Agency Perception And Moral Values Related To Autonomous Weapons
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Agency Perception And Moral Values Related To Autonomous Weapons
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Author : Ilse Verdiesen
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2021-10-18
Agency Perception And Moral Values Related To Autonomous Weapons written by Ilse Verdiesen and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-10-18 with Law categories.
The deployment of Autonomous Weapons gives rise to ongoing debate in society and at the United Nations, in the context of the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons. Yet little empirical research has been done on this topic. This volume fills that gap by offering an empirical study based on military personnel and civilians working at the Dutch Ministry of Defence. It yields insight into how Autonomous Weapons are perceived by the military and general public; and which moral values are considered important in relation to their deployment. The research approach used is the Value-Sensitive Design (VSD) method that allows for the consideration of human values throughout the design process of technology. The outcome indicates that military personnel and civilians attribute more agency (the capacity to think and plan) to an Autonomous Weapon than to a Human Operated Drone. In addition, it is clear that common ground exists between military and societal groups in their perception of the values of human dignity and anxiety. These two values arise often in the discourse, and addressing them is essential when considering the ethics of the deployment of Autonomous Weapons. The text of this volume is also offered in parallel French and German translation.
Agency Perception And Moral Values Related To Autonomous Weapons
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Author : Ilse Verdiesen (Systems Engineering, Policy Analysis and Management)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Agency Perception And Moral Values Related To Autonomous Weapons written by Ilse Verdiesen (Systems Engineering, Policy Analysis and Management) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.
Technology Assessment Of Dual Use Icts
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Author : Thea Riebe
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-06-30
Technology Assessment Of Dual Use Icts written by Thea Riebe and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-06-30 with Computers categories.
Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) are important to human, national, and even international security. IT research, artifacts, and knowledge that can be applied in military and civilian contexts, used as part of weapon systems, or cause significant harm are referred to as dual-use. Advances in artificial intelligence (AI), robotics, cybersecurity, and open source intelligence (OSINT) raise questions about their dual-use risks. But how can dual-use of such disparate technologies be assessed? Case studies are still lacking on how to assess dual-use ICT and how to enable sensitive and responsible dual-use design. To address the research gap, this cumulative dissertation uses Technology Assessment (TA) as an epistemological framework to bring together approaches of Critical Security Studies (CSS) as well as Value Sensitive Design (VSD) from the field of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI). As a result, the dissertation systematizes the dual-use risks and scenarios of the selected ICTs and derives organizational and design implications.
Handbook On The Ethics Of Artificial Intelligence
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Author : David J. Gunkel
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2024-07-05
Handbook On The Ethics Of Artificial Intelligence written by David J. Gunkel and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-07-05 with Computers categories.
This engaging Handbook identifies and critically examines the moral opportunities and challenges typically attributed to artificial intelligence. It provides a comprehensive overview and examination of the most pressing and urgent problems with this technology by drawing on a wide range of analytical methods, traditions, and approaches.
The Routledge Handbook On Responsibility In International Relations
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Author : Hannes Hansen-Magnusson
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2021-07-29
The Routledge Handbook On Responsibility In International Relations written by Hannes Hansen-Magnusson and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-07-29 with Political Science categories.
What does responsibility mean in International Relations (IR)? This handbook brings together cutting-edge research on the critical debates about responsibility that are currently being undertaken in IR theory. This handbook both reflects upon an emerging field based on an engagement in the most crucial theoretical debates and serves as a foundational text by showing how deeply a discussion of responsibility is embedded in broader questions of IR theory and practice. Contributions cover the way in which responsibility is theorized across different approaches in IR and relevant neighboring disciplines and demonstrate how responsibility matters in different policy fields of global governance. Chapters with an empirical focus zoom in on particular actor constellations of (emerging) states, international organizations, political movements, or corporations, or address how responsibility matters in structuring the politics of global commons, such as oceans, resources, or the Internet. Providing a comprehensive overview of IR scholarship on responsibility, this accessible and interdisciplinary text will be a valuable resource for scholars and students in many fields including IR, international law, political theory, global ethics, science and technology, area studies, development studies, business ethics, and environmental and security governance.
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Author : ELACHEACHE ISHAK
language : ar
Publisher: ishak elacheache
Release Date : 2024-04-01
written by ELACHEACHE ISHAK and has been published by ishak elacheache this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-04-01 with Law categories.
منظومات الأسلحة الفتاكة ذاتية التشغيل هي منظومات أسلحة يمكنها اختيار الأهداف وإشراكها دون تدخل بشري بمجرد تنشيطها، ويثير تطويرها واستخدامها شواغل جدية من المنظورات الإنسانية والقانونية والأمنية والتكنولوجية والأخلاقية، وثمة حاجة ملحة لأن يتصدى المجتمع الدولي لهذه المخاطر والتحديات باعتماد قواعد وتدابير مواءمة. فمبادئ القانون الإنساني، بمفهومه الواسع، تقتضي أن يكون استخدام القوة متناسبا وتمييزيًا، وأن يتجنب المعاناة غير الضرورية، وألّا يُقوّض حقّ الانسان في الحياة أو ينتهك كرامته، لكن يبدو أن استخدام منظومات الأسلحة ذاتية التشغيل قد يتجاوز هذا الحدّ، كون الآلات لا يمكنها حساب تناسب كل هجوم على حدة أو التمييز بين الطبيعة المدنية أو العسكرية للأهداف، ولا ابتكار حكم أخلاقي بشأن القرارات المصيرية للحياة والموت. ومع ذلك، فالظهار أن هنالك اعتراف واسع النطاق بأن العنصر البشري يجب أن يظل مركزيًا في استخدام القوة، غير أن تحديد الحد الأدنى من مشاركة البشر أو أوجه التفاعل بين الانسان والآلة أو التحكم البشري الهادف على النحو الذي يتطلّبه القانون، لا يزال محلّ جدل عميق لدى الخبراء على المستوى الدولي. ولهذا الغرض، تأتي هذه الدراسة القانونية المعمّقة كمحاولة لأجل فهم الشواغل القانونية والأخلاقية والإنسانية والأمنية التي تفرضها عسكرة التكنولوجيات الناشئة وأتمتة الحرب، من خلال عرض التطبيقات العسكرية الجامحة للذكاء الصناعي في الحروب المعاصرة، ولاسيّما العدوان الصهيوني ضدّ الفلسطينيين في غزة حيث ساهم ذلك في تعميق الابادة الجماعية بطريقة ممنهجة.
