Assertion And Conditionals
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Assertion And Conditionals
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Author : Anthony Appiah
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1985-09-19
Assertion And Conditionals written by Anthony Appiah and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1985-09-19 with Mathematics categories.
This book develops in detail the simple idea that assertion is the expression of belief. In it the author puts forward a version of 'probabilistic semantics' which acknowledges that we are not perfectly rational, and which offers a significant advance in generality on theories of meaning couched in terms of truth conditions. It promises to challenge a number of entrenched and widespread views about the relations of language and mind. Part I presents a functionalist account of belief, worked through a modified form of decision theory. In Part II the author generates a theory of meaning in terms of 'assertibility conditions', whereby to know the meaning of an assertion is to know the belief it expresses.
Knowledge And Conditionals
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Author : Robert C. Stalnaker
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2019-06-27
Knowledge And Conditionals written by Robert C. Stalnaker and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-06-27 with Philosophy categories.
Robert C. Stalnaker presents a set of essays on the structure of inquiry. In the first part he focuses on the concepts of knowledge, belief, and partial belief, and on the rules and procedures we use - or ought to use - to determine what to believe, and what to claim that we know. In the second part he examines conditional statements and conditional beliefs, their role in epistemology, and their relations to causal and explanatory concepts, such as dispositions, objective chance, relations of dependence, and independence. A central concern of the book is the interaction of different cognitive perspectives - the ways in which the attitudes of rational agents are or should be influenced by critical reflection on their present cognitive situation, on their own cognitive situations at other times, and on the cognitive situations of others with whom they interact. The general picture that is developed is naturalistic, following Hume in rejecting a substantive role for pure reason in the defense of inductive rules, and in giving causal concepts a central role in the description and explanation of our cognitive practices. However, Stalnaker rejects the side of Hume that aims to reduce concepts involving natural necessity to more basic descriptive concepts. Instead, he argues that the development of inductive rules and practices takes place in interaction with the development of concepts for giving a theoretical description of the world.
Conditionals Paradox And Probability
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Author : Lee Walters
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2021-02-11
Conditionals Paradox And Probability written by Lee Walters and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-02-11 with Philosophy categories.
Conditionals, Paradox, and Probability brings together fifteen original essays by experts in philosophy and linguistics. These specially written chapters draw on themes from the work of Dorothy Edgington, the first woman to hold a chair in philosophy at the University of Oxford. The contributors to this volume focus on the key topics to which Edgington has made many important contributions, including conditionals, vagueness, the paradox of knowability, and probability. Their insights will be of interest to philosophers, linguists, and psychologists working in philosophical logic, natural language semantics, and reasoning.
Reasoning With Attitude
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Author : Luca Incurvati
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2023-12-15
Reasoning With Attitude written by Luca Incurvati and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-12-15 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Certain combinations of sounds or signs on paper are meaningful. What makes it the case that, unlike most combinations of sounds or signs, they have meaning? What is this meaning that they have? And what is it to understand this meaning? The traditional answers to these questions are based on the idea that words stand for something, but it is difficult to say what words such as good, if, or probable stand for. This book advances novel answers based on the idea that words get their meaning from the way they are used to express states of mind and what follows from them. It articulates a precise version of this idea, at a time when the shortcomings of the traditional answers are hotly discussed.
Epistemic Modality
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Author : Andy Egan
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2011-06-23
Epistemic Modality written by Andy Egan and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-06-23 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
There's a lot we don't know, which means that there are a lot of possibilities that are, epistemically speaking, open. What these epistemic possibilities are, and how we understand the semantics of epistemic modals, are explored here through a variety of philosophical approaches.
Semantics Noun Phrases And Verb Phrases
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Author : Paul Portner
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2019-02-19
Semantics Noun Phrases And Verb Phrases written by Paul Portner and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-19 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Gain a deeper understanding of essential research on the semantics of noun phrases and verb phrases. Clear explanations of significant recent research bring complex issues to life, with expert guidance on topics of debate within the field. The book gives readers valuable insights into topics such as definiteness, specificity, genericity aspect, aktionsart and mood. It also discusses directions for future research. Written by a world-class team of authors, these highly cited articles are here in paperback for the first time since their original publication. An essential reference for researchers in the area.
New Frontiers In Artificial Intelligence
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Author : Setsuya Kurahashi
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-07-05
New Frontiers In Artificial Intelligence written by Setsuya Kurahashi and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-05 with Computers categories.
