Antituberculosis Drugs
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Antituberculosis Drugs
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Author : Karl Bartmann
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-07
Antituberculosis Drugs written by Karl Bartmann and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-07 with Medical categories.
This volume deals specifically with those antituberculosis drugs which passed the preclinical phase and have been or are used in the treatment of tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases (except leprosy) in at least some parts of the world. Despite this restriction, there are 14 such drugs, and as a result this volume has reached rather large proportions. To prevent it from becoming even larger and more unwidely, most derivatives of antituberculotics have been omitted, especially where it is claimed that they provide only better bioavailibility or tolerability. Only in the chapter on the chemotherapy of diseases due to so-called atypical mycobacteria is the clinical use of the drugs described to a certain extent. In addition to antituberculotics, also discussed are antimicrobials which have been found to be effective against these mycobacteria. The sequence in which the drugs are described is historical, reflecting not the time of discovery but rather the first clinical application. This order was selected for reasons which are now no longer relevant. In this volume less emphasis is placed on detection, biological or synthetic production of antituberculotics, and structure-activity relationships. In contrast, emphasis is put on the degree, type, and mechanism of antimyco bacterial activity, pharmacokinetics, and biotransformation in animals and man, on experimental pharmacodynamics, and on the toxicity of antituberculotics used therapeutically.
Development Of New Antituberculosis Drugs
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Author : W. W. Yew
language : en
Publisher: Nova Publishers
Release Date : 2006
Development Of New Antituberculosis Drugs written by W. W. Yew and has been published by Nova Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Antitubercular agents categories.
In the global war to control tuberculosis (TB), there are several critical battles which must be waged and won if we are to make significant progress. Broadly speaking, these battlefields may be regarded as diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Within the arena of treatment are various critical elements. Current drug regimens require 6 months to achieve predictable cures; it is essential that shorter regimens be developed to lessen non-adherence and to improve affordability. To facilitate directly-observed therapy, intermittent (less than daily) regimens have been employed. To ensure favourable outcomes, including patients with AIDS, thrice-weekly regimens are the current standard; reducing the frequency of dosing to twice- or once-weekly may offer significant advantages. Drug resistance to the current major medications, the rifamycins and isoniazid, threatens to make tuberculosis untreatable for rising numbers of patients in many regions of the world. Finding new, effective agents is essential to ensure cures for these cases and to halt transmission of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis to others. Additional issues include reducing the side effects and toxicity of anti-tuberculosis regimens and developing regimens that can be given simultaneously with anti-retroviral therapy without deleterious drug-drug interactions or unacceptable toxicity. Finally, attention must be directed to the potential utility of treating latent infection to prevent the evolution of active disease. The current vaccine Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG), while protecting infants and children against potentially lethal forms of TB, has done little to control the incidence of communicable adult pulmonary disease. Research is underway to develop improved vaccines, but due to the prolonged period to determine the efficacy of a TB vaccine (a minimum of 10 to 20 years) -- alternative strategies must be pursued. Furthermore, the utility of a traditional vaccine would be sorely limited by the fact that roughly two billion persons today harbour latent tuberculosis infection. This huge reservoir of future disease would not be eligible for a traditional pre-infection vaccine. "Preventive therapy" with isoniazid has been shown to reduce the subsequent risk of tuberculosis by about 70% in large, randomised placebo-controlled clinical trials. However, this strategy is limited by the requirement for extended duration of treatment (6 to 9 months), the risks of drug-induced hepatitis and rising rates of resistance to isoniazid in many regions of the world where the TB epidemic is most intense. Alternative means for the treatment of latent tuberculosis infection should be given high priority. The authors have assembled an outstanding panel of contributors to address these issues. The topics herein have great relevance both in the industrialised nations where contemporary medications and strategies appear to have exacted their maximum benefits and for the developing nations where this ancient scourge remains rampant. This book will provide an impetus for authorities and organisations devoted to the development of new drugs to address the aforementioned growing problems of TB world-wide.
Antituberculosis Chemotherapy
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Author : P.R. Donald
language : en
Publisher: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
Release Date : 2011-09-07
Antituberculosis Chemotherapy written by P.R. Donald and has been published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-09-07 with Medical categories.
Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the major infectious diseases of mankind although drugs for its treatment have been available for nearly 60 years. The standard short-course 6-month regimen used since about 1980 has helped to save millions of lives, but co-infection with HIV has had a devastating effect on the epidemic, and multidrug-resistant TB is a growing problem, particularly in communities with a high incidence of HIV. Following the declaration by the WHO in the early 1990s that TB was a ‘global health emergency’, interest in TB research and the development of new drugs has increased significantly.This volume reviews anti-TB chemotherapy with the emphasis on the actions and pharmacology of existing drugs and the development and evaluation of new agents. A close look is taken at new research regarding our existing drugs by some of the best-known specialists in the field, and historical aspects of these agents are reviewed from a modern perspective. The prospects for the introduction of new drugs and different approaches of how to assess them in adults and in children are discussed in detail. Several papers address the problems associated with drug resistance, its spread and diagnosis.Compiled by two editors from Cape Town, which has a particularly high incidence of TB and is a centre of tuberculosis research, this publication is an indispensable reference for anyone involved in the management of TB either as a researcher, clinician or administrator, and those working in drug development.
