An Investigation Of The Signaling Pathways That Control Cell Migration And Axon Guidance In Caenorhabditis Elegans
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An Investigation Of The Signaling Pathways That Control Cell Migration And Axon Guidance In Caenorhabditis Elegans
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Author : Mark Stephan Lucanic
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
An Investigation Of The Signaling Pathways That Control Cell Migration And Axon Guidance In Caenorhabditis Elegans written by Mark Stephan Lucanic and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with categories.
The Characterization Of A Novel Cell Migration Gene With A Maternal Effect And Temperature Sensitivity In Caenorhabditis Elegans
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Author : Joseph Veyhl
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
The Characterization Of A Novel Cell Migration Gene With A Maternal Effect And Temperature Sensitivity In Caenorhabditis Elegans written by Joseph Veyhl and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
Distinct Cell Guidance Pathways Control The Extension Of The Excretory Canals In C Elegans
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Author : Nancy Marcus
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Distinct Cell Guidance Pathways Control The Extension Of The Excretory Canals In C Elegans written by Nancy Marcus and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Actin categories.
The excretory cell is the functional equivalent to the kidney in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, and provides an excellent in vivo model to study directional cell migration and extension. The leading edges of the growing canals resemble neuronal growth cones in that they must be able to sense and integrate directional cues in both the dorsoventral and anteroposterior axes. The cytoskeleton regulator UNC-53/NAV2 is required for both the anterior and posterior outgrowth of several neurons, as well as the excretory cell. UNC-53 and the Abelson kinase interactor (ABI-1) appear to function cell autonomously in the excretory canals to promote outgrowth, have overlapping expression patterns, and display similar cell migration phenotypes in the canals and mechanosensory neurons. Moreover, proteins known to function with abi-1 in actin dynamics, including members of the ARP2/3 complex exhibit similar excretory cell and neuronal outgrowth defects by RNAi, suggesting that UNC-53 may act as a scaffold that links ABI-1 to the ARP2/3 complex to regulate actin cytoskeleton remodelling. Genetic analysis of putative interactors of UNC-53 suggests that UNC-53 appears to function together with UNC-71/ADAM, while the kinesin-like motor VAB-8 appears to act in a separate pathway to control the posteriorly directed excretory canal outgrowth. Analysis of putative interactors of VAB-8 suggests that VAB-8, SAX-3/ROBO, SLT-1/Slit and EVA-1 are functioning together in the outgrowth of the excretory canals. The known VAB-8 interactor, the Rac/Rho GEF UNC-73/TRIO operates in both pathways, as isoform specific alleles exhibit enhancement of the phenotype in double mutant combination with either unc-53 or vab-8. Rescue experiments suggest that a cell autonomous pathway is mediated by the Rho specific GEF domain of the UNC-73E isoform in conjunction with UNC-53, UNC-71, and ABI-1, and a cell non-autonomous pathway is mediated by the Rac specific GEF domain of the UNC-73B isoform, through partnering with VAB-8 and the receptors SAX-3 and EVA-1. Taken together, my studies indicate that the migration of the excretory canals requires two or more signaling pathways, and the guidance cues involved are also essential migration molecules functioning to guide neuronal cells and axon growth cones.
The Unc 53 Mediated Interactome
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Author : Amita Pandey
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-07-05
The Unc 53 Mediated Interactome written by Amita Pandey and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-07-05 with Medical categories.
