African American Men And Opportunity In The Navy
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African American Men And Opportunity In The Navy
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Author : Arthur L. Dunklin
language : en
Publisher: McFarland
Release Date : 2014-11-21
African American Men And Opportunity In The Navy written by Arthur L. Dunklin and has been published by McFarland this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-11-21 with History categories.
The United States military is often presented as a model of equal-opportunity employment. In this work, the author examines and challenges this assertion with respect to the Navy. Dunklin studies Navy claims of meritocracy and training processes, profiles the careers of eight senior enlisted African American servicemen, and examines barriers to African American inclusion. First-hand accounts and interviews provide insight into the coping mechanisms and struggles of African Americans in the Navy. The author concludes by offering suggestions to improve the Navy equal opportunity environment.
Blue Gold And Black
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Author : Robert John Schneller
language : en
Publisher: Texas A&M University Press
Release Date : 2008
Blue Gold And Black written by Robert John Schneller and has been published by Texas A&M University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with History categories.
During the twentieth century, the U.S. Naval Academy evolved from a racist institution to one that ranked equal opportunity among its fundamental tenets. This transformation was not without its social cost, however, and black midshipmen bore the brunt of it. Blue & Gold and Black is the history of integration of African Americans into the Naval Academy. The book examines how civil rights advocates? demands for equal opportunity shaped the Naval Academy?s evolution. Author Robert J. Schneller Jr. analyzes how changes in the Academy?s policies and culture affected the lives of black midshipmen, as well as how black midshipmen effected change in the Academy?s policies and culture. Most institutional history is written from the top down, while most social history is written from the bottom up. Based on the documentary record as well as on the memories of hundreds of midshipmen and naval officers, Blue & Gold and Black includes both perspectives. By examining both the institution and the individual, a much more accurate picture emerges of how racial integration occurred at the Naval Academy. Schneller takes a biographical approach to social history. Through written correspondence, responses to questionnaires, memoirs, and oral histories, African American midshipmen recount their experiences in their own words. Rather than setting adrift their humanity and individuality in oceans of statistics, Schneller uses their first-hand recollections to provide insights into the Academy?s culture that cannot be gained from official records. Covering the Jim Crow era, the civil rights movement, and the empowerment of African Americans from the late 1960s through the end of the twentieth century, Blue & Gold and Black traces the transformation of an institution that produces men and women who lead not only the Navy, but also the nation.
African American Sailors Their Role In Helping The Union To Win The Civil War
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Author : Major Don A. Mills Sr. USMC
language : en
Publisher: Pickle Partners Publishing
Release Date : 2014-08-15
African American Sailors Their Role In Helping The Union To Win The Civil War written by Major Don A. Mills Sr. USMC and has been published by Pickle Partners Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-08-15 with History categories.
Since the very beginning of American history, African Americans have served alongside their white counterparts in virtually every major armed conflict on the high seas. This was especially true during the Civil War. The Union Navy continued to experience a shortage of available manpower to sufficiently man its fleet of 600 plus ships. Life aboard naval vessels was particularly harsh and naval recruiters did not hesitate to enlist African Americans, free and slave, to ensure sufficient manning. African American sailors saw their service as an opportunity to rise above the status of social discrimination and segregation. Because of the shortage of able-bodied seamen in the Union Navy, African Americans were encouraged to join the naval service at a time when the Army and Marine Corps excluded their service. In an effort to attract African American recruits and to have them reenlist when their terms expired, the Navy tended to treat African American sailors with some degree of equality and respect once at sea. African American sailors were messed and quartered alongside their white counterparts. Per the leadership of the ship’s captain, segregation and discrimination were regulated or was less prevalent than in 19th century America. The accomplishments of the Union Navy had a significant impact on its winning the war. The Union Navy could not have achieved its mission without nearly one-fifth of its total manpower, the African American sailor. Their numbers provided the credible force required to execute the strategic aims of the Anaconda Plan and helped to ensure a Union victory. The service of African American sailors allowed the North to end the war much sooner than it would have without their service, thus preventing an even greater number of loss to human life.
African Americans In Defense Of The Nation
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Author : James T. Controvich
language : en
Publisher: Scarecrow Press
Release Date : 2011-03-28
African Americans In Defense Of The Nation written by James T. Controvich and has been published by Scarecrow Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-03-28 with History categories.
While the role of the African American in American history has been written about extensively, it is often difficult to locate the wealth of material that has been published. African-Americans in Defense of the Nation builds on a long list of early bibliographies concerning the subject, bringing together a broad spectrum of titles related to the African-American participation in America's wars. It covers both military exploits—as African Americans have been involved in every American conflict since the Revolution—and their participation in the homefront support.
African Americans And The Pacific War 1941 1945
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Author : Chris Dixon
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2018-09-20
African Americans And The Pacific War 1941 1945 written by Chris Dixon and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-09-20 with History categories.
Dixon provides the first comprehensive study of African American military and social experiences during the Pacific War.
The Golden Thirteen
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Author : Dan Goldberg
language : en
Publisher: Beacon Press
Release Date : 2020-05-19
The Golden Thirteen written by Dan Goldberg and has been published by Beacon Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-05-19 with Biography & Autobiography categories.
