Advanced Retinal Optical Coherence Tomography Image Analysis In Neuroinflammatory Disorders
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Advanced Retinal Optical Coherence Tomography Image Analysis In Neuroinflammatory Disorders
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Author : Seyedamirhosein Motamedi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Advanced Retinal Optical Coherence Tomography Image Analysis In Neuroinflammatory Disorders written by Seyedamirhosein Motamedi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with categories.
Optical Coherence Tomography In Multiple Sclerosis
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Optical Coherence Tomography In Multiple Sclerosis written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with categories.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease of the central nervous system (CNS) affecting more than two million people worldwide. The disease is characterised by inflammation in the CNS (leading to episodes of focal neurological dysfunction, i.e. relapses) and neurodegeneration (leading to progressive and permanent disability). Depending on the localisation of the CNS damage, patients exhibit a wide range of symptoms including muscle weakness, sensory disturbances, problems with coordination, fatigue and cognitive impairment. Visual symptoms are common as well, with more dan 50% of MS patients experiencing one or more episodes of optic neuritis (ON) during the course of the disease. The disease course in MS is highly variable and difficult to predict. However, predicting the disease course is crucial for determining the proper treatment. This thesis focuses on how optical coherence tomography (OCT) can aid in monitoring and predicting the disease course in patients with MS. OCT is an imaging technique that generates high resolution images of the retina and all its layers. The inner two retinal layers consist of the retinal ganglion cells and their axons that will eventually form the optic nerve. Thereby, these two layers are directly connected to the brain. Previous research has demonstrated that previous episodes of ON result in atrophy (thinning) of these two layers. Sometimes, it can be challenging to establish whether a patient has ever experienced an episode of optic neuritis clinically. The absolute thickness of the retinal layers is not a good indicator for this. Our research shows that the difference in retinal layer thickness between the eyes of a single patient can, with high accuracy, discriminate ON patients from non-ON patients. Being able to establish the presence of a previous episode of ON in this way, might lead to an earlier diagnosis of MS and earlier treatment.
Optical Coherence Tomography In Neurologic Diseases
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Author : Peter A. Calabresi
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2015-05-14
Optical Coherence Tomography In Neurologic Diseases written by Peter A. Calabresi and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-05-14 with Medical categories.
The first comprehensive review of the use of optical coherence tomography in neurological diseases for neurologists, neuro-ophthalmologists, and neuroradiologists.
Scattering Angle Resolved Optical Coherence Tomography For Early Retinal Detection Of Alzheimer S Disease In A Murine Model
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Author : Michael Ryan Gardner
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Scattering Angle Resolved Optical Coherence Tomography For Early Retinal Detection Of Alzheimer S Disease In A Murine Model written by Michael Ryan Gardner and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a debilitating neurodegenerative disease, is becoming more prevalent with an aging population. Early detection of AD is critical to extending healthy lives, but current techniques for AD detection are invasive and cost-prohibitive. The retina is embryonically derived from the forebrain and, with recent mounting evidence that it may reveal markers of brain injury, is considered a “window to the brain.” Early neurodegenerative changes in the brain are likely to be observed in the retina—synaptic failure and shifts in mitochondrial dynamics. Optical imaging techniques could hold the key to non-invasive early detection of AD in the retina since these disruptions may be observed with light. In particular, optical coherence tomography (OCT) retinal imaging offers 3D images of retinal neurons, but the resolution of clinical OCT systems is not fine enough to observe disruptions in the sub-cellular space. Scattering angle resolved (SAR-) OCT, a new method introduced in this work, aims to access sub-resolution scattering properties which could expose fundamental changes in the neurons associated with AD. In this dissertation, a custom SAR-OCT system and new image processing protocols are designed and constructed for murine retinal imaging. Then, three in-vivo studies are conducted using the imaging system to demonstrate its potential use in disease detection. In the first study, which establishes fundamental measures provided by SAR OCT, the imaging system discerns native scattering differences between retinal layers and regions in healthy mice. In the second study, significant scattering angle shifts are observed in ischemic retinas. Finally, a cross-sectional study compares a transgenic murine model of AD (3xTg-AD) with age-matched wild type controls. By examining the distribution of scattering angles detected by the SAR-OCT system, significant differences are observed in the earliest ages of the diseased mice compared the control mice. In the final chapter, limitations of these studies as well as the imaging and image processing protocols are examined, and recommendations are made for future studies to leverage SAR-OCT for early detection of AD or other neurodegenerative diseases
Optical Coherence Tomography Shape Analysis And Retinal Disease
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Author : Stewart Lake
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
Optical Coherence Tomography Shape Analysis And Retinal Disease written by Stewart Lake and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with categories.