This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the JSAI-isAI 2016 Workshops, LENLS 13, HAT-MASH, AI-Biz, JURISIN and SKL, held in Kanagawa, Japan, in November 1016. The 22 regular papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 64 submissions. LENLS 13 was the 13th event in the series, and it focused on the formal and theoretical aspects of natural language. LENLS (Logic and Engineering of Natural Language Semantics) is an annual international workshop recognized internationally in the formal syntax-semantics-pragmatics community. It has been bringing together for discussion and interdisciplinary communication researchers working on formal theories of natural language syntax, semantics and pragmatics, (formal) philosophy, artificial intelligence and computational linguistics. HAT-MASH 2016 (Healthy Aging Tech mashup service, data and people) was the second international workshop bridges healthy aging and elderly care technology, information technology and service engineering. The main objective of this workshop was to provide a forum to discuss important research questions and practical challenges in healthy aging and elderly care support to promote transdisciplinary approaches. AI-Biz 2016 (Artificial Intelligence of and for Business) was the first workshop held to foster the concepts and techniques of Business Intelligence (BI) in Artificial Intelligence. BI should include such cutting-edge techniques as data science, agent-based modelling, complex adaptive systems, and IoT. The main purpose of this workshop is to provide a forum to discuss important research questions and practical challenges in Business Intelligence, Business Informatics, Data Analysis and Agent-based Modelling to exchange latest results, to join efforts in solving the common challenges. JURISIN 2016 was the tenth international workshop on Juris-informatics. Juris-informatics is a new research area which studies legal issues from the perspective of informatics. The purpose of this workshop was to discuss both the fundamental and practical issues among people from the various backgrounds such as law, social science, information and intelligent technology, logic and philosophy, including the conventional “AI and law” area. SKL 2016 (The Third International Workshop on Skill Science) was aimed to internationalize the research on skill sciences through organizing the meeting. Human skills involve well-attuned perception and fine motor control, often accompanied by thoughtful planning. The involvement of body, environment, and tools mediating them makes the study of skills unique among researches of human intelligence.
Medieval Formal Logic
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Author : Mikko Yrjönsuuri
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-09
Medieval Formal Logic written by Mikko Yrjönsuuri and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-09 with Philosophy categories.
Central topics in medieval logic are here treated in a way that is congenial to the modern reader, without compromising historical reliability. The achievements of medieval logic are made available to a wider philosophical public then the medievalists themselves. The three genres of logica moderna arising in a later Middle Ages are covered: obligations, insolubles and consequences - the first time these have been treated in such a unified way. The articles on obligations look at the role of logical consistence in medieval disputation techniques. Those on insolubles concentrate on medieval solutions to the Liar Paradox. There is also a systematic account of how medieval authors described the logical content of an inference, and how they thought that the validity of an inference could be guaranteed.
Meaning In Dialogue
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Author : James Trafford
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-10-24
Meaning In Dialogue written by James Trafford and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-10-24 with Philosophy categories.
This book argues for a view in which processes of dialogue and interaction are taken to be foundational to reasoning, logic, and meaning. This is both a continuation, and a substantial modification, of an inferentialist approach to logic. As such, the book not only provides a critical introduction to the inferentialist view, but it also provides an argument that this shift in perspective has deep and foundational consequences for how we understand the nature of logic and its relationship with meaning and reasoning. This has been upheld by several technical results, including, for example a novel approach to logical paradox and logical revision, and an account of the internal justification of logical rules. The book shows that inferentialism is greatly strengthened, such that it can answer the most stringent criticisms of the view. This leads to a view of logic that emphasizes the dynamics of reasoning, provides a novel account of the justification and normativity of logical rules, thus leading to a new, attractive approach to the foundations of logic. The book addresses readers interested in philosophy of language, philosophical and mathematical logic, theories of reasoning, and also those who actively engage in current debates involving, for example, logical revision, and the relationship between logic and reasoning, from advanced undergraduates, to professional philosophers, mathematicians, and linguists.
Logica Magna
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Author : George Edward Hughes
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 1990
Logica Magna written by George Edward Hughes and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with History categories.
Paul of Venice's "Logica Magna" is a lengthy and elaborate work on logic, written in the 1390s. It displays an encyclopaedic knowledge of the views of Paul's contemporaries and predecessors, and also advances detailed arguments for all his own opinions about nearly all of the issues discussed by 14th-century logicians. It is therefore a major source of information about the development of medieval logic. The present volume contains a text and translation of the chapters which deal with conditional propositions and inferences. Detailed notes are designed to make Paul's terminology and background ideas and assumptions more accessible to modern readers, and to analyze his arguments. An appendix contains substantial extracts from the writings of two 14th-century logicians, Ralph Strode and John Venator, of whose works Paul makes extensive use in this part of the "Logica Magna".