An Introduction To Mathematical Reasoning

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An Introduction To Mathematical Reasoning

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Author : Peter J. Eccles
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1997-12-11

An Introduction To Mathematical Reasoning written by Peter J. Eccles and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-12-11 with Mathematics categories.

ÍNDICE: Part I. Mathematical Statements and Proofs: 1. The language of mathematics; 2. Implications; 3. Proofs; 4. Proof by contradiction; 5. The induction principle; Part II. Sets and Functions: 6. The language of set theory; 7. Quantifiers; 8. Functions; 9. Injections, surjections and bijections; Part III. Numbers and Counting: 10. Counting; 11. Properties of finite sets; 12. Counting functions and subsets; 13. Number systems; 14. Counting infinite sets; Part IV. Arithmetic: 15. The division theorem; 16. The Euclidean algorithm; 17. Consequences of the Euclidean algorithm; 18. Linear diophantine equations; Part V. Modular Arithmetic: 19. Congruences of integers; 20. Linear congruences; 21. Congruence classes and the arithmetic of remainders; 22. Partitions and equivalence relations; Part VI. Prime Numbers: 23. The sequence of prime numbers; 24. Congruence modulo a prime; Solutions to exercises.

Introduction To Mathematical Thinking

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Author : Keith J. Devlin
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012

Introduction To Mathematical Thinking written by Keith J. Devlin and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Mathematics categories.

"Mathematical thinking is not the same as 'doing math'--unless you are a professional mathematician. For most people, 'doing math' means the application of procedures and symbolic manipulations. Mathematical thinking, in contrast, is what the name reflects, a way of thinking about things in the world that humans have developed over three thousand years. It does not have to be about mathematics at all, which means that many people can benefit from learning this powerful way of thinking, not just mathematicians and scientists."--Back cover.

Mathematical Reasoning

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Author : Theodore A. Sundstrom
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003

Mathematical Reasoning written by Theodore A. Sundstrom and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Proof theory categories.

Focusing on the formal development of mathematics, this book demonstrates how to read and understand, write and construct mathematical proofs. It emphasizes active learning, and uses elementary number theory and congruence arithmetic throughout. Chapter content covers an introduction to writing in mathematics, logical reasoning, constructing proofs, set theory, mathematical induction, functions, equivalence relations, topics in number theory, and topics in set theory. For learners making the transition form calculus to more advanced mathematics.

The Tools Of Mathematical Reasoning

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Author : Tamara J. Lakins
language : en
Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.
Release Date : 2016-09-08

The Tools Of Mathematical Reasoning written by Tamara J. Lakins and has been published by American Mathematical Soc. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-09-08 with Mathematics categories.

This accessible textbook gives beginning undergraduate mathematics students a first exposure to introductory logic, proofs, sets, functions, number theory, relations, finite and infinite sets, and the foundations of analysis. The book provides students with a quick path to writing proofs and a practical collection of tools that they can use in later mathematics courses such as abstract algebra and analysis. The importance of the logical structure of a mathematical statement as a framework for finding a proof of that statement, and the proper use of variables, is an early and consistent theme used throughout the book.

An Introduction To Mathematical Thinking

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Author : William J. Gilbert
language : en
Publisher: Pearson
Release Date : 2005

An Introduction To Mathematical Thinking written by William J. Gilbert and has been published by Pearson this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Algebraic logic categories.

Besides giving readers the techniques for solving polynomial equations and congruences, An Introduction to Mathematical Thinking provides preparation for understanding more advanced topics in Linear and Modern Algebra, as well as Calculus. This book introduces proofs and mathematical thinking while teaching basic algebraic skills involving number systems, including the integers and complex numbers. Ample questions at the end of each chapter provide opportunities for learning and practice; the Exercises are routine applications of the material in the chapter, while the Problems require more ingenuity, ranging from easy to nearly impossible. Topics covered in this comprehensive introduction range from logic and proofs, integers and diophantine equations, congruences, induction and binomial theorem, rational and real numbers, and functions and bijections to cryptography, complex numbers, and polynomial equations. With its comprehensive appendices, this book is an excellent desk reference for mathematicians and those involved in computer science.

Mathematical Reasoning

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Author : Lyn D. English
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-04-03

Mathematical Reasoning written by Lyn D. English and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-03 with Education categories.