This book gives an overview of various interactomes involved in dorsal ventral (DV) and anterior posterior (AP) guidance, their mechanisms of action, subcellular localizations, and functional roles. It will provide readers a better understanding of the development of the nervous system, which in turn will help to find cures to various neural and other disorders. In nematodes there are two types of guidance systems, including DV and AP guidance. The signaling process that guides the growth cones along the DV axis has remained intact in both vertebrates and invertebrates. The adaptor protein UNC-53 appears to play a part in migration along the AP axis in both worms and their human homologs. “Neuron Navigators” (NAV) are also involved in nervous system development
The Role Of Unc 129 In Axon Guidance And Cell Migration During Caenorhabditis Elegans Development
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Author : Emily Michèle Beckett Sward
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
The Role Of Unc 129 In Axon Guidance And Cell Migration During Caenorhabditis Elegans Development written by Emily Michèle Beckett Sward and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
The UNC-6/netrin pathway plays an important role in cell migration and axon guidance. Ventral sources of UNC-6 guide axons from the ventral to dorsal surface by activating the repulsive UNC-5 receptor and UNC-40 co-receptor, and from dorsal to ventral by activating the attractive UNC-40 receptor. In C. elegans, UNC-129 is a TGF-beta family member expressed in dorsal body wall muscles and is thought to promote the interaction between UNC-5 and UNC-40 for long range repulsion away from ventral sources of UNC-6, while inhibiting UNC-5-alone function. The promotion of UNC-5+UNC-40 signaling could act to increase sensitivity where the UNC-6/netrin concentration is relatively low away from its source. unc-130 encodes a transcription factor that represses expression of unc-129 ventrally. In an unc-130(ev505) mutant, UNC-129 is ectopically expressed, effectively abolishing the gradient of UNC-129 causing migration and axon guidance defects. This project aims to provide better understanding of the UNC-129 pathway by 1) investigating potential UNC-129 receptors and 2) characterizing suppressors of ectopic UNC-129 function. PUR-7 is a candidate UNC-129 receptor discovered in silico that shares similarity to the extracellular domain of canonical TGF-beta receptors. A deletion of genomic DNA that deletes pur-7 and part of the neighbouring srd-4 gene enhances the distal tip cell migration and axon guidance defects of a hypomorphic unc-5 allele, and enhances the migration defects of the unc-130 mutant. Efforts to disentangle the genetic interaction of pur-7 from srd-4 were unfortunately not fruitful. The sup7-2 mutant suppresses distal tip cell migration defects in the unc-130(ev505) mutant, suggesting a role in the UNC-129 pathway. Using mapping and bioinformatical analysis, sup7-2 was located to a genomic region between 5-6 Mb on chromosome X. There are mutations in five candidate genes in this region: ifa-4, tbc-7, gakh-1, actl-1 and C03B1.1. RNAi knockdown of gakh-1 and tbc-7 have an effect on unc-130(ev505) DTC migration defects. Injection of fosmids containing tbc-7 rescue the suppression by sup7-2. Although tbc-7 is likely the sup-7-2 gene, both candidates have an effect on DTC migration and are of interest for future study.
Signaling Through Unc 34 And Was 1 In C Elegans
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Author : Neeraj Chugh
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
Signaling Through Unc 34 And Was 1 In C Elegans written by Neeraj Chugh and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with categories.
Posterior Migration Guidance In Caenorhabditis Elegans
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Author : Frederick William Wolf
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998
Posterior Migration Guidance In Caenorhabditis Elegans written by Frederick William Wolf and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with categories.
Cytoskeletal Signaling And The Regulation Of Attraction And Repulsive Axon Guidance In C Elegans
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Author : Timothy W. Yu
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001
Cytoskeletal Signaling And The Regulation Of Attraction And Repulsive Axon Guidance In C Elegans written by Timothy W. Yu and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with categories.
Regulation Of Neuronal Development By Wnt Signaling In The Nematode Caenorhabditis Elegans
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Author : Chun-Liang Pan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Regulation Of Neuronal Development By Wnt Signaling In The Nematode Caenorhabditis Elegans written by Chun-Liang Pan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with categories.
Coordinating Signaling Pathways Between Cell Types To Control Anterior Morphogenesis In C Elegans
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Author : Victoria Richard
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Coordinating Signaling Pathways Between Cell Types To Control Anterior Morphogenesis In C Elegans written by Victoria Richard and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with categories.
Morphogenesis is crucial for the development of tissues which must be coordinated to give rise to complex structures in the context of an organism. Mechanisms at the single cell, tissue and multi-tissue levels contribute to the complexities in studying morphogenesis. In C. elegans, prior studies uncovered mechanisms regulating epidermal and pharyngeal morphogenesis, but how these and other tissues are coordinated to give rise to the anterior lumen remained a black box. We characterized anterior morphogenesis to determine how the epidermal, pharyngeal and neuroblast (neuronal precursor) cells move and are positioned relative to one another, and to identify signaling events that regulate their coordination. We found that the first visible marker of the future anterior lumen are projections from the anterior-most pharyngeal cells (arcade cells) which form a stable rosette and express the polarity protein PAR-6. These projections are surrounded by subsets of polarized neuroblasts with PAR-6-enriched projections that organize into patterns forming two pentagons and a semi-circle. The anterior epidermal cells migrate toward the projections and ultimately join with the pharyngeal cells for their successful epithelialization. We found that the ventral epidermal cells migrate using F-actin-rich projections which come close to, but do not cross the semi-circle of foci suggesting that the cells corresponding to these foci provide guidance cues. Blocking neuroblast cell division and disrupting the patterns of polarized neuroblasts caused a decrease in the number of epidermal F-actin projections and delayed their migration. We propose that signals associated with the neuronal and/or glial cells control anterior epidermal cell migration. To identify these signals, we performed RNAi to several guidance cues and their receptors, and found that slit (slt-1) and sax/robo (sax-3) are required for neuroblast positioning and epidermal cell migration. This work provides new insights on the mechanisms underlying the multi-tissue cooperation required for successful anterior morphogenesis of C. elegans embryos.