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has evolved over a period of 30 years from an interesting research tool to a ubiquitous method of imaging the eye in clinical practice, now considered essential in the management of corneal, glaucoma, neuro-ophthalmic and retinal disease. Without it, the transformation of the management of medical retinal diseases (macular degeneration and diabetes) through the use of anti-vascular endothelial growth factors would have been difficult and far more complex for both patient and physician. This thesis emerged from the observation that OCT retinal shape differs between eyes, particularly with increasing myopia, leading to the question as to whether there was useful information to be learned from the retinal contour. -- Both magnetic resonance imaging and more recently the OCT have already been used to analyse the shape of the posterior segment of the eye. The objectives of this thesis are to more widely explore retinal shape measured with spectral domain OCT. OCT samples an area smaller than the retinal entirety, and combined images may alter shape information, so local retinal shape is used. While many papers have described the retinal curvature of myopic eyes, here the irregularity in retinal contour is employed as a sign, describing its distribution across both the posterior and mid-peripheral retina. This irregularity is then correlated with axial length, the primary determinant of myopia. This thesis further advances the understanding of retinal shape by examining the relationship between irregularity and posterior vitreous detachment (PVD), retinal tears and retinal detachment. Using discriminant analysis, a machine learning algorithm suitable for small-medium sized datasets, evidence is found for differences in retinal irregularity between eyes that can be used to classify retinal detachment and PVD eyes. Between eye and within eye observations over time suggest these differences do not arise from the PVD event or surgery, nor are they directly associated with chorio-retinal scarring from the use of therapeutic laser. During the course of this work, swept source OCT became available. Images collected with the swept source OCT confirm the utility of retinal irregularity features as a tool for classification. -- The novel shape analysis described here requires only data easily available in the clinic, and has the potential to provide quick, high resolution, cost effective local shape information relevant to eye health. As a result of this work, it is now known that quantification of peripheral retinal irregularity with OCT is not only possible but useful. Retinal irregularity is a biomarker that relates to myopia, and may improve the ability to predict retinal detachment, which opens the possibility that vision loss may be preventable in at risk eyes.
High Resolution Imaging In Microscopy And Ophthalmology
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Author : Josef F. Bille
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-08-13
High Resolution Imaging In Microscopy And Ophthalmology written by Josef F. Bille and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-08-13 with Medical categories.
This open access book provides a comprehensive overview of the application of the newest laser and microscope/ophthalmoscope technology in the field of high resolution imaging in microscopy and ophthalmology. Starting by describing High-Resolution 3D Light Microscopy with STED and RESOLFT, the book goes on to cover retinal and anterior segment imaging and image-guided treatment and also discusses the development of adaptive optics in vision science and ophthalmology. Using an interdisciplinary approach, the reader will learn about the latest developments and most up to date technology in the field and how these translate to a medical setting. High Resolution Imaging in Microscopy and Ophthalmology – New Frontiers in Biomedical Optics has been written by leading experts in the field and offers insights on engineering, biology, and medicine, thus being a valuable addition for scientists, engineers, and clinicians with technical and medical interest who would like to understand the equipment, the applications and the medical/biological background. Lastly, this book is dedicated to the memory of Dr. Gerhard Zinser, co-founder of Heidelberg Engineering GmbH, a scientist, a husband, a brother, a colleague, and a friend.
Oct And Imaging In Central Nervous System Diseases
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Oct And Imaging In Central Nervous System Diseases written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with Central nervous system categories.
