Antimicrobial Resistance And Virulence Common Mechanisms

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Antimicrobial Resistance And Virulence Common Mechanisms

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Author : Etienne Giraud
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2017-06-01

Antimicrobial Resistance And Virulence Common Mechanisms written by Etienne Giraud and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-06-01 with categories.

Multiple relationships exist between antimicrobial resistance and bacterial virulence, and the spread of clones combining multiple antibiotic resistance and a high virulence level is an increasing problem. It was previously described how mutation-driven or horizontally acquired resistance mechanisms can also have effects on virulence. It was also reported that mobile genetic elements often carry both resistance determinants and virulence-modulating genes, which favors the co-selection of both traits. In the present volume, we present a collection of articles which document additional aspects of the interactions between antimicrobial resistance and virulence in bacteria, and describe their potential therapeutic consequences.

Evolution Of Genetic Mechanisms Of Antibiotic Resistance

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Author : Silvia Buroni
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2019-12-05

Evolution Of Genetic Mechanisms Of Antibiotic Resistance written by Silvia Buroni and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-12-05 with categories.

Since the first introduction of antibiotics into clinical practice, microbial drug resistance has emerged as a major obstacle in the treatment of infections. Recently, the combination of emergence of a complex variety of multidrug resistant strains and the dearth of newly discovered molecules to effectively target and eliminate these strains, has made antibiotic resistance one of the major public health problems of this century. Although different strategies can be adopted to contain the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance, including (i) antimicrobial stewardship, (ii) infection control, and (iii) tighter control over the use of antibiotics in agriculture and breeding, a better understanding of the dynamics that lead to the evolution of antibiotic resistance remains essential for the development of more efficient strategies to combat this phenomenon. The recent developments in genomics have greatly contributed to expand our knowledge on the mechanisms of microbial resistance, and of the processes by which they emerge, develop and spread. Different approaches and expertise can be used to accelerate advances in this area, ranging from clinical studies on the evolution of resistance in vivo, to theoretical modeling and the study of evolution in the laboratory.

Bacterial Survival In The Hostile Environment

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Author : Ashutosh Kumar
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2022-09-28

Bacterial Survival In The Hostile Environment written by Ashutosh Kumar and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-09-28 with Science categories.

Variety of bacteria are present in our environment but only a few of these bacteria causes diseases in their hosts including humans. These bacteria face different stresses in the environment as well as inside the host and adapt number of strategies for their survival. In 5 parts Bacterial Survival in the Hostile Environment covers all tactics and strategies adopted by bacteria for their survival under stressed conditions and will be focused on mechanistic insights of pathogenic adaptations to host environments (acidic environment, microaerobic conditions, immune system stress, metal stress etc., modulation of host pathways by pathogens for survival, dormancy, drug tolerance and resistance, proteins for stress survival). The content also includes different adaptation mechanisms of extremophiles to extreme environment, provides a complete and globally available advance knowledge related to bacterial survival from different perspectives and reviews the knowledge gaps and future prospects in the field of microbial adaptation for sustainable development of in the field of infection biology and pharmaceutics. - Provides in depth knowledge about pathogen biology and microbial adaptations, microbe-host interactions, impact of pathogens on host physiology, virulent factors produced by pathogens and pharmaceutical applications, mechanism of pathogenic virulent factors - Covers all tactics and strategies adopted by bacteria for their survival under stressed conditions - Focuses on mechanistic insights of pathogenic adaptations to host - Includes different adaptation mechanisms of extremophiles to extreme environment

Antimicrobial Therapy In Veterinary Medicine

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Author : Patricia M. Dowling
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2025-01-15

Antimicrobial Therapy In Veterinary Medicine written by Patricia M. Dowling and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-01-15 with Medical categories.

Provides a comprehensive, fully updated reference book to the general principles and clinical applications of antimicrobials in veterinary medicine The sixth edition of Antimicrobial Therapy in Veterinary Medicine has been updated to reflect advances in the field, including new international contributors and a broader global outlook. It includes extensive knowledge of both general principles of mechanisms of antimicrobial drug action including specific classes of antimicrobial agents, as well as chapters dedicated to antimicrobial drug use in a wide range of animal species. As antimicrobial resistance increases as a major global issue in both human and animal health, this book’s renewed focus on antimicrobial stewardship in companion animals, in food animals, and on global aspects keeps it at the forefront of this vital field. The Sixth Edition of this classic text offers: Updates to every chapter, reflecting new developments and research, with a complete examination of the issues associated with antimicrobial resistance A comprehensive reference for all aspects of antimicrobial use in veterinary medicine, encompassing theory and practice A global perspective on antimicrobial therapy, with more international content than previous editions A stronger emphasis on antimicrobial stewardship, with practical guidance for prescribing antimicrobial drugs A companion website with tables and figures from the book available for download Antimicrobial Therapy in Veterinary Medicine is an essential and accessible resource for veterinarians, veterinary students, scientists, and professionals in veterinary medicine and antimicrobial research and stewardship.

