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An Introduction To Proofs With Set Theory

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An Introduction To Proofs With Set Theory

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Author : Daniel Ashlock
language : en
Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Release Date : 2020-06-24

An Introduction To Proofs With Set Theory written by Daniel Ashlock and has been published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-06-24 with Mathematics categories.

This text is intended as an introduction to mathematical proofs for students. It is distilled from the lecture notes for a course focused on set theory subject matter as a means of teaching proofs. Chapter 1 contains an introduction and provides a brief summary of some background material students may be unfamiliar with. Chapters 2 and 3 introduce the basics of logic for students not yet familiar with these topics. Included is material on Boolean logic, propositions and predicates, logical operations, truth tables, tautologies and contradictions, rules of inference and logical arguments. Chapter 4 introduces mathematical proofs, including proof conventions, direct proofs, proof-by-contradiction, and proof-by-contraposition. Chapter 5 introduces the basics of naive set theory, including Venn diagrams and operations on sets. Chapter 6 introduces mathematical induction and recurrence relations. Chapter 7 introduces set-theoretic functions and covers injective, surjective, and bijective functions, as well as permutations. Chapter 8 covers the fundamental properties of the integers including primes, unique factorization, and Euclid's algorithm. Chapter 9 is an introduction to combinatorics; topics included are combinatorial proofs, binomial and multinomial coefficients, the Inclusion-Exclusion principle, and counting the number of surjective functions between finite sets. Chapter 10 introduces relations and covers equivalence relations and partial orders. Chapter 11 covers number bases, number systems, and operations. Chapter 12 covers cardinality, including basic results on countable and uncountable infinities, and introduces cardinal numbers. Chapter 13 expands on partial orders and introduces ordinal numbers. Chapter 14 examines the paradoxes of naive set theory and introduces and discusses axiomatic set theory. This chapter also includes Cantor's Paradox, Russel's Paradox, a discussion of axiomatic theories, an exposition on Zermelo‒Fraenkel Set Theory with the Axiom of Choice, and a brief explanation of Gödel's Incompleteness Theorems.

An Introduction To Proof Theory

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Author : Paolo Mancosu
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2021

An Introduction To Proof Theory written by Paolo Mancosu and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with Mathematics categories.

"Proof theory is a central area of mathematical logic of special interest to philosophy . It has its roots in the foundational debate of the 1920s, in particular, in Hilbert's program in the philosophy of mathematics, which called for a formalization of mathematics, as well as for a proof, using philosophically unproblematic, "finitary" means, that these systems are free from contradiction. Structural proof theory investigates the structure and properties of proofs in different formal deductive systems, including axiomatic derivations, natural deduction, and the sequent calculus. Central results in structural proof theory are the normalization theorem for natural deduction, proved here for both intuitionistic and classical logic, and the cut-elimination theorem for the sequent calculus. In formal systems of number theory formulated in the sequent calculus, the induction rule plays a central role. It can be eliminated from proofs of sequents of a certain elementary form: every proof of an atomic sequent can be transformed into a "simple" proof. This is Hilbert's central idea for giving finitary consistency proofs. The proof requires a measure of proof complexity called an ordinal notation. The branch of proof theory dealing with mathematical systems such as arithmetic thus has come to be called ordinal proof theory. The theory of ordinal notations is developed here in purely combinatorial terms, and the consistency proof for arithmetic presented in detail"--

An Introduction To Proofs With Set Theory

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Author : Daniel Ashlock
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-06-01

An Introduction To Proofs With Set Theory written by Daniel Ashlock and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-06-01 with Mathematics categories.

Book Of Proof

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Author : Richard H. Hammack
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013-05

Book Of Proof written by Richard H. Hammack and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-05 with Mathematics categories.

This book is an introduction to the language and standard proof methods of mathematics. It is a bridge from the computational courses (such as calculus or differential equations) that students typically encounter in their first year of college to a more abstract outlook. It lays a foundation for more theoretical courses such as topology, analysis and abstract algebra. Although it may be more meaningful to the student who has had some calculus, there is really no prerequisite other than a measure of mathematical maturity. Topics include sets, logic, counting, methods of conditional and non-conditional proof, disproof, induction, relations, functions and infinite cardinality.

How To Prove It

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Author : Daniel J. Velleman
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2006-01-16

How To Prove It written by Daniel J. Velleman and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-01-16 with Mathematics categories.