An Ethical Evaluation Of Lethal Functions In Autoregulative Weapons Systems
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Author : Nicole Kunkel
language : en
Publisher: Wipf and Stock Publishers
Release Date : 2024-12-30
An Ethical Evaluation Of Lethal Functions In Autoregulative Weapons Systems written by Nicole Kunkel and has been published by Wipf and Stock Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-12-30 with Philosophy categories.
This book connects two of the most pressing ethical topics of our time: questions of peace and technology, materialized in so-called autonomous weapons systems, which can operate without human control and intervention in real time. The author, however, criticizes the term “autonomy” as too anthropomorphic and therefore misleading. She consequently proposes using the term “autoregulation” in its place. Taking a contingent pacifist stance, this book addresses the question of whether such technological means help or hinder peace processes. The argument is tripartite. First, it is demonstrated that the risk of harm to nonparticipants is very likely to increase. Second, and with respect to responsibility, it is indicated that a human-machine system can only be operated responsibly if a human is in control. Finally, this idea is transferred into theological thought through reference to Bonhoeffer’s idea of incurring guilt in acting responsibly. In that context, autoregulative technology might pose the possibility of shying away from responsibility—and therefore becoming guilty. This book is among the first ethical considerations of lethal autoregulative weaponry from a contingent pacifist stance and brings together peace ethical thinking and theories from various backgrounds.
Happiness Is The Wrong Metric
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Author : Amitai Etzioni
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-01-08
Happiness Is The Wrong Metric written by Amitai Etzioni and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-01-08 with Philosophy categories.
This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. This timely book addresses the conflict between globalism and nationalism. It provides a liberal communitarian response to the rise of populism occurring in many democracies. The book highlights the role of communities next to that of the state and the market. It spells out the policy implications of liberal communitarianism for privacy, freedom of the press, and much else. In a persuasive argument that speaks to politics today from Europe to the United States to Australia, the author offers a compelling vision of hope. Above all, the book offers a framework for dealing with moral challenges people face as they seek happiness but also to live up to their responsibilities to others and the common good. At a time when even our most basic values are up for question in policy debates riddled with populist manipulation, Amitai Etzioni’s bold book creates a new frame which introduces morals and values back into applied policy questions. These questions span the challenges of jobless growth to the unanswered questions posed by the role of artificial intelligence in a wide range of daily life tasks and decisions. While not all readers will agree with the communitarian solutions that he proposes, many will welcome an approach that is, at its core, inclusive and accepting of the increasingly global nature of all societies at the same time. It is a must read for all readers concerned about the future of Western liberal democracy. Carol Graham, Leo Pasvolsky Senior Fellow, The Brookings Institution and College Park Professor/University of Maryland In characteristically lively, engaging, and provocative style Etzioni tackles many of the great public policy dilemmas that afflict us today. Arguing that we are trapped into a spiral of slavish consumerism, he proposes a form of liberal communitarian that, he suggests, will allow human beings to flourish in changing circumstances. Jonathan Wolff, Blavatnik Chair of Public Policy, Blavatnik School of Government, University of Oxford
Lethal Autonomous Weapons
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Author : Jai Galliott
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Lethal Autonomous Weapons written by Jai Galliott and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with Law categories.
Lethal Autonomous Weapons explores the moral and legal issues associated with the design, development, and deployment of lethal autonomous weapons. This volume brings together some of the most prominent academics and academic-practitioners in the lethal autonomous weapons space and seeks to return some balance to the debate.
Artificial Intelligence And Universal Values
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Author : Jay Friedenberg
language : en
Publisher: Ethics International Press
Release Date : 2024-07-14
Artificial Intelligence And Universal Values written by Jay Friedenberg and has been published by Ethics International Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-07-14 with Computers categories.
The field of value alignment, or more broadly machine ethics, is becoming increasingly important as artificial intelligence developments accelerate. By ‘alignment’ we mean giving a generally intelligent software system the capability to act in ways that are beneficial, or at least minimally harmful, to humans. There are a large number of techniques that are being experimented with, but this work often fails to specify what values exactly we should be aligning. When making a decision, an agent is supposed to maximize the expected utility of its value function. Classically, this has been referred to as happiness, but this is just one of many things that people value. In order to resolve this issue, we need to determine a set of human values that represent humanity's interests. Although this problem might seem intractable, research shows that people of various cultures and religions actually share more in common than they realize. In this book we review world religions, moral philosophy and evolutionary psychology to elucidate a common set of shared values. We then show how these values can be used to address the alignment problem and conclude with problems and goals for future research. The key audience for this book will be researchers in the field of ethics and artificial intelligence who are interested in, or working on this problem. These people will come from various professions and include philosophers, computer programmers and psychologists, as the problem itself is multi-disciplinary.