High Level Antimicrobial Resistance Or Hypervirulence In Emerging And Re Emerging Super Bug Foodborne Pathogens Detection Mechanism And Dissemination From Omics Insights

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Author : Yujie Hu
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2024-09-30

High Level Antimicrobial Resistance Or Hypervirulence In Emerging And Re Emerging Super Bug Foodborne Pathogens Detection Mechanism And Dissemination From Omics Insights written by Yujie Hu and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-09-30 with Science categories.

With the expansion of the breeding production scale and the development of the food industry, the prevalence of foodborne pathogens and subsequent problems including food poisoning and antimicrobial resistance (AMR), contribute much to the global disease burden, leading to the serious health hazard and major economic losses around the world, and foodborne disease has become one of the most challenging issues to public health. The most common pathogens spreading foodborne diseases in humans include but are not limited to Salmonella, Campylobacter, Clostridium, Cronobacter, pathogenic Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Bacillus cereus, Yersinia enterocolitica, etc. These pathogens contaminate various types of foods throughout the food chain including cereal, vegetable, fruit, meat, dairy, and aquatic products in entire proceedings from farmland to fork and disseminate AMR and virulence. In this process, some clinically important antimicrobial-resistant pathogens, such as carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE), colistin-resistant or tigecycline-resistant bacteria have spread so quickly that they could be found emerging in clinical hospitals, agricultural farmlands, foods, food animals, environments and also humans/animals guts, in the meantime, super-bug foodborne pathogens with high-level AMR or hypervirulence has been disclosed emerging or re-emerging in more and more publications. Omics techniques including genomics, proteomics, transcriptomics, and metabonomics have greatly improved our understanding of the mechanisms of foodborne pathogens in terms of their AMR and pathogenesis. Simultaneously, an integrated multi-disciplinary “One Health” approach has been used for widespread and sustained surveillance of foodborne pathogens, based on a multi-sectoral collaboration framework, to mitigate and prevent the threats of pathogens of animal-, human-, environment- and food- origins. Though a large number of foodborne pathogen isolates were collected with unfolded phenotypic characteristics as the phase goals for surveillance work, it is still far from clearly exploring how many super-bugs there were, why they were so resistant or hypervirulent, where they came from, how they disseminated, how the mechanisms transmitted and evolved, and what the potential hazards were, etc. We need more intensive and compelling evidence, explanation, and interpretation. This Research Topic aims to provide a platform for recent discoveries and the latest progress in detection, mechanism, and dissemination from Omics insights with regards to the emerging or re-emerging foodborne pathogens with high-level AMR (Multi-drug resistant/Extensively-drug resistant/Pan-drug resistant, MDR/XDR/PDR) or hypervirulence, to increase the understanding of these superbugs, to track their sources, to discover the mechanisms that make them super, and to uncover the dissemination along the animal-food-human chain based on big data, and to assess the human health risks by uptaking them. Emergence, mechanism, and dissemination of them via the food chain by using the application of Omics-based technologies would be of particular interest for this topic. This Research Topic welcomes authors worldwide to contribute any article types like Original Research, Review & Mini-Review, Methods, Hypothesis and Theory, and Perspectives related to this topic, especially for some rare or unusual isolates with extreme importance and significance. Themes in the Research Topic include but are not limited to the sub-topics we suggested below: 1. Detection, prevalence, phenotypic characterizations, risk assessment, and regional or long-term surveillance of the “super-bug” foodborne pathogens; 2. Mechanisms (especially novel mechanisms) explanation/exploration or drug target development using Omics-based technologies and bioinformatics analysis; 3. Regionally or global dissemination of “super-bug” foodborne pathogen clones or relevant determinants especially mobile genetic elements (MGEs); 4. Current advances in the novel and instant detection method/models or method comparison report for the pathogenicity phenotype of the foodborne pathogens; 5. Any pathogen/disease prevention control and clinical treatment management developed to oppose the “super-bug” foodborne pathogen, like the gut microbiota approach, etc. Please note that Frontiers in Microbiology does not accept Case Reports, Clinical Trials, and Systematic Reviews, hence Frontiers in Public Health is a better option. Conflict of Interest: Dr. Scott Van Nguyen works for ATCC. All other topic editors declare no conflict of interest.

Handbook On Antimicrobial Resistance

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Author : Mukteswar Prasad Mothadaka
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-07-18

Handbook On Antimicrobial Resistance written by Mukteswar Prasad Mothadaka and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-07-18 with Medical categories.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global public health threat. The menace of antimicrobial resistance is present across health, animal, agriculture, food, and environment sectors. It, therefore, requires an inter-disciplinary combat approach- the one health approach, envisaged by the FAO-UNEP-WHO-WOAH Quadripartite (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the UN Environment Programme (UNEP), the World Health Organization (WHO) and the World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH). This comprehensive reference book provides a thorough understanding of antimicrobial resistance across different sectors. It presents deep insights and gives a global perspective on antimicrobial resistance for policymakers. The book offers essential and up-to-date information that enables researchers from multiple fields to design research on antimicrobial resistance. The book discusses molecular mechanisms and antibiotic resistance genes of significant antimicrobial-resistant pathogens, regulatory frameworks available worldwide, and mitigation strategies across the sectors, including probiotics, prebiotics, antimicrobial peptides, bacteriophages, phytochemical compounds, immunostimulants, vaccines, bacteriocins, etc. It compiles essays from leading experts in the field of antimicrobial resistance research. The book is meant for students and researchers in microbiology, medical microbiology, and public health. It is also helpful for clinicians and policymakers.