Antituberculosis Drugs
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Author : Karl Bartmann
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1987-11-30
Antituberculosis Drugs written by Karl Bartmann and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987-11-30 with categories.
This volume represents the first comprehensive review of the preclinical evaluation of all 14 antituberculosis drugs which have come into clinical use from the beginnings of antituberculosis chemotherapy to the present. The following topics are dealt with exhaustively for each drug: chemical properties; experimental activity in vitro in cells, and in animals; type and mechanism of action; experimental pharmacology and toxicology; and pharmacokinetics in animals and man. The experimental aspects of the combined use of antituberculotics, which is essential for the success of treatment in human tuberculosis, are described in full. A special chapter is devoted to the use of antituberculotics and other antimicrobial agents in the experimental and clinical chemotherapy of mycobacterioses due to socalled atypical mycobacteria.
Adverse Reactions To Antituberculosis Drugs
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Author : Rafael Laniado-Laborín
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022-04
Adverse Reactions To Antituberculosis Drugs written by Rafael Laniado-Laborín and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-04 with categories.
Globally, tuberculosis (TB) is one of the top 10 causes of death, the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent, and the leading cause of death among subjects living with the human immunodeficiency virus. Since it practically affects all the organs and tissues of the body, it is of vital importance that all health personnel know the fundamental principles for the treatment of this disease and the complications that might arise from the use of multidrug treatment regimens. The treatment of TB requires the use of multiple drugs for long periods. However, most patients will experience some difficulty tolerating them at some point. This book is a practical clinical guide aimed at health personnel who need to treat patients with tuberculosis. It includes a detailed description of the adverse effects of drugs on the different systems of the body and the therapeutic strategies for their management.
Treatment Of Tuberculosis
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Author : World Health Organization
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
Treatment Of Tuberculosis written by World Health Organization and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Antitubercular agents categories.
Guidelines For The Management Of Drug Resistant Tuberculosis
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Author : John Crofton
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997
Guidelines For The Management Of Drug Resistant Tuberculosis written by John Crofton and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Antitubercular agents categories.
Report Of The Meeting To Review The Paediatric Antituberculosis Drug Optimization Priority List
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date : 2021-03-25
Report Of The Meeting To Review The Paediatric Antituberculosis Drug Optimization Priority List written by and has been published by World Health Organization this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-03-25 with Medical categories.
The Paediatric Antituberculosis Drug Optimization (PADO-TB) meetings provide a forum for clinicians, researchers, financial and technical partners and other relevant key stakeholders to work together, to ensure that priority optimal paediatric formulations of TB medicines are investigated, developed and made available to children in a timely manner. After the first meeting (PADO-TB1) in February 2019, WHO hosted an interim review of the PADO-TB1 priorities. The review considered the latest WHO recommendations and other relevant developments since February 2019, such as results of clinical trials, results of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics studies, new formulations available and advancements of key drugs in the TB research and development pipeline. The 4.5-hour virtual review was attended by more than 50 experts including clinicians, researchers, representatives of national TB programmes (NTPs) from high TB burden countries, community representatives, financial and technical partners, members of the Child and Adolescent TB Working Group and representatives from various international agencies, including WHO. This report summarizes the main developments presented for various TB medicines and the decisions taken with regard to the PADO-TB priority list.
Tuberculosis Treatment The Search For New Drugs
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Author : Marcus V.N. de Souza
language : en
Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers
Release Date : 2013-11-21
Tuberculosis Treatment The Search For New Drugs written by Marcus V.N. de Souza and has been published by Bentham Science Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-21 with Medical categories.
Despite the high impact on human health caused by Tuberculosis (TB) infections worldwide, nearly 45 years have passed since a novel drug was introduced for its treatment. As MDR-TB and XDR-TB cases rise globally new strategies and drugs are desperately needed to address this problem. Tuberculosis Treatment: The Search For New Drugs covers a wide range of topics about TB drug discovery. The e-book begins with historical information about Tuberculosis discovery and treatment and explores modern treatment strategies, formulations (synthetic and natural) and class of compounds. The extraction of important drugs from various sources is also covered in separate chapters along with information about promising drugs undergoing clinical testing. The e-book is a useful reference for readers interested in learning about the array of pharmaceuticals discovered and used to combat Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections.
Guidelines For The Programmatic Management Of Drug Resistant Tuberculosis
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Author : World Health Organization
language : en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date : 2008
Guidelines For The Programmatic Management Of Drug Resistant Tuberculosis written by World Health Organization and has been published by World Health Organization this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Business & Economics categories.
The emergence of extensively drug-resistant strains of tuberculosis, especially in countries with a high prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, is a serious threat to global public health and jeopardizes efforts to effectively control the disease. This publication offers updated recommendations for the diagnosis and management of drug-resistant tuberculosis in a variety of geographical, economic and social settings, and the recording of data that enables the monitoring and evaluation of programs.--Publisher's description.