Aseptic Loosening Of Orthopedic Implants

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Aseptic Loosening Of Orthopedic Implants

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Author : Mehdi Amirhosseini
language : en
Publisher: Linköping University Electronic Press
Release Date : 2019-05-24

Aseptic Loosening Of Orthopedic Implants written by Mehdi Amirhosseini and has been published by Linköping University Electronic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-05-24 with categories.

Aseptic loosening is the main cause of failure of orthopedic prostheses. With no pharmaceuticals to prevent or mitigate periprosthetic bone degradation, a surgery to replace the loose implant with a new one is the only choice to restore patients’ function. Most studies on mechanisms for aseptic loosening investigate wear debris particle-induced osteolysis. However, pathological loading conditions around unstable implants can also trigger osteoclast differentiation and bone loss. In the first study, global gene expression changes induced by mechanical instability of implants, and by titanium particles were compared in a validated rat model for aseptic loosening. Microarray analysis showed that similar signaling pathways and gene expression patterns are involved in particle- and instability-induced periprosthetic osteolysis with an early onset innate immune response as a hallmark of osteolysis induced by mechanical instability. Further, effects of potential therapeutics on restriction of excessive osteoclast differentiation were evaluated. Wnt signaling pathway is known to regulate bone remodeling. In the second study, effects of inactivation of glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK-3?), a negative regulator of canonical Wnt signaling, on instability-induced periprosthetic osteolysis were examined using our rat model for aseptic loosening. Inhibition of GSK-3? led to a decrease in osteoclast numbers in the periprosthetic bone tissue exposed to mechanical instability while osteoblast perimeter showed an increase. This was accompanied by higher bone volume fraction (BV/TV) in animals treated with the GSK-3? inhibitor. In the third study, potential beneficial effects of two selective inhibitors of cyclindependent kinase 8/19 (CDK8/19) on bone tissue were evaluated. CDK8/19 is a Mediator complex-associated transcriptional regulator involved in several signaling pathways. CDK8/19 inhibitors, mainly under investigation as treatments for tumors, are reported to enhance osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. We show in this study, for the first time, that inhibition of CDK8/19 led to marked suppression of osteoclast differentiation from bone marrow macrophages in vitro through disruption of the RANK signaling. In mouse primary osteoblasts downregulation of osteopontin mRNA, a negative regulator of mineralization, together with increased alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium deposition indicated that osteoblast mineralization was promoted by CDK8/19 inhibition. Moreover, local administration of a CDK8/19 inhibitor promoted cancellous bone regeneration in a rat model for bone healing. These studies contribute to better understanding of mechanisms behind mechanical instability-induced periprosthetic osteolysis and propose potential therapeutics to restrict bone loss with effects on both osteoclasts and osteoblasts.

Bone Implant Interface In Orthopedic Surgery

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Author : Theofilos Karachalios
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-11-19

Bone Implant Interface In Orthopedic Surgery written by Theofilos Karachalios and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-19 with Medical categories.

Total joint arthroplasty is an effective surgical procedure for end-stage osteoarthritis of major joints with satisfactory long term clinical outcome. A large and growing number of arthroplasties are performed annually worldwide and a great number of orthopaedic surgeons are practicing arthroplasty surgery as their main surgical activity. The biological behavior of the bone-implant interface is crucial for the long term survival of the artificial joint. All factors which have a positive or negative effect on the interface are of great interest for those practicing arthroplasty surgery. Basic scientists and the industry are continuously searching for new implant fixation mechanisms and improved materials. There is an accumulation of a great amount of basic science data (both biological, material and mechanical) related to the incorporation or loosening of the bone-implant interface. However, basic science data does not always translate to satisfactory clinical application, and orthopaedic practitioners often wonder which piece of information is clinically useful. A further problem is that basic scientists often speak their own scientific language and may not fully appreciate common clinical practice needs. In this textbook the biological and mechanical mechanisms of implant incorporation and loosening will be presented. All new data concerning materials and methods for incorporation enhancement will be critically analyzed. Data useful for clinical application will be stressed. Orthopaedic Surgeons will find information which will improve their clinical practice and basic scientists will be helped to understand and appreciate clinical needs.

Postgraduate Orthopaedics

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Author : Paul A. Banaszkiewicz
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2012-08-16

Postgraduate Orthopaedics written by Paul A. Banaszkiewicz and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-08-16 with Medical categories.

The must-have book for candidates preparing for the oral component of the FRCS (Tr and Orth).

Imaging Of Prosthetic Joints

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Author : Carlina V. Albanese
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-11-22

Imaging Of Prosthetic Joints written by Carlina V. Albanese and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-22 with Medical categories.