Host Response Mechanisms In Infectious Diseases

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Author : Heiko Herwald
language : en
Publisher: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
Release Date : 2003

Host Response Mechanisms In Infectious Diseases written by Heiko Herwald and has been published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Medical categories.

The last decade of intensive research in the field of infectious diseases has resulted in a better conceptual understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind the host-parasite interactions that lead to establishment and progression of the disease. However, with the discovery of an increasing number of species-specific virulence mechanisms and novel host defense strategies, the picture is becoming more and more complex. This volume of the book series Contributions to Microbiology presents a number of selected articles dealing with bacterial and viral pathogens and the resulting host response to infection with these microorganisms. As novel therapeutic anti-bacterial and anti-viral strategies are primarily focused on significant pathophysiological mechanisms, this publication will not only attract the interest of scientific and medical professionals, but will also be of importance for students in the field of microbiology, infectious diseases, cell biology and immunology.

Antimicrobial Resistance In Foodborne Pathogens Ecology Epidemiology And Mechanisms

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Author : Jing Wang
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-08-04

Antimicrobial Resistance In Foodborne Pathogens Ecology Epidemiology And Mechanisms written by Jing Wang and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-08-04 with Science categories.

Pathogenicity And Drug Resistance Of Human Pathogens

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Author : Saif Hameed
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-01-23

Pathogenicity And Drug Resistance Of Human Pathogens written by Saif Hameed and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-01-23 with Medical categories.

The book comprehensively discusses the mechanisms of pathogenesis and drug resistance; current diagnostics landscape of four key human pathogens; bacterial, fungal, protozoans and viral which are the causes of major infectious diseases. It also assesses the emerging technologies for the detection and quantification of these pathogens. Further, it discusses the novel opportunities to fight against these infectious diseases and to identify pertinent drug targets with novel methodologies. It also reviews the current and future insights into the control, elimination, and eradication of these infectious diseases. Importantly, the book discusses the epidemiological characteristics and various challenges in combating Ebola and Influenza diseases. Finally, the book highlights the growing role of nanotechnology and bioinformatics resources for combating the infectious diseases. In summary, the book provides the mechanistic insight of the pathogenicity, drug-resistance, therapeutic strategies and identification of the novel drug targets of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Plasmodium, Candida, Hepatitis C and emerging viral infections.

Molecular Mechanisms Of Microbial Evolution

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Author : Pabulo H. Rampelotto
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-10-12

Molecular Mechanisms Of Microbial Evolution written by Pabulo H. Rampelotto and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-10-12 with Science categories.

One of the most profound paradigms that have transformed our understanding about life over the last decades was the acknowledgement that microorganisms play a central role in shaping the past and present environments on Earth and the nature of all life forms. Each organism is the product of its history and all extant life traces back to common ancestors, which were microorganisms. Nowadays, microorganisms represent the vast majority of biodiversity on Earth and have survived nearly 4 billion years of evolutionary change. Microbial evolution occurred and continues to take place in a great variety of environmental conditions. However, we still know little about the processes of evolution as applied to microorganisms and microbial populations. In addition, the molecular mechanisms by which microorganisms communicate/interact with each other and with multicellular organisms remains poorly understood. Such patterns of microbe-host interaction are essential to understand the evolution of microbial symbiosis and pathogenesis.Recent advances in DNA sequencing, high-throughput technologies, and genetic manipulation systems have enabled studies that directly characterize the molecular and genomic bases of evolution, producing data that are making us change our view of the microbial world. The notion that mutations in the coding regions of genomes are, in combination with selective forces, the main contributors to biodiversity needs to be re-examined as evidence accumulates, indicating that many non-coding regions that contain regulatory signals show a high rate of variation even among closely related organisms. Comparative analyses of an increasing number of closely related microbial genomes have yielded exciting insight into the sources of microbial genome variability with respect to gene content, gene order and evolution of genes with unknown functions. Furthermore, laboratory studies (i.e. experimental microbial evolution) are providing fundamental biological insight through direct observation of the evolution process. They not only enable testing evolutionary theory and principles, but also have applications to metabolic engineering and human health. Overall, these studies ranging from viruses to Bacteria to microbial Eukaryotes are illuminating the mechanisms of evolution at a resolution that Darwin, Delbruck and Dobzhansky could barely have imagined. Consequently, it is timely to review and highlight the progress so far as well as discuss what remains unknown and requires future research. This book explores the current state of knowledge on the molecular mechanisms of microbial evolution with a collection of papers written by authors who are leading experts in the field.