The second edition of OCT and Imaging in Central Nervous System Diseases offers updated state-of-the-art advances using optical coherence tomography (OCT) regrading neuronal loss within the retina. Detailed information on the OCT imaging and interpretation is provided for the evaluation of disease progression in numerous neurodegenerative disorders and as a biological marker of neuroaxonal injury. Covering disorders like multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, intracranial hypertension, Friedreich's ataxia, schizophrenia, hereditary optic neuropathies, glaucoma, and amblyopia, readers will given insights into effects on the retina and the and optic nerve. Individual chapters are also devoted to OCT technique, new OCT technology in neuro-ophthalmology, OCT and pharmacological treatment, and the use of OCT in animal models. Similar to the first edition, this book is an excellent and richly illustrated reference for diagnosis of many retinal diseases and monitoring of surgical and medical treatment. OCT allows to study vision from of the retina to the optic tracts. Retinal axons in the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) are non-myelinated until they penetrate the lamina cribrosa. Hence, the RNFL is an ideal structure for visualization of any process of neurodegeneration, neuroprotection, or regeneration. By documenting the ability of OCT to provide key information on CNS diseases, this book illustrates convincingly that the eye is indeed the "window to the brain".
Optical Coherence Tomography In Multiple Sclerosis
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Author : Axel Petzold
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-02-21
Optical Coherence Tomography In Multiple Sclerosis written by Axel Petzold and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-02-21 with Medical categories.
This book gives a clinical context to optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings, while considering the differential diagnosis and providing patient management guidance. Relevant anatomical and technical aspects are discussed, followed by a pragmatic illustration of the use of OCT for the clinical spectrum of multiple sclerosis and optic neuritis, and finishing with information on monitoring ocular side effects of recently approved disease-modifying treatments in multiple sclerosis. Optical Coherence Tomography in Multiple Sclerosis: Clinical Applications is aimed at clinical neurologists working with patients suffering from MS and general neurologists who see patients with visual symptoms in their daily practice. Ophthalmologists sharing clinical responsibilities with neurologists for patients under disease-modifying treatments will also find the book of interest.
Optical Coherence Tomography
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Author : G. Coscas
language : en
Publisher: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
Release Date : 2014-02-27
Optical Coherence Tomography written by G. Coscas and has been published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-02-27 with Medical categories.
Because of its many advantages optical coherence tomography (OCT) has revolutionized the way in which retinal diseases are screened and managed and how treatments are monitored. In this volume the latest developments and findings are presented by experts in their respective fields. After a short introduction covering the available equipment and the basic techniques, the imaging features of various pathological findings in retinal diseases are presented. The topics cover the outer layers including new modalities for choroid imaging, out-layer diseases such as the various types of macular degeneration, retinal diseases such as diabetic retinopathy and vascular occlusion, and retina and vitreous interface pathologies. The final chapters are dedicated to the practicality of using OCT for the pre- and postsurgical evaluation of the posterior segment and for the differential diagnosis of vitreoretinal diseases as well as in the management of patients with retinal and neuro-ophthalmological diseases. Making the essentials of the recently held ESASO course on OCT available in one volume, this publication is a must-read for experienced as well as trainee ophthalmologists who need to use OCT in their daily practice.
Fundus Autofluorescence
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Author : Noemi Lois
language : en
Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Release Date : 2012-02-13
Fundus Autofluorescence written by Noemi Lois and has been published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-02-13 with Medical categories.
Featuring over 250 illustrations, this detailed full-color textbook provides up-to-date information on the use of fundus autofluorescence imaging in evaluation of retinal disease. Chapters describe the techniques available to image and quantify fundus autofluorescence and the autofluorescence patterns observed in the healthy eye and in various retinal diseases. Emphasis is on the value of fundus autofluorescence as a diagnostic and prognostic tool and its clinical utility in the context of other imaging techniques, such as fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography and optical coherence tomography. Each chapter also discusses the value of fundus autofluorescence in understanding the pathogenesis of the condition, and provides a comprehensive update on all aspects of the condition. A companion Website will offer the fully searchable text and an image bank.