly related to choices we make everyday - how and what we eat, exercise and sleep quality, to name a few. So, while ageing itself may be inevitable, what if there were a way to measure our biological age? And what if there were strategies to slow down, or even reverse, the ageing process? In True Age, Dr Morgan Levine gives us an insight into the cutting-edge developments in the science of aging and longevity and teaches us that through understanding our biological age, we can monitor and even control the process of ageing. True Age explores: - The concept of biological age and the methods now available to determine your own. - Types of foods likely to decrease our biological age - and which will age you prematurely. - What types of exercise are most effective for turning back the clock. - How much sleep we need and what other lifestyle patterns are most likely to help slow and reverse ageing. True Age will equip you with the tools you need to develop personal regimes, diets and routines specifically tailored to keep you looking - and feeling - as young as possible. Using her years of expert research in the field, Dr Levine will put you on the path to living a healthier and more proactive life.
Molecular Mechanisms Of Adult Stem Cell Aging
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Author : K.L. Rudolph
language : en
Publisher: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
Release Date : 2010-04-22
Molecular Mechanisms Of Adult Stem Cell Aging written by K.L. Rudolph and has been published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-04-22 with Medical categories.
There is growing evidence that adult stem cells age. This process can result in alterations in the number and function of stem cells, leading to distinct phenotypic outcomes in different organ systems. This publication provides an outstanding overview of this emerging field.The molecular causes of stem cell aging remain to be defined. Stem cell aging can involve cell-intrinsic as well as cell-extrinsic alterations affecting the stem cell niche or the macroenvironment. Stem cells have a longer life span than other cell populations and retain a capacity to proliferate and differentiate in adult organs. The aging of adult stem cells plays a key role in the decline of organ maintenance and regenerative potential during aging and during the end stage of chronic diseases. In addition, it can contribute to stem cell transformation and carcinogenesis.Molecular Mechanisms of Adult Stem Cell Aging will appeal to scientists working in the fields such as stem cells, aging, regeneration and cancer. This subject matter should be of interest to physicians and scientists specializing in geriatric medicine, internal medicine, and surgery. It is also likely to be an invaluable resource for medical students and biologists who wish to enhance their understanding of molecular and stem cell biology.