An increasing percentage of the population has at least one prosthetic joint. Imaging is required for both initial assessment and routine follow-up of the implant, and this book is intended as an informative and up-to-date guide to the subject. After an introductory section covering a range of background topics, the level of information offered by different imaging techniques in presurgical planning and postimplantation assessment is analyzed. The application of imaging to different joints is then carefully explored in chapters devoted to the foot and ankle, hip, knee, shoulder, and elbow, wrist and hand. In addition, two innovative chapters focus on periprosthetic DXA as the gold standard in monitoring implant survival and on the role of drug therapy in helping to ensure the durability of the prosthesis. A central feature of the book is its combination of the clinical and radiological perspectives; it will be of value to radiologists and orthopedic specialists, as well as residents in these disciplines.

Particulate Debris From Medical Implants

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Author : Kenneth R. St. John
language : en
Publisher: ASTM International
Release Date : 1992

Particulate Debris From Medical Implants written by Kenneth R. St. John and has been published by ASTM International this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Biological interfaces categories.

The proceedings of an October 1990 symposium in San Antonio held to address the problem of the release of particulate material debris from medical implants because of wear, physical deterioration, or the harsh chemical environment. Examines tissue responses to such debris in order to identify factors that might moderate it, such as implant material or design, or postoperatic drugs. Member price, $53. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Radiologic Guide To Orthopedic Devices

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Author : Tim B. Hunter
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2017-05-11

Radiologic Guide To Orthopedic Devices written by Tim B. Hunter and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-05-11 with Medical categories.

A comprehensive reference on radiologic appearance, uses and complications of orthopedic devices, for radiologists, orthopedists, physicians, and students.

Recent Advances In Arthroplasty

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Author : Samo Fokter
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2012-01-27

Recent Advances In Arthroplasty written by Samo Fokter and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-01-27 with Medical categories.

The purpose of this book was to offer an overview of recent insights into the current state of arthroplasty. The tremendous long term success of Sir Charnley's total hip arthroplasty has encouraged many researchers to treat pain, improve function and create solutions for higher quality of life. Indeed and as described in a special chapter of this book, arthroplasty is an emerging field in the joints of upper extremity and spine. However, there are inborn complications in any foreign design brought to the human body. First, in the chapter on infections we endeavor to provide a comprehensive, up-to-date analysis and description of the management of this difficult problem. Second, the immune system is faced with a strange material coming in huge amounts of micro-particles from the tribology code. Therefore, great attention to the problem of aseptic loosening has been addressed in special chapters on loosening and on materials currently available for arthroplasty.

Titanium Alloys

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Author : Jan Sieniawski
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2013-05-15

Titanium Alloys written by Jan Sieniawski and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-05-15 with Technology & Engineering categories.

The book contains six chapters and covers topics dealing with biomedical applications of titanium alloys, surface treatment, relationships between microstructure and mechanical and technological properties, and the effect of radiation on the structure of the titanium alloys.

Joint Replacement Technology

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Author : Peter A. Revell
language : en
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
Release Date : 2021-07-28

Joint Replacement Technology written by Peter A. Revell and has been published by Woodhead Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-07-28 with Technology & Engineering categories.

The third edition of Joint Replacement Technology provides a thoroughly updated review of recent developments in joint replacement technology. Joint replacement is a standard treatment for joint degradation and has improved the quality of life of millions of patients. Collaboration between clinicians and researchers is critical to its continued success and to meet the rising expectations of patients and surgeons.This edition covers a range of updated and new content, ranging from chapters on materials analysis and selection, to methodologies and techniques used for joint replacement and clinical challenges of replacing specific joints. Key topics include tribological considerations and experiments; challenges in joint bearing surfaces; cementless fixation techniques; healing responses to implants. Clinical challenges and perspectives are covered with the aid of case studies.Thanks to its widespread collaboration and international contributors, Joint Replacement Technology, Third Edition is useful for materials scientists and engineers in both academia and the biomedical industry. Chemists, clinicians, and other researchers in this area will also find this text invaluable. This third edition provides an updated comprehensive review of recent developments in joint replacement technology Reviews a range of specific joints, biological and mechanical issues and fixation techniques Includes revised and new content, such as sections on regulatory affairs, AI techniques and 3D printing

Complications After Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty

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Author : Matthew P. Abdel
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-08-03

Complications After Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty written by Matthew P. Abdel and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-08-03 with Medical categories.

Covering both acute post-operative and chronic complications following total hip arthroplasty (THA), this comprehensive clinical guide provides diagnostic and management strategies and techniques for orthopedic surgeons at every level. Utilizing a case-based approach, each condition is discussed in terms of its epidemiology, risk factors, and preventative measures, with a brief literature review providing evidence for the diagnosis and treatment each author selects. The first section covers acute post-operative complications, discussing peripheral nerve and vascular injuries, periprosthetic fractures and infections as well as thromboembolic events. The second section covers chronic complications including the more common complications such as recurrent dislocation and infection as well as rarer complications such as pelvic discontinuity. Aimed at the most efficient management of these often complicated conditions, Complications after Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty is a practical resource for orthopedic surgeons, residents and fellows working with patients having undergone hip replacement surgery.