The inspiring story of the 13 courageous Black men who integrated the U.S. Navy during World War II—leading desegregation efforts across America and anticipating the civil rights movement. Featuring previously unpublished material from the U.S. Navy, this little-known history of forgotten civil rights heroes uncovers the racism within the military and the fight to serve. Through oral histories and original interviews with surviving family members, Dan Goldberg brings thirteen forgotten heroes away from the margins of history and into the spotlight. He reveals the opposition these men faced: the racist pseudo-science, the regular condescension, the repeated epithets, the verbal abuse and even violence. Despite these immense challenges, the Golden Thirteen persisted—understanding the power of integration, the opportunities for black Americans if they succeeded, and the consequences if they failed. Until 1942, black men in the Navy could hold jobs only as cleaners and cooks. The Navy reluctantly decided to select the first black men to undergo officer training in 1944, after enormous pressure from ordinary citizens and civil rights leaders. These men, segregated and sworn to secrecy, worked harder than they ever had in their lives and ultimately passed their exams with the highest average of any class in Navy history. In March 1944, these sailors became officers, the first black men to wear the gold stripes. Yet even then, their fight wasn’t over: white men refused to salute them, refused to eat at their table, and refused to accept that black men could be superior to them in rank. Still, the Golden Thirteen persevered, determined to hold their heads high and set an example that would inspire generations to come. In the vein of Hidden Figures, The Golden Thirteen reveals the contributions of heroes who were previously lost to history.
The Integration Of The Negro Into The U S Navy
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Author : Dennis Denmark Nelson
language : en
Publisher: Octagon Press, Limited
Release Date : 1982
The Integration Of The Negro Into The U S Navy written by Dennis Denmark Nelson and has been published by Octagon Press, Limited this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1982 with History categories.
The Golden Thirteen
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Author : Dan Goldberg
language : en
Publisher: Beacon Press
Release Date : 2020-05-19
The Golden Thirteen written by Dan Goldberg and has been published by Beacon Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-05-19 with Biography & Autobiography categories.
The story of the 13 courageous black men who integrated the officer corps of the US Navy during World War II—leading desegregation efforts across America and anticipating the civil rights movement Through oral histories and original interviews with surviving family members, Dan Goldberg brings 13 forgotten heroes away from the margins of history and into the spotlight. He reveals the opposition these men faced: the racist pseudo-science, the regular condescension, the repeated epithets, the verbal abuse and even violence. Despite these immense challenges, the Golden Thirteen persisted—understanding the power of integration, the opportunities for black Americans if they succeeded, and the consequences if they failed. Until 1942, black men in the Navy could hold jobs only as cleaners and cooks. The Navy reluctantly decided to select the first black men to undergo officer training in 1944, after enormous pressure from ordinary citizens and civil rights leaders. These men, segregated and sworn to secrecy, worked harder than they ever had in their lives and ultimately passed their exams with the highest average of any class in Navy history. In March 1944, these sailors became officers, the first black men to wear the gold stripes. Yet even then, their fight wasn’t over: white men refused to salute them, refused to eat at their table, and refused to accept that black men could be superior to them in rank. Still, the Golden Thirteen persevered, determined to hold their heads high and set an example that would inspire generations to come. In the vein of Hidden Figures, The Golden Thirteen reveals the contributions of heroes who were previously lost to history.
Records Of Military Agencies Relating To African Americans From The Post World War I Period To The Korean War
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Records Of Military Agencies Relating To African Americans From The Post World War I Period To The Korean War written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with United States categories.
Black Jacks
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Author : W. Jeffrey. Bolster
language : en
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Release Date : 2009-06-30
Black Jacks written by W. Jeffrey. Bolster and has been published by Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-06-30 with History categories.
Few Americans, black or white, recognize the degree to which early African American history is a maritime history. W. Jeffrey Bolster shatters the myth that black seafaring in the age of sail was limited to the Middle Passage. Seafaring was one of the most significant occupations among both enslaved and free black men between 1740 and 1865. Tens of thousands of black seamen sailed on lofty clippers and modest coasters. They sailed in whalers, warships, and privateers. Some were slaves, forced to work at sea, but by 1800 most were free men, seeking liberty and economic opportunity aboard ship.Bolster brings an intimate understanding of the sea to this extraordinary chapter in the formation of black America. Because of their unusual mobility, sailors were the eyes and ears to worlds beyond the limited horizon of black communities ashore. Sometimes helping to smuggle slaves to freedom, they were more often a unique conduit for news and information of concern to blacks.But for all its opportunities, life at sea was difficult. Blacks actively contributed to the Atlantic maritime culture shared by all seamen, but were often outsiders within it. Capturing that tension, Black Jacks examines not only how common experiences drew black and white sailors together--even as deeply internalized prejudices drove them apart--but also how the meaning of race aboard ship changed with time. Bolster traces the story to the end of the Civil War, when emancipated blacks began to be systematically excluded from maritime work. Rescuing African American seamen from obscurity, this stirring account reveals the critical role sailors played in helping forge new identities for black people in America.An epic tale of the rise and fall of black seafaring, Black Jacks is African Americans' freedom story presented from a fresh perspective.