Associative Learning And Conditioning Theory
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Associative Learning And Conditioning Theory
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Author : Todd R Schachtman PhD
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2011-06-03
Associative Learning And Conditioning Theory written by Todd R Schachtman PhD and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-06-03 with Psychology categories.
Although many professionals in psychology (including the sub-disciplines of human learning and memory, clinical practice related to psychopathology, neuroscience, educational psychology and many other areas) no longer receive training in learning and conditioning, the influence of this field remains strong. Therefore, many researchers and clinicians have little knowledge about basic learning theory and its current applications beyond their own specific research topic. The primary purpose of the present volume is to highlight ways in which basic learning principles, methodology, and phenomena underpin, and indeed guide, contemporary translational research. With contributions from a distinguished collection of internationally renowned scholars, this 23-chapter volume contains specific research issues but is also broad in scope, covering a variety of topics in which associative learning and conditioning theory apply, such as drug abuse and addiction, anxiety, fear and pain research, advertising, attribution processes, acquisition of likes and dislikes, social learning, psychoneuroimmunology, and psychopathology (e.g., autism, depression, helplessness and schizophrenia). This breadth is captured in the titles of the three major sections of the book: Applications to Clinical Pathology; Applications to Health and Addiction; Applications to Cognition, Social Interaction and Motivation. The critically important phenomena and methodology of learning and conditioning continue to have a profound influence on theory and clinical concerns related to the mechanisms of memory, cognition, education, and pathology of emotional and consummatory disorders. This volume is expected to have the unique quality of serving the interests of many researchers, educators and clinicians including, for example, neuroscientists, learning and conditioning researchers, psychopharmacologists, clinical psychopathologists, and practitioners in the medical field.
Individual Differences In Associative Learning
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Author : Robin A. Murphy
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2014-09-24
Individual Differences In Associative Learning written by Robin A. Murphy and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-09-24 with Psychology categories.
Theories of associative learning have a long history in advancing the psychological account of behavior via cognitive representation. There are many components and variations of associative theory but at the core is the idea that links or connections between stimuli or responses describe important aspects of our psychological experience. This Frontiers Topic considers how variations in association formation can be used to account for differences between people, elaborating the differences between males and females, differences over the life span, understanding of psychopathologies or even across cultural contexts. A recent volume on the application of learning theory to clinical psychology is one example of this emerging application (e.g., Hazelgrove & Hogarth, 2012). The task for students of learning has been the development, often with mathematically defined explanations, of the parameters and operators that determine the formation and strengths of associations. The ultimate goal is to explain how the acquired representations influence future behavior. This approach has recently been influential in the field of neuroscience where one such learning operator, the error correction principle, has unified the understanding of the conditions which facilitate neuron activation with the computational goals of the brain with properties of learning algorithms (e.g., Rescorla & Wagner, 1972). In this Frontiers Research Topic, we are interested in a similar but currently developing aspect to learning theory, which is the application of the associative model to our understanding of individual differences, including psychopathology. In general, learning theories are monolithic, the same theory applies to the rat and the human, and within people the same algorithm is applied to all individuals. If so this might be thought to suggest that there is little that learning theory can tell us about the how males and females differ, how we change over time or why someone develops schizophrenia for instance. However, these theories have wide scope for developing our understanding of when learning occurs and when it is interfered with, along with a variety of methods of predicting these differences. We received contributions from researchers studying individual differences, including sex differences, age related changes and those using analog or clinical samples of personality and psychopathological disorders where the outcomes of the research bear directly on theories of associative learning. This Research Topic brings together researchers studying basic learning and conditioning processes but in which the basic emotional, attentional, pathological or more general physiological differences between groups of people are modeled using associative theory. This work involves varying stimulus properties and temporal relations or modeling the differences between groups.
Perceptual And Associative Learning
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Author : Geoffrey Hall
language : en
Publisher: Clarendon Press
Release Date : 1991-11-28
Perceptual And Associative Learning written by Geoffrey Hall and has been published by Clarendon Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991-11-28 with Psychology categories.
Traditional theories of associative learning have found no place for the possibility that the way in which events are perceived might change as a result of experience. Evidence for the reality of perceptual learning has come from those studied by learning theorists. The work reviewed in this book shows that learned changes in perceptual organization can in fact be demonstrated, even in experiments using procedures (such as conditioning and simple discrimination learning) of the type on which associative theories have been based. These results come from procedures that have been the focus of detailed theoretical and empirical analysis; and from this analysis emerges an outline of the mechanisms responsible. Some of these are themselves associative; others require the addition of nonassociative mechanisms to the traditional theory. The result is an extended version of associative theory which, it is argued, will be relevant not only to the experimental procedures discussed in this book but to the entire range of instances of perceptual learning.