Many students have trouble the first time they take a mathematics course in which proofs play a significant role. This new edition of Velleman's successful text will prepare students to make the transition from solving problems to proving theorems by teaching them the techniques needed to read and write proofs. The book begins with the basic concepts of logic and set theory, to familiarize students with the language of mathematics and how it is interpreted. These concepts are used as the basis for a step-by-step breakdown of the most important techniques used in constructing proofs. The author shows how complex proofs are built up from these smaller steps, using detailed 'scratch work' sections to expose the machinery of proofs about the natural numbers, relations, functions, and infinite sets. To give students the opportunity to construct their own proofs, this new edition contains over 200 new exercises, selected solutions, and an introduction to Proof Designer software. No background beyond standard high school mathematics is assumed. This book will be useful to anyone interested in logic and proofs: computer scientists, philosophers, linguists, and of course mathematicians.

Introduction To Proof In Abstract Mathematics

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Author : Andrew Wohlgemuth
language : en
Publisher: Courier Corporation
Release Date : 2011-02-17

Introduction To Proof In Abstract Mathematics written by Andrew Wohlgemuth and has been published by Courier Corporation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-02-17 with Mathematics categories.

Originally published: Philadelphia: Saunders College Pub., c1990.

Sets Models And Proofs

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Author : Ieke Moerdijk
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-11-23

Sets Models And Proofs written by Ieke Moerdijk and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-11-23 with Mathematics categories.

This textbook provides a concise and self-contained introduction to mathematical logic, with a focus on the fundamental topics in first-order logic and model theory. Including examples from several areas of mathematics (algebra, linear algebra and analysis), the book illustrates the relevance and usefulness of logic in the study of these subject areas. The authors start with an exposition of set theory and the axiom of choice as used in everyday mathematics. Proceeding at a gentle pace, they go on to present some of the first important results in model theory, followed by a careful exposition of Gentzen-style natural deduction and a detailed proof of Gödel’s completeness theorem for first-order logic. The book then explores the formal axiom system of Zermelo and Fraenkel before concluding with an extensive list of suggestions for further study. The present volume is primarily aimed at mathematics students who are already familiar with basic analysis, algebra and linear algebra. It contains numerous exercises of varying difficulty and can be used for self-study, though it is ideally suited as a text for a one-semester university course in the second or third year.

The Foundations Of Mathematics

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Author : Kenneth Kunen
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009

The Foundations Of Mathematics written by Kenneth Kunen and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Mathematics categories.

Mathematical logic grew out of philosophical questions regarding the foundations of mathematics, but logic has now outgrown its philosophical roots, and has become an integral part of mathematics in general. This book is designed for students who plan to specialize in logic, as well as for those who are interested in the applications of logic to other areas of mathematics. Used as a text, it could form the basis of a beginning graduate-level course. There are three main chapters: Set Theory, Model Theory, and Recursion Theory. The Set Theory chapter describes the set-theoretic foundations of all of mathematics, based on the ZFC axioms. It also covers technical results about the Axiom of Choice, well-orderings, and the theory of uncountable cardinals. The Model Theory chapter discusses predicate logic and formal proofs, and covers the Completeness, Compactness, and Lowenheim-Skolem Theorems, elementary submodels, model completeness, and applications to algebra. This chapter also continues the foundational issues begun in the set theory chapter. Mathematics can now be viewed as formal proofs from ZFC. Also, model theory leads to models of set theory. This includes a discussion of absoluteness, and an analysis of models such as H( ) and R( ). The Recursion Theory chapter develops some basic facts about computable functions, and uses them to prove a number of results of foundational importance; in particular, Church's theorem on the undecidability of logical consequence, the incompleteness theorems of Godel, and Tarski's theorem on the non-definability of truth.

Introduction To The Theory Of Sets

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Author : Joseph Breuer
language : en
Publisher: Courier Corporation
Release Date : 2012-08-09

Introduction To The Theory Of Sets written by Joseph Breuer and has been published by Courier Corporation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-08-09 with Mathematics categories.

This undergraduate text develops its subject through observations of the physical world, covering finite sets, cardinal numbers, infinite cardinals, and ordinals. Includes exercises with answers. 1958 edition.

Set Theory

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Author : Daniel W. Cunningham
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2016-07-18

Set Theory written by Daniel W. Cunningham and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-07-18 with Mathematics categories.

Set theory can be considered a unifying theory for mathematics. This book covers the fundamentals of the subject.

An Introduction To Proofs With Set Theory

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