How we reason with mathematical ideas continues to be a fascinating and challenging topic of research--particularly with the rapid and diverse developments in the field of cognitive science that have taken place in recent years. Because it draws on multiple disciplines, including psychology, philosophy, computer science, linguistics, and anthropology, cognitive science provides rich scope for addressing issues that are at the core of mathematical learning. Drawing upon the interdisciplinary nature of cognitive science, this book presents a broadened perspective on mathematics and mathematical reasoning. It represents a move away from the traditional notion of reasoning as "abstract" and "disembodied", to the contemporary view that it is "embodied" and "imaginative." From this perspective, mathematical reasoning involves reasoning with structures that emerge from our bodily experiences as we interact with the environment; these structures extend beyond finitary propositional representations. Mathematical reasoning is imaginative in the sense that it utilizes a number of powerful, illuminating devices that structure these concrete experiences and transform them into models for abstract thought. These "thinking tools"--analogy, metaphor, metonymy, and imagery--play an important role in mathematical reasoning, as the chapters in this book demonstrate, yet their potential for enhancing learning in the domain has received little recognition. This book is an attempt to fill this void. Drawing upon backgrounds in mathematics education, educational psychology, philosophy, linguistics, and cognitive science, the chapter authors provide a rich and comprehensive analysis of mathematical reasoning. New and exciting perspectives are presented on the nature of mathematics (e.g., "mind-based mathematics"), on the array of powerful cognitive tools for reasoning (e.g., "analogy and metaphor"), and on the different ways these tools can facilitate mathematical reasoning. Examples are drawn from the reasoning of the preschool child to that of the adult learner.

Visualization Explanation And Reasoning Styles In Mathematics

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Author : P. Mancosu
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2006-03-30

Visualization Explanation And Reasoning Styles In Mathematics written by P. Mancosu and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-03-30 with Mathematics categories.

In the 20th century philosophy of mathematics has to a great extent been dominated by views developed during the so-called foundational crisis in the beginning of that century. These views have primarily focused on questions pertaining to the logical structure of mathematics and questions regarding the justi?cation and consistency of mathematics. Paradigmatic in this - spect is Hilbert’s program which inherits from Frege and Russell the project to formalize all areas of ordinary mathematics and then adds the requi- ment of a proof, by epistemically privileged means (?nitistic reasoning), of the consistency of such formalized theories. While interest in modi?ed v- sions of the original foundational programs is still thriving, in the second part of the twentieth century several philosophers and historians of mat- matics have questioned whether such foundational programs could exhaust the realm of important philosophical problems to be raised about the nature of mathematics. Some have done so in open confrontation (and hostility) to the logically based analysis of mathematics which characterized the cl- sical foundational programs, while others (and many of the contributors to this book belong to this tradition) have only called for an extension of the range of questions and problems that should be raised in connection with an understanding of mathematics. The focus has turned thus to a consideration of what mathematicians are actually doing when they produce mathematics. Questions concerning concept-formation, understanding, heuristics, changes instyle of reasoning, the role of analogies and diagrams etc.

Rippling Meta Level Guidance For Mathematical Reasoning

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Author : Alan Bundy
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2005-06-30

Rippling Meta Level Guidance For Mathematical Reasoning written by Alan Bundy and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-06-30 with Computers categories.

Rippling is a radically new technique for the automation of mathematical reasoning. It is widely applicable whenever a goal is to be proved from one or more syntactically similar givens. It was originally developed for inductive proofs, where the goal was the induction conclusion and the givens were the induction hypotheses. It has proved to be applicable to a much wider class of tasks, from summing series via analysis to general equational reasoning. The application to induction has especially important practical implications in the building of dependable IT systems, and provides solutions to issues such as the problem of combinatorial explosion. Rippling is the first of many new search control techniques based on formula annotation; some additional annotated reasoning techniques are also described here. This systematic and comprehensive introduction to rippling, and to the wider subject of automated inductive theorem proving, will be welcomed by researchers and graduate students alike.

An Introduction To Mathematical Reasoning

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Author : Peter J. Eccles
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2013-06-26

An Introduction To Mathematical Reasoning written by Peter J. Eccles and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-26 with Mathematics categories.

This book eases students into the rigors of university mathematics. The emphasis is on understanding and constructing proofs and writing clear mathematics. The author achieves this by exploring set theory, combinatorics, and number theory, topics that include many fundamental ideas and may not be a part of a young mathematician's toolkit. This material illustrates how familiar ideas can be formulated rigorously, provides examples demonstrating a wide range of basic methods of proof, and includes some of the all-time-great classic proofs. The book presents mathematics as a continually developing subject. Material meeting the needs of readers from a wide range of backgrounds is included. The over 250 problems include questions to interest and challenge the most able student but also plenty of routine exercises to help familiarize the reader with the basic ideas.