Conditioning And Associative Learning
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Author : Nicholas John Mackintosh
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 1983
Conditioning And Associative Learning written by Nicholas John Mackintosh and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1983 with Classical conditioning categories.
Recent innovations in the laboratory study of conditioning and learning in animals have prompted the author to reexamine such traditional topics as classical and instrumental conditioning, reward and punishment, avoidance learning, excitatory and inhibitory conditioning and discrimination learning.
Introduction To Psychology
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Author : Jennifer Walinga
language : en
Publisher: Hasanraza Ansari
Release Date :
Introduction To Psychology written by Jennifer Walinga and has been published by Hasanraza Ansari this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with Body, Mind & Spirit categories.
This book is designed to help students organize their thinking about psychology at a conceptual level. The focus on behaviour and empiricism has produced a text that is better organized, has fewer chapters, and is somewhat shorter than many of the leading books. The beginning of each section includes learning objectives; throughout the body of each section are key terms in bold followed by their definitions in italics; key takeaways, and exercises and critical thinking activities end each section.
Behavior Theory And Conditioning
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Author : Kenneth Wartenbee Spence
language : en
Publisher: Greenwood
Release Date : 1978
Behavior Theory And Conditioning written by Kenneth Wartenbee Spence and has been published by Greenwood this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1978 with Psychology categories.
Neural Plasticity And Memory
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Author : Federico Bermudez-Rattoni
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2007-04-17
Neural Plasticity And Memory written by Federico Bermudez-Rattoni and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-04-17 with Science categories.
A comprehensive, multidisciplinary review, Neural Plasticity and Memory: From Genes to Brain Imaging provides an in-depth, up-to-date analysis of the study of the neurobiology of memory. Leading specialists share their scientific experience in the field, covering a wide range of topics where molecular, genetic, behavioral, and brain imaging techniques have been used to investigate how cellular and brain circuits may be modified by experience. In each chapter, researchers present findings and explain their innovative methodologies. The book begins by introducing key issues and providing a historical overview of the field of memory consolidation. The following chapters review the putative genetic and molecular mechanisms of cell plasticity, elaborating on how experience could induce gene and protein expression and describing their role in synaptic plasticity underlying memory formation. They explore how putative modifications of brain circuits and synaptic elements through experience can become relatively permanent and hence improve brain function. Interdisciplinary reviews focus on how nerve cell circuitry, molecular expression, neurotransmitter release, and electrical activity are modified during the acquisition and consolidation of long-term memory. The book also covers receptor activation/deactivation by different neurotransmitters that enable the intracellular activation of second messengers during memory formation. It concludes with a summary of current research on the modulation and regulation that different neurotransmitters and stress hormones have on formation and consolidation of memory.
Occasion Setting
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Author : Nestor A. Schmajuk
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Occasion Setting written by Nestor A. Schmajuk and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with categories.
Recently, investigators have claimed that whereas in many Pavlovian conditioning paradigms a conditioned stimulus (CS) elicits a conditioned response (CR) because it signals the occurrence of an unconditioned stimulus, in other paradigms a CS elicits a CR because it sets the occasion for the responding produced by another CS. A group of experimental psychologists and theoreticians who authored the chapters in this book discuss the current status of data and theories concerning simple classical conditioning and occasion setting. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2004 APA, all rights reserved).
Contemporary Learning Theories
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Author : Stephen B. Klein
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2019-02-21
Contemporary Learning Theories written by Stephen B. Klein and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-21 with Psychology categories.
This unique two-volume set provides detailed coverage of contemporary learning theory. Uniting leading experts in modern behavioral theory, these texts give students a complete view of the field. Volume I details the complexities of Pavlovian conditioning and describes the current status of traditional learning theories. Volume II discusses several important facets of instrumental conditioning and presents comprehensive coverage of the role of inheritance on learning. A strong and complete base of knowledge concerning learning theories, these volumes are ideal reference sources for advanced students and professionals in experimental psychology, learning and learning theory, and comparative physiology.
New Directions In Human Associative Learning
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Author : Andy J. Wills
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2005-01-15
New Directions In Human Associative Learning written by Andy J. Wills and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-01-15 with Psychology categories.
The editor and authors of this book present a synthesis of work on human associative learning, tracing some of its historical roots but concentrating mainly on recent developments. It is divided into three sections: an introduction to the recent data and controversies in the study of human associative learning; recent developments in the formal theories of how associative learning occurs; and applied work on human associative learning, particularly its application to depression and to the development of preferences. The book is designed to be accessible to undergraduates, providing a clear illustration of how principles most commonly introduced in animal cognition courses are relevant to the contemporary study of human cognition.